TEST BANK FOR
Little and Falace's Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, 10th Edition 2024
Craig Miller, Nelson L. Rhodus, Nathaniel S Treister, Eric T Stoopler,
Chapter 1-30
Chapter 01: Patient Evaluation and Risk Assessment
IntroductionExams serve as a fundamental tool in evaluating a student's understanding of a subject, particularly in fields as diverse as business, law, and mathematics. These disciplines not only have
distinct areas of focus but also require unique approaches to assessment, with each exam testing different cognitive abilities, analytical skills, and subject-specific knowledge. In this essay, we will explore
the nature of exams in business, law, and mathematics, their format, and how they evaluate students’ comprehension and application of core concepts. We will also discuss the similarities and differences in
these exams and how they prepare students for their respective careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares
students for leadership and management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business
program might cover topics like accounting, finance, marketing, management, economics, entrepreneurship, and international business.1.2. Structure of Business ExamsBusiness exams are often a mix of
theoretical knowledge and practical application. Depending on the subject area, these exams can vary significantly in format. Common types of business exams include:Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):
These are frequently used to assess students’ understanding of business terminology, theories, and principles.Case Studies: A staple of business exams, case studies present students with real-world
business scenarios and ask them to apply their knowledge to solve complex problems. Case studies evaluate students' ability to think critically and make strategic decisions.Essay/Short Answer Questions:
These types of questions test the student’s ability to explain and analyze business concepts in a detailed and coherent manner.1.3. Skills Tested in Business ExamsCritical Thinking and Problem-Solving:
Business exams often include case studies that challenge students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-life situations. These tests assess decision-making skills, as well as the ability to evaluate various
business alternatives.Quantitative Analysis: For subjects like finance or economics, business exams often require students to perform calculations and interpret data. The ability to analyze financial
statements, project revenues, and manage budgets is essential.Communication and Writing Skills: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey
complex concepts
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Elective dental care should be deferred for patients with severe, uncontrolled hypertension,
meaning that the blood pressure is greater than or equal to mm Hg.
a. 200/140
b. 180/140
c. 180/110
d. 160/110
ANS: C
Elective dental care should be deferred for patients with severe, uncontrolled hypertension,
which is blood pressure greater than or equal to 180/110 mm Hg, until the condition can be
brought under control.
2. The American Heart Association currently recommends antibiotic prophylaxis for a patient
with which of the following cardiac conditions?
a. Mitral valve prolapse
b. Prosthetic heart valve
c. Rheumatic heart disease
d. Pacemakers for cardiac arrhythmias
ANS: B
Previously, the American Heart Association (AHA) recommended antibiotic prophylaxis for
many patients with heart murmurs caused by valvular disease (e.g., mitral valve prolapse,
rheumatic heart disease) in an effort to prevent infective endocarditis; however, current
guidelines omit this recommendation on the basis of accumulated scientific evidence. If a
murmur is due to certain specific cardiac conditions (e.g., previous endocarditis, prosthetic
heart valve, complex congenital cyanotic heart disease), the AHA continues to recommend
antibiotic prophylaxis for most dental procedures.
3. One consequence of chronic hepatitis (B or C) or cirrhosis of the liver is decreased ability of
the body to certain drugs, including local anesthetics and analgesics.
a. absorb
b. distribute
c. metabolize
d. excrete
ANS: C
, Patients also may have chronic hepatitis (B or C) or cirrhosis, with impairment of liver
function. This deficit may result in prolonged bleeding and less efficient metabolism of
certain drugs, including local anesthetics and analgesics.
4. Which of the following symptoms and signs is most consistent with allergy?
a. Heart palpitations
b. Itching
c. Vomiting
d. Fainting
ANS: B
Symptoms and signs consistent with allergy include itching, urticaria (hives), rash, swelling,
wheezing, angioedema, runny nose, and tearing eyes. Isolated signs and symptoms such as
nausea, vomiting, heart palpitations, and fainting generally are not of an allergic origin but
rather are manifestations of drug intolerance, adverse side effects, or psychogenic reactions.
IntroductionExams serve as a fundamental tool in evaluating a student's understanding of a subject, particularly in fields as diverse as business, law, and mathematics. These disciplines
not only have distinct areas of focus but also require unique approaches to assessment, with each exam testing different cognitive abilities, analytical skills, and subject-specific
knowledge. In this essay, we will explore the nature of exams in business, law, and mathematics, their format, and how they evaluate students’ comprehension and application of core
concepts. We will also discuss the similarities and differences in these exams and how they prepare students for their respective
careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and management
roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics
like accounting, finance, marketing, management, economics, entrepreneurship, and international business.1.2. Structure of Business ExamsBusiness exams are often a mix of
theoretical knowledge and practical application. Depending on the subject area, these exams can vary significantly in format. Common types of business exams include:Multiple Choice
Questions (MCQs): These are frequently used to assess students’ understanding of business terminology, theories, and principles.Case Studies: A staple of business exams, case studies
present students with real-world business scenarios and ask them to apply their knowledge to solve complex problems. Case studies evaluate students' ability to think critically and make
strategic decisions.Essay/Short Answer Questions: These types of questions test the student’s ability to explain and analyze business concepts in a detailed and coherent manner.1.3.
