PHIL 110 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
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PHIL 110
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PHIL 110
PHIL 110 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
What is the principle of inferential justification? - Answer-If S if justified in believing P, and S is justified in believing q on the basis of P, then S is justified in believing q.
In the theory of knowledge, which one of the follo...
PHIL 110 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY
PASSED
What is the principle of inferential justification? - Answer-If S if justified in believing P,
and S is justified in believing q on the basis of P, then S is justified in believing q.
In the theory of knowledge, which one of the following best expresses the doctrine of
foundationalism? - Answer-All justification of beliefs rests, ultimately, on beliefs that are
justified, but not by other beliefs.
Which one of the following is the argument usually given to support foundationalism? -
Answer-The epistemic regress argument
In his second mediation, what sort of thing does Descartes argue that he can be
absolutely certain that he is? - Answer-A thinking thing
Which one of the following claims does Descartes defend in the First and second
mediation? - Answer-My sense experiences are consistent with the hypothesis that
there is an evil demon who is consistently deceiving me about the existence of external
objects.
Which one of the following best captures the view that Descartes defends in the second
mediation? the true nature of physical objects(such as a piece of wax) is best known
through: - Answer-the understanding alone
John locke is a realist, he believes in the mind-independent existence of an external
world of physical objects. But locke draws a distinction between what he calls primary
qualities and secondary qualities. Locke argues(not always successfully) that primary
qualities are really in physical objects and resemble our ideas of them, but this is not
true of secondary qualities (which he thinks are mind dependent). give 2 examples of
primary and secondary qualities. - Answer-Primary-occupation of space, density of
matter
secondary - taste, color, temperature
George Berkely is an idealist. His slogan is "to be is to be perceived, or to be a
perceiver." He insists that everything that exists is either an immaterial mind or an idea
of ideas in one or more minds.
Which of the following is the conclusion of Berkeley's master argument? - Answer-It is a
contradiction in terms to talk about physical objects existing when no one is perceiving
them or thinking about them.
, In class we described Bertrand Russell as defending which two of the following as his
account of human knowledge and his defense of common-sense realism? - Answer-
Modest foundationalism and modest coherentism
Foundationalism-beliefs rooted in fundamental truth
coherentism- true beliefs
G.E. Moore insists that he can prove the existence of the external world. His argument
has just 2 premises, 1: hands exist, 2: if hands exist, then there is an external world.
Is his argument valid? - Answer-Yes
What are two of the contradictions that Moore recognizes as necessary conditions for a
rigorous, conclusive proof of an external world? - Answer-The premises are different
from the conclusion.
The premises are known to be true
Moore claims that he has proved the existence of external objects now. Does he also
think that he can prove that external objects have existed in the past? - Answer-Yes. He
remembers giving the argument before.
If jones is a Purdue graduate, then jones is a human being. "If P then Q" - Answer-
circleP inside of circleQ
"All mammals are vertebrates"
Find counter example to statement - Answer-A mammal that is not a vertebrate
Which is false?
A deductively valid argument may have - Answer-True premises and a false conclusion
Which one of the statements is true?
A. all arguments with true premises are valid.
B all invalid arguments are unsound
C All unsound arguments are invalid
D. All arguments with true conclusions are sound
E. all arguments with true premises and a true conclusion are valid - Answer-B. All
invalid arguments are unsound
Valid or invalid?
All mammals have hair. All birds are mammals. Therefore all birds have hair. - Answer-
Valid
Valid or invalid?
If there were objective truths in ethics, then we should be able to prove that some moral
opinions are true and others are false. But we cannot prove that some moral opinions
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