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Exam 4 Licata Bio 1201 LSU Questions and Answers 100% Pass
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Exam 4 Licata Bio 1201 LSU Questions and Answers 100% Pass Transcription - ANSWER -(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA Translation - ANSWER -Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced codon - ANSWER -A specific sequence of three...

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  • December 17, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • exam 4 licata bio 1201 lsu questions and answers 1

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  • LSU Biol 1201
  • LSU Biol 1201

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Exam 4 Licata Bio 1201 LSU Questions
and Answers 100% Pass

Transcription - ANSWER ✔✔-(genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is

copied into mRNA


Translation - ANSWER ✔✔-Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced


codon - ANSWER ✔✔-A specific sequence of three adjacent bases on a strand of DNA or RNA that

provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid


promoter - ANSWER ✔✔-specific region of a gene where RNA polymerase can bind and begin

transcription


RNA transcript - ANSWER ✔✔-RNA molecule produced by transcription that is complementary to one

strand of DNA


RNA polymerase - ANSWER ✔✔-Enzyme similar to DNA polymerase that binds to DNA and separates

the DNA strands during transcription


What direction is RNA synthesized - ANSWER ✔✔-5' to 3'


TATA box - ANSWER ✔✔-A promoter DNA sequence crucial in forming the transcription initiation

complex.


Transcription factors - ANSWER ✔✔-Collection of proteins that mediate the binding of RNA polymerase

and the initiation of transcription.


What is added in RNA processing? - ANSWER ✔✔-5' cap and poly-A tail



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RNA splicing - ANSWER ✔✔-Process by which the introns are removed from RNA transcripts and the

remaining exons are joined together.


spliceosome - ANSWER ✔✔-cut out introns and have snRNP inside


pre-mRNA - ANSWER ✔✔-a form of messenger RNA that contains both introns and exons


tRNA - ANSWER ✔✔-transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome


What are tRNAs held together by? - ANSWER ✔✔-Hydrogen bonds


Anticodon - ANSWER ✔✔-group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an

mRNA codon


aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - ANSWER ✔✔-During protein synthesis, an enzyme that attaches the

correct amino acid to a tRNA molecule to form a "charged" aminoacyl-tRNA.


Ribosome Anatomy - ANSWER ✔✔-APE


where are the amino acids bonded together in the ribosome - ANSWER ✔✔-P slot


GTP - ANSWER ✔✔-A nucleotide composed of guanine, ribose, and three linked phosphate groups. It is

incorporated into the growing RNA chain during synthesis of RNA and used as a source of energy

during synthesis of proteins


elongation (translation) - ANSWER ✔✔-codon recognition, peptide bond formation, translocation


termination of translation - ANSWER ✔✔-- occurs when the codon in A-site is a stop codon


- release factor places a water molecule on the polypeptide chain and thus releases the protein


polyribosome - ANSWER ✔✔-string of ribosomes simultaneously translating regions of the same mRNA

strand during protein synthesis




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SRP - ANSWER ✔✔-signal recognition particle; attaches to signal peptide and brings it anywhere;

mailman


types of point mutations - ANSWER ✔✔-silent (no difference), missense(changes one), nonsense (either

stops early or is frameshift)


Where does transcription occur? - ANSWER ✔✔-nucleus


repressor protein - ANSWER ✔✔-a regulatory protein that binds to an operator and blocks transcription

of the genes of an operon


inducible operon - ANSWER ✔✔-An operon under positive control. It is usually "off" but can be turned

"on".


repressible operon (trp operon) - ANSWER ✔✔-An operon under negative control. It is usually "on" but

can be turned "off".


correpressor - ANSWER ✔✔-A small molecule that cooperates with a repressor protein to switch on

operon off.


lac operon - ANSWER ✔✔-a gene system whose operator gene and three structural genes control lactose

metabolism in E. coli (inducible)


CAP protein - ANSWER ✔✔-catabolite activator protein, cAMP receptor protein


histone acetylation - ANSWER ✔✔-The attachment of acetyl groups to certain amino acids of histone

proteins; makes them spread out more


Enhancers - ANSWER ✔✔-A DNA sequence that recognizes certain transcription factors that can

stimulate transcription of nearby genes.


transcription activators - ANSWER ✔✔-speed up transcription by binding to region of DNA called

enhancer


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