STUDY GUIDE
Davis Advantage for Understanding
Medical-Surgical Nursing 7th Edition
By Hopper, Williams, All Chapter's 1 - 57 O
1
,(DavisOAdvantageOforOUnderstandingOMedical-SurgicalONursing,O7eOLindaOWilliams,OPaulaOHopper)
Answers
CHAPTER 1 O
toOcollectOappropriateOdata,OidentifyOaOpatientOproblem,Oa
ndOdetermineOtheObestOpossibleOplanOofOaction.OClinicalOju
CRITICAL THINKING,
O
dgmentOisObasedOonOgoodOcriticalOthinking.
CLINICAL JUDGMENT, ANDTHE
O O O
Cue
O
ONURSING PROCESS O
Definition:OSignificantOorOrelevantOdata.ONotOallOdataOare
cuesO(relevant),ObutOallOcuesOareOdata.
AUDIOO CASEO STUDY Collaboration
JaneO PracticesO ClinicalO Judgment Definition:OWorkingOtogetherOwithOtheOhealthOteamOtoO
improveOpatientOoutcomes.
1. IdentifyOandOanalyzeOcues;OprioritizeOhypotheses;OgenerateOsol
utions;OtakeOaction;OevaluateOoutcomes;Orepeat. Intervention
2. JaneOwasOexhausted,OfailedOaOtest,OandOwasOpulledOinOtooO Definition:OTakingOactionOtoOcarryOoutOaOplan.
manyOdirections.OSheOwasOalsoOcryingOinOherOcarOandOhadO
Evaluation
poorOstudyOhabitsOandOnotOenoughOsleep.
3. Jane’sOresourcesOincludedOaOgoodOfriend,OsickOtimeOfromO Definition:OComparingOtheOoutcomesOyouOexpectedOwithOa
work,OandOwastedOtimeObetweenOclassesOthatOsheOcouldOb ctualOoutcomes.ODidOtheOplanOwork?OWereOexpectedOo
etterOutilize.OYourOresourcesOwillObeOdifferent,ObutOtheyOe utcomesOmet?
xist! Vigilance
4. CriticalOthinking— Definition:OTheOactOofObeingOattentive,Oalert,OandOwatchful.
theOwhy:OJaneOusesOcriticalOthinkingOtoOdetermineOwhyOher
OcurrentOplanOisn’tOworking.OSheOthinksOhonestlyOaboutOh CRITICALO THINKINGO ANDO CLINICALOJUDGMENT
erOpoorOstudyOhabits,OherOtime-
OmanagementOproblems,OandOtheOimpactOthisOisOhavingOon CriticalOthinkingOandOclinicalOjudgmentObothOfollowOaOsimilarOfo
OherOandOherOfamily. rmat.OBothOfollowOstepsOfromOcollectingOdataOtoOdetermin-
OingOproblemsOandOoutcomes,OdevelopingOandOtakingOactions,O
ClinicalOjudgment—
theOdo:OJaneOusesOherOthinkingOtoOdevelopOandOcarryOoutOaO andOevaluatingOoutcomes.OHowever,OcriticalOthinkingOhelpsOyo
planOthatOusesOherOresourcesOandOprovidesOmoreOproductive uOthinkOaboutOtheOproblem:OWhatOisOit?OWhyOisOitOhappen-
Oing?OAndOclinicalOjudgmentOleadsOyouOtoOdoOsomethingOtoOma
OstudyOtimeOandOmoreOqualityOtimeOwithOherOkids.
nageOtheOproblem.
VOCABULARY
CUEO RECOGNITION
SampleOsentencesOwillOvaryOforOtheOVocabularyOproblems.
YouOwillOdoOmanyOthingsOforOeachOindividual,ObutOtheOFIRSTOthingOisOl
NursingO process istedObelow.
Definition:OAnOorganizingOframeworkOthatOlinksOthinkingOwith
OnursingOactions.OStepsOincludeOassessment/dataOcollection,
1. SitOtheOpatientOupright.
OnursingOdiagnosis,Oplanning,Oimplementation,OandOevaluatio 2. CallO911OwhileOrunningOacrossOtheOstreet.
n. 3. ElevateOtheOfeetOoffOtheObedObyOplacingOaOpillowOunderOthe
OcalvesOandOallowingOtheOfeetOtoOhangOoffOtheOedgeOofOtheO
CriticalOthinking pillow.
Definition:OTheOuseOofOthoseOcognitiveO(knowledge)OskillsOor 4. CheckObloodOglucoseOandOhaveOaOglucoseOsourceOready.
OstrategiesOthatOincreaseOtheOprobabilityOofOaOdesirableOoutc
5. TurnOtheOpatientOtoOtheOsideOtoOpreventOaspiration.
ome.OAlsoOinvolvesOreflection,Oproblem-
solving,OandOrelatedOthinkingOskills.