Skills Tested in Business ExamsCritical Thinking and Problem-Solving: Business exams often include case studies that challenge students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-life
situations. These tests assess decision-making skills, as well as the ability to evaluate various business alternatives.Quantitative Analysis: For subjects like finance or economics,
business exams often require students to perform calculations and interpret data. The ability to analyze financial statements, project revenues, and manage budgets is
essential.Communication and Writing Skills: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts
5. Which of the following is true of the patient with a history of tuberculosis?
a. A positive result on skin testing means that the person has active TB.
b. Most patients who become positive skin testers develop active disease.
c. Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have a high incidence
of tuberculosis.
d. A diagnosis of active TB is made by a purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test.
ANS: C
The potential coexistence of tuberculosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
should be explored because patients with AIDS have a high incidence of tuberculosis. A
positive result on skin testing means specifically that the person has at some time been
infected with TB, not necessarily that active disease is present. Most patients who become
positive skin testers do not develop active disease. A diagnosis of active TB is made by chest
x-ray, imaging, sputum culture, and clinical examination.
6. Vasoconstrictors should be avoided in patients who cocaine or methamphetamine users
because these agents may precipitate .
a. severe hypotension
b. severe hypertension
c. respiratory depression
d. cessation of intestinal peristalsis
ANS: B
Vasoconstrictors should be avoided in patients who are cocaine or methamphetamine users
because the combination may precipitate arrhythmias, MI, or severe hypertension.
7. It has been shown that the risk for occurrence of a serious perioperative cardiovascular event
(e.g., MI, heart failure) is increased in patients who are unable to meet a -MET (metabolic
equivalent of task) demand during normal daily activity.
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
, d. 10
ANS: A
Daily activities requiring 4 METs include level walking at 4 miles/hour or climbing a flight of
stairs. Activities requiring greater than 10 METs include swimming and singles tennis. An
exercise capacity of 10 to 13 METs indicates excellent physical conditioning.
IntroductionExams serve as a fundamental tool in evaluating a student's understanding of a subject, particularly in fields as diverse as business, law, and mathematics. These disciplines not
only have distinct areas of focus but also require unique approaches to assessment, with each exam testing different cognitive abilities, analytical skills, and subject-specific knowledge. In
this essay, we will explore the nature of exams in business, law, and mathematics, their format, and how they evaluate students’ comprehension and application of core concepts. We will
also discuss the similarities and differences in these exams and how they prepare students for their respective careers.________________________________________1. Business
Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-
making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like accounting, finance, marketing, management, economics,
entrepreneurship, and international business.1.2. Structure of Business ExamsBusiness exams are often a mix of theoretical knowledge and practical application. Depending on the subject
area, these exams can vary significantly in format. Common types of business exams include:Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs): These are frequently used to assess students’
understanding of business terminology, theories, and principles.Case Studies: A staple of business exams, case studies present students with real-world business scenarios and ask them to
apply their knowledge to solve complex problems. Case studies evaluate students' ability to think critically and make strategic decisions.Essay/Short Answer Questions: These types of
questions test the student’s ability to explain and analyze business concepts in a detailed and coherent manner.1.3. Skills Tested in Business ExamsCritical Thinking and Problem-Solving:
Business exams often include case studies that challenge students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-life situations. These tests assess decision-making skills, as well as the ability to
evaluate various business alternatives.Quantitative Analysis: For subjects like finance or economics, business exams often require students to perform calculations and interpret data. The
ability to analyze financial statements, project revenues, and manage budgets is essential.Communication and Writing Skills: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly
and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts
8. Which of the following alterations in the fingernails is associated with cirrhosis?
a. Yellowing
b. Clubbing
c. White discoloration
d. Splinter hemorrhages
ANS: C
Alterations in the fingernails, such as clubbing (seen in cardiopulmonary insufficiency), white
discoloration (seen in cirrhosis), yellowing (from malignancy), and splinter hemorrhages
(from infective endocarditis) usually are caused by chronic disorders.
9. A blood pressure cuff should be placed on the upper arm and inflated until .
a. the radial pulse disappears
b. the radial pulse disappears and then inflated an additional 20 to 30 mm Hg
c. two fingers cannot fit comfortably under the cuff
d. the pulse no longer can be heard with the stethoscope
ANS: B
While the radial pulse is palpated, the cuff is inflated until the radial pulse disappears
(approximate systolic pressure); it is then inflated an additional 20 to 30 mm Hg.
10. Which of the following is true of a patient classified ASA III according to the American
Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status Classification System?
a. Patient has mild systemic disease.
b. Patient’s disease has significant impact on daily activity.
c. Patient’s disease is unlikely to have impact on anesthesia and surgery.
d. Patient is moribund.
ANS: B
Patient with severe systemic disease is a constant threat to life (e.g., recent myocardial
infarction, stroke, transient ischemic attach [<3 months], ongoing cardiac ischemia, severe
valve dysfunction, respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation). Serious limitation of
daily activity; likely major impact on anesthesia and surgery.
