COMPLETE TEST BANK:
Edmunds' Pharmacology for the Primary Care Provider
5th Edition
by Constance G Visovsky PhD Latest Update.
,CHAPTER 01: PRESCRIPTIVE AUTHORITY AND ROLE
IMPLEMENTATION: TRADITION VS. CHANGE TEST BANK
Multiple Choice
1. Which Of The Following Has Influenced An Emphasis On Primary Care Education In
Medical Schools?
A. Changes In Medicare Reimbursement
Methods Recommended In 1992
B. Competition From Nonphysicians
Desiring To Meet Primary Care Shortages
C. The Need For Monopolistic Control In
The Marketplace Of Primary Outpatient
Care
D. The Recognition That Nonphysicians
Have Variable Success Providing Primary
Care
Ans: A
The Physician Payment Review Commission In 1992 Directly Increased Financial
Reimbursement To Clinicians Who Provide Primary Care. Coupled With A Shortage Of
Primary Care Providers, This Incentive Led Medical Schools To Place Greater Emphasis
On Preparing Primary Care Physicians. Competition From Nonphysicians Increased
Coincidentally As Professionals From Other Disciplines Stepped Up To Meet The Needs.
Nonphysicians Have Had Increasing Success At Providing Primary Care And Have Been
Shown To Be Safe And Effective.
2. Which Of The Following Statements Is True About The Prescribing Practices Of Physicians?
A. Older Physicians Tend To Prescribe More
Appropriate Medications Than Younger
Physicians.
B. Antibiotic Medications Remain In The Top
Five Classifications Of Medications
Prescribed.
C. Most Physicians Rely On A “Therapeutic
Armamentarium” That Consists Of Less
Than 100 Drug Preparations Per
Physician.
D. The Dominant Form Of Drug Information
Used By Primary Care Physicians
Continues To Be That Provided By
Pharmaceutical Companies.
Ans: D
Even Though Most Physicians Claim To Place Little Weight On Drug Advertisements,
, Pharmaceutical Representatives, And Patient Preference And State That They Rely On
Academic Sources For Drug Information, A Study Showed That Commercial Rather
Than Scientific Sources Of Drug Information Dominated Their Drug Information
Materials. Younger Physicians Tend To Prescribe Fewer And More Appropriate Drugs.
Antibiotics Have Dropped Out Of The Top Five Classifications Of Drugs Prescribed.
Most Physicians Have A Therapeutic Armamentarium Of About 144 Drugs.
3. As Primary Care Nurse Practitioners (Nps) Continue To Develop Their Role As
Prescribers Of Medications, It Will Be Important To:
A. Attain The Same Level Of
Expertise As Physicians Who
Currently Prescribe Medications.
B. Learn From The Experiences Of
Physicians And Develop Expertise Based
On Evidence- Based Practice.
C. Maintain Collaborative And Supervisorial
Relationships With Physicians Who Will
Oversee Prescribing Practices.
D. Develop Relationships With
Pharmaceutical Representatives To Learn
About New
Medications As They Are Developed.
Ans: B
As Nonphysicians Develop The Roles Associated With Prescriptive Authority, It Will Be
Important To Learn From The Past Experiences Of Physicians And To Develop
Prescribing Practices Based On Evidence-Based Medicine. It Is Hoped That All
Prescribers, Including Physicians And Nurse Practitioners, Will Strive To Do Better Than
In The Past. Nps Should Work Toward Prescriptive Authority And For Practice That Is
Not Supervised By Another Professional. Pharmaceutical Representatives Provide
Information That Carries Some Bias. Academic Sources Are Better.
Chapter 02: Historical Review Of Prescriptive Authority: The Role Of Nurses (Nps,
Cnms, Crnas, And Cnss) And Physician Assistants
Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. A Primary Care Np Will Begin Practicing In A State In Which The Governor Has Opted
Out Of The Federal Facility Reimbursement Requirement. The Np Should Be Aware
That This Defines How Nps May Write Prescriptions:
, A. Without Physician Supervision In Private
Practice.
B. As Crnas Without Physician Supervision
In A Hospital Setting.
C. In Any Situation But Will Not Be
Reimbursed For This By Government
Insurers.
D. Only With Physician Supervision In Both
Private Practice And A Hospital Setting.
Ans: B
In 2001, The Centers For Medicare And Medicaid Services Changed The Federal
Physician Supervision Rule For Crnas To Allow State Governors To Opt Out, Allowing
Crnas To Write Prescriptions And Dispense Drugs Without Physician Supervision.
2. Crnas In Most States:
A. Must Have A Drug Enforcement
Administration (Dea) Number To Practice.
B. Must Have Prescriptive Authority To
Practice.
C. Order And Administer Controlled
Substances But Do Not Have Full
Prescriptive Authority.
D. Administer Medications,
Including Controlled Substances,
Under Direct Physician
Supervision.
Ans: C
Only Five States Grant Independent Prescriptive Authority To Crnas. Crnas Do Not
Require Prescriptive Authority Because They Dispense A Drug Immediately To A
Patient And Do Not Prescribe. Without Prescriptive Authority, They Do Not Need A
Dea Number.
3. A Cnm:
A. May Treat Only Women.
B. Has Prescriptive Authority In All 50 States.
C. MAY ADMINISTER ONLY DRUGS
USED DURING LABOR AND
DELIVERY.
D. MAY PRACTICE ONLY IN BIRTHING
CENTERS AND HOME BIRTH
SETTINGS.
ANS: B
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