ClinicalOjudgment
Definition:OTheOobservedOoutcomeOofOcriticalOthinkingOandOdec
isionOmaking.OAOprocessOthatOusesOnursingOknowledge
,2 ChapterO1 Answers
CRITICALO THINKING
ThisOisOjustOoneOpossibleOwayOtoOcompleteOaOcognitiveOmap.
CouldOitObeOlow FrontalOare "Sick"O feeling Hard TylenolOhelps
AmO IO diabetic a HungerOmake
? s
bloodOsugar? itOworse
Patient's WhereOisOit Quality AggravatingO and
perception ? alleviating O factors
FoodO helps
Headache
UsefulO othe Severity Timing
r
data
SometimesO fee Mother Oi 7–8O onO 0– LastsO1– BeforeOmeal EarlyOinOth
l s 10 2Ohours s e
sickO toO stomac diabetic scale onceO starts morning
h
REVIEWO QUESTIONS takingOvitalOsigns;OdataOcollectionOisOtheOfirstOstepOinOtheO
nursingOprocess.O(2,O3,O4)OareOallOstepsOinOtheOnursingOpr
TheOcorrectOanswersOareOinOboldface.
ocess,OforOwhichOtheOregisteredOnurseOisOresponsible;OtheO
1. (2)OCriticalOthinkingOcanOleadOtoObetterOoutcomesOforOtheO LPN/LVNOmayOassistOtheOregisteredOnurseOwithOthese.ONi
patient.O(1,O3,O4)OmayObeOtrueObutOareOnotOtheObestOansw troglycerinOshouldOnotObeOadministeredOwithoutOfirstOknowi
er. ngOtheOpatient’sObloodOpressure.
2. (4)OisOcorrect.OTheOnurseOwhoOcanOadmitOtoOnotOknowin 7. (2)OindicatesOthatOtheOpatientOisOconcernedOaboutOfreedomO
gOsomethingOisOexhibitingOintellectualOhumility.O(1)OshowsO fromOinjuryOandOharm.O(1)OrelatesOtoObasicOneedsOsuchOasO
expertiseObutOnotOnecessarilyOintellectualOhumility; air,Ooxygen,OandOwater.O(3)OrelatesOtoOfeelingOloved.O(4)Oi
(2) reportingOanOerrorOshowsOintellectualOintegrity; sOrelatedOtoOhavingOpositiveOself-esteem.
(3) empathizingOisOpositiveObutOdoesOisOnotOevidenceO 8. (3,O1,O2,O4)OisOtheOcorrectOorderOaccordingOtoOMaslow.
ofOhumility. 9. (5,O2,O1,O4,O6,O3)OisOtheOcorrectOorder.
3. (3,O4,O5,O1,O2)OisOtheOcorrectOorder. 10. (3)OshowsOtheOpatientOisOactuallyOtakingOaction.O(1,O2,O4
4. (1)OisOtheObestOdefinition.O(2,O3,O4)OdoOnotOdefineOcritic )OareOallOpositiveObutOdoOnotOshowOintentOtoOtakeOaction.
alOthinkingObutOareOexamplesOofOgoodOthinking. 11. (4)OisOtheOnurse’sOanalysisOofOtheOsituation.O(1,O2)Oare
5. (4)OisOcorrect.OEvaluationOdeterminesOwhetherOgoalsOareOac Odata;O(3)OisOaOrecommendation.
hievedOandOinterventionsOeffective.O(2)OisOtheOroleOofOtheOph 12. (1,O2,O3,O4)OshouldObeOpresent.OSinceOtheOdataOprovide
ysician.O(1,O3)OencompassOdataOcollectionOandOimple- sOonlyOhipOreplacementOasOtheOpatient’sOproblem,O(5)Oth
Omentation,OwhichOareOearlierOstepsOinOtheOnursingOprocess. eOdietitianOisOnotOnecessary.
6. (1)OisOcorrect.OTheOlicensedOpracticalOnurse/licensedOvoca-
OtionalOnurseO(LPN/LVN)OcanOcollectOdata,OwhichOincludes
1
, Answers
CHAPTER 2 O EVIDENCE-BASEDO PRACTICE
EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE O 1. proof
2. context
AUDIOO CASEO STUDY 3. quality
4. care
MarieO andO Evidence-BasedO Practice 5. randomized
1. ThirdhandOsmokeOisOtheOdangerousOtoxinsOofOsmokeOthatOl 6. outcomes
ingerOonOhair,Oclothing,Ofurniture,OandOotherOsurfacesOinOa 7. gold
nOareaOafterOaOcigaretteOisOputOout.OMarieOlearnedOthatOe 8. nursing
xposureOtoOtheseOtoxinsOcanObeOneurotoxicOtoOchildrenOa 9. patient’s
ndOcanOtriggerOasthmaOattacksOinOsensitiveOpeople. 10. information
2. Evidence-
basedOpracticeOisOconsideredOtheOgoldOstandardOofOhealthOc CLINICALO JUDGMENT
are.
