Summary
Moleculaire biologie en DNA-technologie samenvatting H1 tot H4
- Course
- Institution
Bevat samenvatting van: - isolatie van nucleïnezuren - PCR analyse - scheiding en detectie van DNA - stroom van genetische informatie
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Moleculaire biologie en DNA-technologie:Samenvatting H1-H4
, Hoofdstuk 1 : isolatie van nucleinezuren
1 Nucleïnezuren
DNA RNA
it
it
it
it
zurmstofgroep)
Structuur DNA 3 uiteinde
Suiteinde:
Vrijefosfaatgroep Vrije
: :
antiparallelle strengen : waterstofbruggen
draaien naar dezelfde kant H
"Sequentie geschreven 53
DNA heeft negatieve lading
.2
1 Structuur RNA :
enkelstrengig en vormt hairpin : secundaire structuur ,
FRNA :
driedemensioneleen
=
Door OH
op 2 van ribose : RNA reactiver en minder stabiel dan DNA
DNA : bewaren
genetische info
RNA :
Reguleerbaar want snelle turnover,
RNA kan complexe driedimensionale structuren vormen en interacties aangaan met eiwitten, DNA en
kleine RNA-bindende moleculen
, 1 3
.
Erkaryoot genoom : met mitochondriën of chloroplasten
chromosoom
chromatine
I
: heterochromatine
euchromatine
-
nucleosoom
histon eiwit
46 chromosomen
chromosomen worden in de metafase gevormol
2 Isolatie van nucleinezuren
Doel : isoleren van DNA uit cellen/ weefsels
Principe :
-cellyse
-verwijderen ongewenste componenten
-
bewaren
geisoleerd DNA
-
kwaliteitscontrole
geisoleerd DNA :
Kwalitatief kwantitatief
,
21
.
Cellen openbreken om DNA te isoleren=
lysemethode
Cellyse homogeniseren
: van monster
- chemisch detergenten alkalische buffer,
-
biologisch enzymen
-
fysisch warmte ,
osmose
- mechanisch vortexen .
Soniseren
pretreatment kan noodzakelijk zijn afhankelijk van
celtype
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