Summary
19/20 samenvatting Economie B
- Course
- Institution
Uitgebreide samenvatting van de lessen + samenvatting van het boek
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
maurocrabbe
Content preview
ECONOMIE BStudiepunten: 5
HOOFDSTUK 18 TABLE OF CONTENTS
INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................................................................ 5
HOOFDSTUK 19 MEDEDINGINGSBELEID (HERHALING) .......................................................................................................... 9
19.1 MARKTMACHT....................................................................................................................................................................... 9
HOOFDSTUK 20 EXTERNE EFFECTEN.....................................................................................................................................10
20.1 NEGATIEVE EXTERNE EFFECTEN ............................................................................................................................................... 10
20.2 POSITIEVE EXTERNE EFFECTEN ................................................................................................................................................. 20
20.3 ALTERNATIEVE MANIEREN OM EXTERNALITEITEN OP TE LOSSEN ...................................................................................................... 22
20.3.1 Morele normen, sociale normen, vrijwilligers en liefdadigheid .............................................................................. 22
20.3.2 Industrieel beleid .................................................................................................................................................... 22
20.3.3 Coase theorema...................................................................................................................................................... 23
20.4 INTERNALITEITEN.................................................................................................................................................................. 24
20.4.1 Merite en demeritegoederen.................................................................................................................................. 24
HOOFDSTUK 21 PUBLIEKE GOEDEREN EN GEMEENSCHAPPELIJKE BRONNEN .......................................................................25
21.1 VIER SOORTEN GOEDEREN EN DIENSTEN .................................................................................................................................... 25
21.1.1 Twee kenmerken van goederen.............................................................................................................................. 25
21.1.2 Soorten goederen ................................................................................................................................................... 25
21.2 PUBLIEKE GOEDEREN............................................................................................................................................................. 25
21.2.1 Vrijbuiters en de financiering van publieke goederen ............................................................................................ 26
21.2.2 Kosteneffeciviteitsanalyse ...................................................................................................................................... 29
21.3 GEMEENSCHAPPELIJKE BRONNEN ............................................................................................................................................ 36
21.3.1 De bijdrage van Elinor Ostrom................................................................................................................................ 38
HOOFDSTUK 22 OVERHEIDSFINANCIËN ...............................................................................................................................38
22.1 INLEIDING ........................................................................................................................................................................... 38
22.2 ONTVANGSTEN EN UITGAVEN ................................................................................................................................................. 39
22.3 DE GROEIENDE OVERHEID ...................................................................................................................................................... 39
22.4 IS DE OVERHEID TE GROOT? .................................................................................................................................................... 40
22.4.1 De wet van Wagner ................................................................................................................................................ 40
22.4.2 De wet van Baumol ................................................................................................................................................ 40
22.4.3 Pal of Ratchet effect ............................................................................................................................................... 41
HOOFDSTUK 23 GEVOLGEN VAN BELEIDSINSTRUMENTEN ...................................................................................................41
23.1 INDIRECTE BELASTINGEN EN SUBSIDIES ...................................................................................................................................... 41
23.1.1 Belasting op het aanbod......................................................................................................................................... 42
23.1.2 Belasting op de vraag ............................................................................................................................................. 44
SAMENVATTING ECONOMIE B – SEM 2 1
, 23.1.3 Subsidie aan de producent ..................................................................................................................................... 46
23.1.4 Subsidie aan de Consument .................................................................................................................................... 47
23.2 PRIJSINTERVENTIES ............................................................................................................................................................... 47
23.2.1 Maximumprijs of prijsplafond ................................................................................................................................ 48
23.2.2 Minimumprijzen of prijsbodem .............................................................................................................................. 48
23.3 QUOTA .............................................................................................................................................................................. 49
HOOFDSTUK 24 PUBLIEKE EN SOCIALE KEUZE ......................................................................................................................50
24.1 PUBLIEKE KEUZE ................................................................................................................................................................... 50
24.1.1 Normatieve welvaartstheorie ................................................................................................................................. 50
24.1.2 Publieke keuzetheorie ............................................................................................................................................. 50
24.1.3 Verkiezingen en onmogelijkheidstheorema van Arrow .......................................................................................... 52
24.1.4 Theorie van de mediaankiezer ................................................................................................................................ 54
24.1.5 De budgetmaximaliserende ambtenaar van een overheidsdienst (Niskanen) ....................................................... 55
24.1.6 De Omzetmaximaliserende manager van een overheidsbedrijf ............................................................................. 55
HOOFDSTUK 25 ONGELIJKHEID EN HERVERDELING ..............................................................................................................56
25.1 BEOORDELING VAN ONGELIJKHEID ........................................................................................................................................... 56
25.1.1 Inleiding .................................................................................................................................................................. 56
25.2 HOE ONGELIJKHEID METEN? ................................................................................................................................................... 61
25.3 ARMOEDE........................................................................................................................................................................... 66
25.4 HERVERDELINGSBELEID.......................................................................................................................................................... 67
INTRODUCTIE: RUSLAND VERSUS OEKRAÏNE ...........................................................................................................................70
VAN MICRO-ECONOMIE NAAR MACRO-ECONOMIE.................................................................................................................72
HOOFDSTUK 26 BESCHRIJVENDE MACRO-ECONOMIE ..........................................................................................................79
26.1 INTRODUCTIE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 79
