BIO252 CHAMBERLAIN LV 2024/2025
FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Muscle Tissue Property: Electrical Excitability - CORRECT
ANSWERS- ions are charged molecules that have different
concentrations between a semipermeable membrane
Muscular Tissue Property: Contractility - CORRECT ANSWERS- the
ability to forcefully contract
Muscular Tissue Property: Extensibility - CORRECT ANSWERS- the
ability to stretch
Muscular Tissue Property: Elasticity - CORRECT ANSWERS- the
ability to return to your original shape
Microscopic Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle Fiber - CORRECT
ANSWERS- -each mature skeletal muscle fiber has 100+ nuclei
-once fusion has occurred the muscle fiber loses its ability to
undergo cell division
-skeletal muscles are set before you are born and last a life time
,Factors that Affect propagation speed - CORRECT ANSWERS-
axon diameter, amount of myelination, temperature
Continuous conduction - CORRECT ANSWERS- -step by step
depolarization and repolarization
-unmyelenated axons/muscle fibers
Saltatory conduction - CORRECT ANSWERS- (leaping) myelenated
axons because of uneven distribution of voltage-gated channels
Control of Muscle Tension: Sliding Filament Mechanism -
CORRECT ANSWERS- -myosin pulls on actin, causing thin filament
to slide forward
-consequently, Z discs move toward each other and the
sarcomere shortens
-thanks to structural proteins, there is a transmission of force
throughout the entire muscle
***Filaments do not change in length
Isotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS- tension is constant while muscle
length changes
-concentric=picking up book
-eccentric=lowering book
,Isometric - CORRECT ANSWERS- muscle contracts but does not
change length
-holding a book out steady
During active muscle contraction, myosin heads bind to the
protein _______________. - CORRECT ANSWERS- actin
______________ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and
plays a key role in active muscle contraction - CORRECT
ANSWERS- calcium
Functions of Skeletal System - CORRECT ANSWERS- 1.
facillitating movement
2. generating heat (thermogenesis)
3. Storing glycogen
4. maintaining body posture
How individual muscle fibers generate ATP - CORRECT ANSWERS-
1. glycolysis (anaerobic respiration)
2. hydrolysis of creatine phosphate
3. krebs cycle/electron transport chain (aerobic respiration)
In a given muscle fiber, the thin filaments are known as
_____________, and the thick filaments are known as _____________.
- CORRECT ANSWERS- actin,myosin
, Components of Skeletal Muscle (Lg to Sm) - CORRECT ANSWERS-
1. Skeletal Muscle
2. Fascicle
3. Muscle Fiber (cell)
4. Myofibrol
5. Filaments
Sarcolemma - CORRECT ANSWERS- cell membrane of individual
muscle cell
Origin - CORRECT ANSWERS- the attachment to the stationary
bone (bone that does not move) Proximal
Insertion - CORRECT ANSWERS- the attachment to the movable
bone (distal)
Fulcrum - CORRECT ANSWERS- elbow joint
Effort - CORRECT ANSWERS- amount of force
ex: contraction of biceps brachii
Load - CORRECT ANSWERS- weight of object plus forearm
(resistance)
FINAL EXAM WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Muscle Tissue Property: Electrical Excitability - CORRECT
ANSWERS- ions are charged molecules that have different
concentrations between a semipermeable membrane
Muscular Tissue Property: Contractility - CORRECT ANSWERS- the
ability to forcefully contract
Muscular Tissue Property: Extensibility - CORRECT ANSWERS- the
ability to stretch
Muscular Tissue Property: Elasticity - CORRECT ANSWERS- the
ability to return to your original shape
Microscopic Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle Fiber - CORRECT
ANSWERS- -each mature skeletal muscle fiber has 100+ nuclei
-once fusion has occurred the muscle fiber loses its ability to
undergo cell division
-skeletal muscles are set before you are born and last a life time
,Factors that Affect propagation speed - CORRECT ANSWERS-
axon diameter, amount of myelination, temperature
Continuous conduction - CORRECT ANSWERS- -step by step
depolarization and repolarization
-unmyelenated axons/muscle fibers
Saltatory conduction - CORRECT ANSWERS- (leaping) myelenated
axons because of uneven distribution of voltage-gated channels
Control of Muscle Tension: Sliding Filament Mechanism -
CORRECT ANSWERS- -myosin pulls on actin, causing thin filament
to slide forward
-consequently, Z discs move toward each other and the
sarcomere shortens
-thanks to structural proteins, there is a transmission of force
throughout the entire muscle
***Filaments do not change in length
Isotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS- tension is constant while muscle
length changes
-concentric=picking up book
-eccentric=lowering book
,Isometric - CORRECT ANSWERS- muscle contracts but does not
change length
-holding a book out steady
During active muscle contraction, myosin heads bind to the
protein _______________. - CORRECT ANSWERS- actin
______________ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and
plays a key role in active muscle contraction - CORRECT
ANSWERS- calcium
Functions of Skeletal System - CORRECT ANSWERS- 1.
facillitating movement
2. generating heat (thermogenesis)
3. Storing glycogen
4. maintaining body posture
How individual muscle fibers generate ATP - CORRECT ANSWERS-
1. glycolysis (anaerobic respiration)
2. hydrolysis of creatine phosphate
3. krebs cycle/electron transport chain (aerobic respiration)
In a given muscle fiber, the thin filaments are known as
_____________, and the thick filaments are known as _____________.
- CORRECT ANSWERS- actin,myosin
, Components of Skeletal Muscle (Lg to Sm) - CORRECT ANSWERS-
1. Skeletal Muscle
2. Fascicle
3. Muscle Fiber (cell)
4. Myofibrol
5. Filaments
Sarcolemma - CORRECT ANSWERS- cell membrane of individual
muscle cell
Origin - CORRECT ANSWERS- the attachment to the stationary
bone (bone that does not move) Proximal
Insertion - CORRECT ANSWERS- the attachment to the movable
bone (distal)
Fulcrum - CORRECT ANSWERS- elbow joint
Effort - CORRECT ANSWERS- amount of force
ex: contraction of biceps brachii
Load - CORRECT ANSWERS- weight of object plus forearm
(resistance)
