Define kinetic energy in words and with a formula, and
give its unit! correct answers Kinetic energy is the amount of work an object with a
mass of m moving at a speed of v can perform while its
speed is reduced to zero:
E kinetic = 1/2 mv^2
The unit of kinetic energy is joule.
Define elect...
Biophysics Minimals || All Correct.
Define kinetic energy in words and with a formula, and
give its unit! correct answers Kinetic energy is the amount of work an object with a
mass of m moving at a speed of v can perform while its
speed is reduced to zero:
E kinetic = 1/2 mv^2
The unit of kinetic energy is joule.
Define electron volt (eV)! correct answers Electron volt is a unit of energy. It is equivalent to the
amount of kinetic energy gained by a single electron when accelerated through a voltage
difference of 1 V.
Define what force is! correct answers Force is a vector quantity characterizing the capability to
cause acceleration
Define acceleration in words and with a formula! correct answers Acceleration is the rate of
velocity change with time: a=dv/dt where a is acceleration, dv is the change in velocity in time t.
Define Newton's 2nd law in words and with a formula! correct answers The acceleration of an
object (a) is given by the ratio of the net (or resultant) force acting upon it (Fn) and the mass of
the object (m):
a=Fn/m
Define centripetal acceleration in words and with a
formula! correct answers Centripetal acceleration (ac) is the rate of change in the direction of
velocity with time: ac= v^2/r=w^2r , where v is velocity, r is the radius of the path, w is angular
velocity.
Define angular velocity in words and with a formula! correct answers Angular velocity (w) is the
ratio of the angle (D<,measured in radians) traversed to the amount of time (Dt) it takes to
traverse the angle:w= D</Dt
Define momentum in words and with a formula! correct answers Momentum (p) is the product
of the mass (m) and the velocity (v) of an object: p = mv
Define moment of inertia in words and with a formula! correct answers Moment of inertia (I)
serves the same purpose in circular motion as mass in linear motion. It characterized the
resistance of an object against angular acceleration, i.e. the change in angular velocity. Moment
of inertia of a
point-like object can be calculated by the following equation: I = mr2 , where m is the mass of
the object, r is the distance of the object from the axis of rotation.
Define angular momentum! correct answers Angular momentum is analogous to momentum, it
serves the same purpose in circular motion asm momentum does in linear motion. By definition,
, theproduct of the angular velocity and the moment of inertia of an object is its angular
momentum.
Define the potential energy of an object in a homogenous gravitational field! correct answers The
potential energy of an object with mass m at a height of h in a homogenous gravitational field
characterized by a gravitational acceleration of g is given
by the following equation: Epotential = mgh
Define the potential energy of a charged object in an electrostatic field! correct answers The
electrostatic potential energy of an object with charge Q at position A in an electrostatic field is:
Epot = QUA , where UA is the electric potential at point A.
Define work in words and with a formula! correct answers Work is the amount of energy
transferred by a force. It can be calculated according to the following formula: W = F s , where
W is work, F is force and s is the displacement of the object in the direction of the force.
Formulate the general form of the work-energy theorem, and its special form for the electric and
homogenous
gravitational fields! correct answers General form: E(kinetic,B) - E(kinetic, A) = 1/2m(v(B)^2 -
V(A)^2) = W (A,B) m is the mass, vB and vA are the speed of the object at point A and B,
respectively, WAB is the work done on the object between points A and B.
In an electric field: E (kinetic, B) - E(kinetic, A)= QUAB; Q is the charge of the object, UAB is
electric potential difference between points A and B.
In a homogenous gravitational field: E(kinetic, B) - E(kinetic, A) = mgh , h is the height
difference between points A and B.
Define power in words and with a formula, and give its unit! correct answers Power is the rate at
which work is done, and it is calculated according to the following formula: P = W/t, where P is
power, W is the amount of work perform in time t.
The unit of power is watt (W=J/s).
Define the term and unit of voltage! correct answers The voltage between points A and B is the
difference between the electric potentials of points A and B. The unit of voltage is volt (V). If the
voltage between points A and B is 1V (UB-UA=1V), the amount of work required to
move a charge of 1 coulomb from point A to B is 1 joule.
Define electric current and derive its unit from other SI units! correct answers Electric current is
the amount of charge transported across a boundary per unit time. Its unit is ampere (A).
A=Coulomb/second
Define resistance and give its unit! correct answers According to Ohm's law resistance (R) of a
piece of conducting material is the ratio of the voltage applied across the piece of material (U)
and the current through
the material (I): R=U/I
The unit of resistance is ohm (O=V/A)
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