26.2 DE ECONOMISCHE KRINGLOOP ................................................................................................................................................ 80
26.3 BRUTO BINNENLANDS PRODUCT (BBP).................................................................................................................................... 81
26.4 VAN PRODUCT NAAR INKOMEN (BNI) ...................................................................................................................................... 83
26.5 VAN INKOMEN NAAR LEKKEN EN INJECTIES ................................................................................................................................ 84
26.6 GEBRUIK VAN HET BBP ......................................................................................................................................................... 86
26.7 INFLATIE ............................................................................................................................................................................. 91
26.8 KRITIEKEN OP HET BBP ......................................................................................................................................................... 95
HOOFDSTUK 27 CONJUNCTUUR ...........................................................................................................................................96
27.1 CIJFERMATERIAAL INTERPRETEREN ........................................................................................................................................... 96
27.2 RECESSIE EN CONJUNCTUUR ................................................................................................................................................... 97
27.3 CONJUNCTUURSSTUDIE ....................................................................................................................................................... 100
27.4 EEN ANALYSEKADER: AGGREGATIEVE VRAAG EN AANBOD - VRAAGZIJDE EN AANBODZIJDE ................................................................. 102
HOOFDSTUK 28 GELD ........................................................................................................................................................105
28.1 DE FUNCTIES VAN GELD ....................................................................................................................................................... 105
SAMENVATTING ECONOMIE B – SEM 2 2
, 28.2 GOEDERENGELD ................................................................................................................................................................. 107
28.3 VAN GOEDERENGELD NAAR PAPIERGELD ................................................................................................................................. 108
28.4 GELDCREATIE .................................................................................................................................................................... 110
28.5 DE INTRESTVOET ................................................................................................................................................................ 116
28.6 GELDVRAAG EN AANBOD ..................................................................................................................................................... 119
HOOFDSTUK 29 MONETAIR BELEID ....................................................................................................................................121
29.1 REGELEN VAN EEN THERMOSTAAT ......................................................................................................................................... 122
29.2 ARGUMENTEN VOOR EEN ONAFHANKELIJKE CENTRALE BANK ....................................................................................................... 124
29.3 CONVENTIONEEL MONETAIR BELEID VAN DE ECB ...................................................................................................................... 125
29.4 CRISIS EN ONCONVENTIONEEL MONETAIR BELEID ...................................................................................................................... 129
29.5 ZULLEN DEZE INTERVENTIES TOT (HYPER)INFLATIE LEIDEN? ......................................................................................................... 135
29.6 VERSCHILLEN MET HET MONETAIR BELEID VAN DE FED (VS) ....................................................................................................... 136
HOOFDSTUK 30 ARBEID .....................................................................................................................................................137
30.1 INLEID .............................................................................................................................................................................. 137
30.2 VRAAG EN AANBOD VAN ARBEID: COMPETITIEF MODEL .............................................................................................................. 140
30.3 MEER REALISTISCH MODEL: LOONONDERLANDELINGEN .............................................................................................................. 144
30.4 WERKLOOSHEID ................................................................................................................................................................. 148
HOOFDSTUK 31 INLEIDING MACRO-ECONOMISCH MODEL ................................................................................................149
31.1 ASSUMPTIES EN MODELLEN .................................................................................................................................................. 149
31.2 MODELOPBOUW ................................................................................................................................................................ 150
HOOFDSTUK 32 VRAAGZIJDE REËEL ...................................................................................................................................151
32.1 GELOSTEN ECONOMIE ZONDER OVERHEID ............................................................................................................................... 152
32.2 GESLOTEN ECONOMIE MET OVERHEID .................................................................................................................................... 159
32.3 OPEN ECONOMIE MET OVERHEID ........................................................................................................................................... 162
32.4 ALGEMENE EVALUATIE ........................................................................................................................................................ 164
HOOFDSTUK 33 VRAAGZIJDE REËEL EN MONETAIR ............................................................................................................165
33.1 DE AGGREGATIEVE VRAAG EN DE INTREST ................................................................................................................................ 165
HOOFDSTUK 34 VRAAGZIJDE EN AANBODZIJDE .................................................................................................................170
34.1 AGGREGATIEVE VRAAG ........................................................................................................................................................ 170
34.2 AGGREGATIEF AANBOD ....................................................................................................................................................... 170
34.3 AGGREGATIEVE VRAAG EN AGGREGATIEF AANBOD .................................................................................................................... 172
34.4 SCHOKKEN ........................................................................................................................................................................ 172
HOOFDSTUK 35 BUDGETTAIR BELEID .................................................................................................................................179
35.1 MOET DE OVERHEID STABILISEREN? ....................................................................................................................................... 179
35.2 HOE STABILISEERT DE OVERHEID? .......................................................................................................................................... 180
35.3 PROCYCLISCH EN ANTICYCLISCH ............................................................................................................................................. 180
HOOFDSTUK 36 KAPITAAL .................................................................................................................................................181
SAMENVATTING ECONOMIE B – SEM 2 3
, 36.1 INLEIDING ......................................................................................................................................................................... 181
36.2 KAPITAALVORMEN EN WAARDERING ...................................................................................................................................... 182
36.3 VERMOGENSMARKT............................................................................................................................................................ 185
36.4 FINANCIËLE PRODUCTEN ...................................................................................................................................................... 185
SAMENVATTING ECONOMIE B – SEM 2 4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller maurocrabbe. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.93. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
56326 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now