3. StepO1:OAskOtheOburningOquestion.OStepO2:OSearchOandO 1. ByOquestioningOtheOexistingOwayOofOdoingOthingsOtoOen
collectOtheOmostOrelevantOandObestOevidenceOavailable.OS sureOthatOtheOpatientOreceivesOtheObestOcareOpossible
tepO3:OThinkOcritically.OAppraiseOtheOevidenceOforOvalidi 2. AOthoroughOsearchOofOtheOliterature,OwithOtheOassistanceOofO
ty,OrelevanceOtoOtheOsituation,OandOapplicability. theOmedicalOlibrarian,OinOtheOareaOofOtheirOburningOques-
OtionOregardingOmusicOreducing OpreoperativeOanxiety.
StepO4:OMeasureOtheOoutcomesObeforeOandOafterOinstitutingOt
heOchange.OStepO5:OMakeOitOhappen.OStepO6:OEvaluateOtheO 3. CumulativeOIndexOtoONursingOandOAlliedOHealthOLiteratur
practiceOdecisionOorOchange. eO(CINAHL)ODatabase,OJoannaOBriggsOInstituteOevidence-
4. CombinationOtherapyOwithOaOnicotineOpatchOandOnicotineOlo basedOresources,OCochraneOReviews,OMedline/OPubMed
zengesOworkedObest,OalthoughObupropionO(Zyban)OorOvareni 4. MeasureOpatientOoutcomesObeforeOinstitutingOtheOevidence
clineO(Chantix)OandOnicotineOlozengesOworkedOwell,Otoo.OAO -
CochraneOReviewOfoundOthatOadviceOandOsupportOfromOnurs basedOchangeOinOpracticeOsoOcomparisonsOcanObeOmadeOaft
ingOstaffOcanOincreaseOpatients’OsuccessOinOquit- erOimplementationOtoOdetermineOifOtheOinter-
OtingOsmoking,Oespecially OinOaOhospitalOsetting. OventionOworked
5. EvaluateOtheOresultsOtoOdetermineOwhetherOtheOchangeO
VOCABULARY madeOaOsignificantOdifferenceOandOifOitOwasOvaluableOinOt
ermsOofOcostOandOtime
SampleOsentencesOwillOvaryOforOtheOVocabularyOproblems.
1. Evidence- REVIEWO QUESTIONS
basedOpractice:OAOsystematicOprocessOthatOusesOcurrentOevid TheOcorrectOanswersOareOinOboldface.
enceOinOmakingOdecisionsOaboutOpatientOcare.
2. Evidence- 1. (3)OisOcorrect.OProvidingOanOexplanationOofOwhyOsome-
informedOpractice:OConsiderationOofOpatientOfactorsOalongOw OthingOisOdone OpromotesOtheOunderstanding OforOwhyOitOis
ithOtheOuseOofOevidenceOforOsharedOdecisionOmakingObetween OimportantOtoObeOdoneOandOthereforeOwillOmoreOlikelyOb
OtheOhealth-careOproviderOandOtheOpatient. eOdone.O(1,O2,O4)OonlyOcommunicateOtheOneedOtoOperfor
3. RandomizedOcontrolledOtrials:OTrueOexperimentalOstudiesOin mOaOtask.OTheyOdoOnotOprovideOrationaleOforOtheOtaskOtoO
OwhichOasOmanyOfactorsOasOpossibleOthatOcouldOfalselyOchan
pro-OmoteOunderstandingOofOtheOimportanceOofOtheOtask.
geOtheOresultsOareOcontrolled. 2. (3)OisOcorrect.OEvidence-
4. Research:OScientificOstudy,Oinvestigation,OorOexperimenta- basedOnursingOcareOthatOhasObeenOevaluatedOasOappropriateOf
OtionOtoOestablishOfactsOandOanalyzeOtheirOsignificance.
orOanOagencyOprovidesOtheObestOandOsafestOpatientOcare.O(1)
OOpinionsOmayOnotObeObasedOon
5. SystematicOreview:OAOreviewOofOrelevantOresearchOusingOg
uidelines.
,2 ChapterO2 Answers
evidence.O(2)OSpecificOevidence-basedOnursingOinterven- 6. (1,O3,O4,O5,O6)OareOallOindependentOnursingOinterventions
OtionsOwillOnotObeOfoundOinOorientationOpoliciesOthatOfamil- ObecauseOnoOhealth-careOprovider’sOorderOisOrequired.