IntroductionExams serve as a fundamental tool in evaluating a student's understanding of a subject, particularly in fields as diverse as business, law, and mathematics. These disciplines not only have distinct areas
of focus but also require unique approaches to assessment, with each exam testing different cognitive abilities, analytical skills, and subject-specific knowledge. In this essay, we will explore the nature of exams
in business, law, and mathematics, their format, and how they evaluate students’ comprehension and application of core concepts. We will also discuss the similarities and differences in these exams and how they
prepare students for their respective careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and
management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like
accounting, finance, marketing, management, economics, entrepreneurship, and international business.1.2. Structure of Business ExamsBusiness exams are often a mix of theoretical knowledge and practical
application. Depending on the subject area, these exams can vary significantly in format. Common types of business exams include:Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs): These are frequently used to assess
students’ understanding of business terminology, theories, and principles.Case Studies: A staple of business exams, case studies present students with real-world business scenarios and ask them to apply their
knowledge to solve complex problems. Case studies evaluate students' ability to think critically and make strategic decisions.Essay/Short Answer Questions: These types of questions test the student’s ability to
explain and analyze business concepts in a detailed and coherent manner.1.3. Skills Tested in Business ExamsCritical Thinking and Problem-Solving: Business exams often include case studies that challenge
students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-life situations. These tests assess decision-making skills, as well as the ability to evaluate various business alternatives.Quantitative Analysis: For subjects like
finance or economics, business exams often require students to perform calculations and interpret data. The ability to analyze financial statements, project revenues, and manage budgets is
essential.Communication and Writing Skills: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts
, Chapter 02: Infective Endocarditis
Little: Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient, 10th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is true concerning infective endocarditis (IE)?
a. IE is always due to a bacterial infection.
b. Since the advent of antibiotics, morbidity and mortality associated with IE have
been virtually eliminated.
c. IE is currently classified as acute or subacute, to reflect the rapidity of onset and
duration.
d. Accumulating evidence questions the validity of antibiotic prophylaxis in an
attempt to prevent IE prior to certain invasive dental procedures.
ANS: D
Antibiotics have been administered before certain invasive dental procedures in an attempt to
prevent infection. Of note, however, the effectiveness of such prophylaxis in humans has
never been substantiated, and accumulating evidence more and more questions the validity of
this practice.
IntroductionExams serve as a fundamental tool in evaluating a student's understanding of a subject, particularly in fields as diverse as business, law, and mathematics. These disciplines not only have distinct areas
of focus but also require unique approaches to assessment, with each exam testing different cognitive abilities, analytical skills, and subject-specific knowledge. In this essay, we will explore the nature of exams
in business, law, and mathematics, their format, and how they evaluate students’ comprehension and application of core concepts. We will also discuss the similarities and differences in these exams and how they
prepare students for their respective careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and
management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like
accounting, finance, marketing, management, economics, entrepreneurship, and international business.1.2. Structure of Business ExamsBusiness exams are often a mix of theoretical knowledge and practical
application. Depending on the subject area, these exams can vary significantly in format. Common types of business exams include:Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs): These are frequently used to assess
students’ understanding of business terminology, theories, and principles.Case Studies: A staple of business exams, case studies present students with real-world business scenarios and ask them to apply their
knowledge to solve complex problems. Case studies evaluate students' ability to think critically and make strategic decisions.Essay/Short Answer Questions: These types of questions test the student’s ability to
explain and analyze business concepts in a detailed and coherent manner.1.3. Skills Tested in Business ExamsCritical Thinking and Problem-Solving: Business exams often include case studies that challenge
students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-life situations. These tests assess decision-making skills, as well as the ability to evaluate various business alternatives.Quantitative Analysis: For subjects like
finance or economics, business exams often require students to perform calculations and interpret data. The ability to analyze financial statements, project revenues, and manage budgets is
essential.Communication and Writing Skills: Business exams may require students to present ideas clearly and concisely. Students must convey complex concepts
2. Which of the following is currently the most common underlying condition predisposing to
infective endocarditis (IE)?
a. Aortic valve disease
b. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD)
c. Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
d. Tetralogy of Fallot
ANS: C
Mitral valve prolapse, which accounts for 25% to 30% of adult cases of native valve
endocarditis (NVE), is now the most common underlying condition among patients who
acquire IE. Previously, rheumatic heart disease (RHD) was the most common condition
predisposing to endocarditis. In developed countries, however, the frequency of RHD has
markedly declined over the past several decades.
3. The leading cause of death due to infective endocarditis (IE) is .
a. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
b. heart failure
c. pulmonary emboli
d. atheromas
ANS: B
The most common complication of IE, and the leading cause of death, is heart failure, which
results from severe valvular dysfunction. This pathologic process most commonly begins as a
problem with aortic valve involvement, followed by mitral and then tricuspid valve infection.
Embolization of vegetation fragments often leads to further complications, such as stroke.
Myocardial infarction can occur as the result of embolism of the coronary arteries, and distal
emboli can produce peripheral metastatic abscesses.
