NSG 3600 Exam 3 Questions With Complete Solutions
A child involved in a motor vehicle accident (MVA) is currently
on a backboard with a cervical collar in place. The child is
diagnosed with a cervical fracture. Which would the nurse
expect to find in the child's plan of care?
1. Remove the cervical collar, keep the backboard in place, and
administer high-dose methylprednisolone (Medrol).
2. Continue with all forms of spinal stabilization and administer
high-dose methylprednisolone (Medrol) and ranitidine (Zantac).
3. Remove the backboard and cervical collar and prepare for
halo tractionplacement.
4. Remove the cervical collar and backboard, place the child on
spinal precautions, and administer high-dose
methylprednisolone (Medrol) and ranitidine (Zantac).
1. The cervical collar should not be removed. In addition to the
methylprednisolone (Medrol), ranitidine (Zantac) should be
administered to prevent gastric ulcer formation.
2. All forms of spinal stabilization should be continued while
methylprednisolone (Medrol) and ranitidine (Zantac) are
administered.
3. The backboard and cervical collar should not be removed
until after the halo traction has been applied.
4. The cervical collar should not be removed.
,TEST-TAKING HINT: The test taker should be familiar
with spinal cord injuries. The test taker should eliminate any
answer stating the cervical collar be removed, such as 1, 3,
and 4
A child has been diagnosed with a midline brain tumor. In
addition to showing signs of increased intracranial pressure
(ICP), she has been voiding large amounts of very dilute urine.
Which medication does the nurse expect to administer?
1. Mannitol (Osmitrol).
2. Vasopressin.
3. Furosemide (Lasix).
4. Dopamine (Intropin).
1. The child is experiencing diabetes insipidus, a common
occurrence in children with midline brain tumors. Mannitol
(Osmitrol) is an osmotic diuretic that will not treat diabetes
insipidus.
2. The child is experiencing diabetes
insipidus, a common occurrence in children with midline
brain tumors. Vasopressin is a hormone that is used to help
the body retain water.
3. The child is experiencing diabetes insipidus, a common
occurrence in children with midline brain tumors. Furosemide
(Lasix)is a diuretic that will not treat diabetes insipidus.
,4. The child is experiencing diabetes insipidus, a common
occurrence in children with midline brain tumors. Dopamine
(Intropin) is a beta-adrenergic agonist that is not used to treat
diabetes insipidus.
TEST-TAKING HINT: The test taker shouldbe familiar
with diabetes insipidus. The question describes its
symptoms. Diabetes insipidus commonly occurs in children
with midline brain tumors. The test taker can eliminate
answers 1 and 3 because they increase diuresis, which needs
to be avoided.
A 2-month-old infant is brought to the emergency department
after experiencing a seizure. The infant appears lethargic with
very irregular respirations and periods of apnea. The parents
report the baby is no longer interested in feeding and, before the
seizure, rolled off the couch. What additional testing should the
nurse immediately prepare for?
1. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the head and dilation of
the eyes.
2. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the head and
electroencephalogram (EEG).
3. X-rays of the head.
4. X-rays of all long bones.
1. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the head will reveal
trauma. Dilating the eyes is performed to check for retinal
hemorrhages that are seen in an infant who has experienced
shaken baby syndrome (SBS).
, 2. An EEG is not usually done as a priority test in an infant
displaying symptoms of SBS.
3. X-rays of the head will show fractures, but CT and pupil
examinations are the priority for this child.
4. X-rays of all long bones may be performed to rule out any old
or new fractures, but CT and pupil examinations are the priority
for this child.
TEST-TAKING HINT: The test taker should consider child
abuse (SBS), because the story does not match the injury.
The pupils are always dilated to rule out SBS.
A child in the PICU with a head injury is comatose and
unresponsive. The parent asks if he needs pain medication.
Select the nurse's best response.
1. "Pain medication is not necessary because he is unresponsive
and cannot feel pain."
2. "Pain medication may interfere with his ability to respond and
may mask any signs of improvement."
3. "Pain medication is necessary to make him comfortable."
4. "Pain medication is necessary for comfort, but we use it
cautiously because it increases the demand for oxygen."
1. Even if the child is unresponsive, the child can still feel pain.
2. If pain medication is administered cautiously, the child can
still be monitored and signs of improvement will be evident.
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