OiarizeOtheOorienteeOwithOtheOorganization.O(4)OAOnursing O (2)OisOaOdependentOfunctionObecauseOitOrequiresOaOhealth-
program’sOcontentOhasOnotObeenOevaluatedObyOtheOhealth- OcareOprovider’sOorder.
OcareOagencyOforOitsOfeasibilityOforOtheOagency’sOpatients,Ow
7. (4,O6)OrepresentOLevelOIOresearch.O(1,O2,O3,O5)OareOn
hichOisOaOstepOinOtheOevidence-basedOpracticeOprocess. otOsystematicOreviewsOorOmoreOthanOthreeOrandomized
3. (2)OisOcorrect.OJoannaOBriggsOInstituteOevidence- OcontrolledOtrialsOofOgoodOqualityOwithOsimilarOresults.
basedOresourceOisOdedicatedOtoOidentifyingOvalidOnursingOe 8. (1,O3,O5,O6)OareOcorrectObecauseOtheOevidence-basedOprac-
vidence.O(1,O3,O4)OdoOnotOreflectOtheOhighestOlevelsOofOev OticeOprocessOinvolvesO“ASKMME”:Oask,Osearch,Othink,Ome
idence,OsoOtheyOareOnotOconsideredOtheObestOsourcesOofOev asure,OmakeOitOhappen,OandOevaluate.O(2,O4)OareOnotOstep
idence. sOinOtheOprocess.
4. (4)OisOcorrect.OTheOproposedOchangeOwillOneedOtoOgoOthr 9. (1,O2,O5,O6)OareOcorrect.OResearchOsupportsOtheyOareObest
oughOtheOpolicyOandOprocedureOcommitteeOforOevalu- OpracticeOforOoralOcare.O(3,O4)OareOnotObestOpracticeOforOo
OationOforOfeasibilityOofOusingOitOatOtheOagency.O(1,O2,O3)O
ralOcare.OTheyOdoOnotOremoveOplaqueOandOonlyOfreshenOth
doOnotOfollowOappropriateOprotocolsOforOtheOevidence- eOmouth.
basedOpracticeOprocess. 10. (4)OisOcorrect.OTheOsearchOshouldObeOnarrowedOtoOinclude
5. (1)OSystematicOreviewsOofOrandomizedOcontrolledOtrialsOar OkeywordsOofOtheOfocusOofOtheOquestion.O(1,O2,O3)OdoOnot
eOtheObestOplaceOtoOlookOforOevidence.O(2,O3,O4)OareOnot OnarrowOtheOsearchOinOorderOtoOfocusOonlyOonOtheOquesti
OLevelOIOsourcesOofOevidence.
onObeingOasked.
1
, Answers
CHAPTER 3 O REVIEWO QUESTIONS
ISSUES IN NURSING PRACTICE
O O O TheOcorrectOanswersOareOinOboldface.
1. (1,O3,O4,O5,O6)OareOcorrect.OHuman-
AUDIOO CASEO STUDY traffickingOawarenessOrequiresOvigilanceObyOeveryone.ORoboti
cOuse,OsuchOasOinOsurgeryOorOtoOdisinfectOpatientOareas,OisOi
JimO andO theO Health-CareO System ncreasing.OTheOolderOadultOpopulationOisOgrowingOandOwillO
1. TheOuseOofOinformationOtechnologyOinOnursingOpractice requireOmoreOcomplexOhealthOcare.OMultidrug-
2. Ambulation,OteachingOlegOexercisesOtoOpreventObloodOclots resistantOinfectiousOorganismsOprovideOchallengesOandOresearc
,OandOusingOsterileOtechniqueOtoOpreventOsurgicalOsiteOinfect hOopportunities.OTelehealthOuseOisOincreasingOviaOsmartphones
ions ,Oapps,Otablets,OremoteOpatientOmonitoring,OandOonlineOvideoO
3. ToOavoidOviolatingOtheOHealthOInsuranceOPortabilityOandOA conferencing.
ccountabilityOActO(HIPAA) (2)OTheOincreaseOinOculturalOdiversityOrequiresOcareOtoOmeetOall
OculturalOneeds.
VOCABULARY 2. (1,O2,O3,O5,O6)OareOcorrect.OAssessmentOofOconditionsOpres
-
SampleOsentencesOwillOvaryOforOtheOVocabularyOproblems. OentOonOadmissionOandOallOcareOandOeducationOtoOpreventOc
1.O(3) omplications,OincludingOpatientOrefusalOtoOparticipate,Omust
2.O(1) O beO documentedO duringO hospitalizationO toO ensureOtheOagen
3.O(4) cyOisOpaidOforOcareOforOaOsecondaryOdiagnosis.
4.O(2) (4)OEncouragementOtoOparticipateOinOpreventiveOinter-
5.O(8) OventionsOshouldObeOdone.OItOshouldOnotObeOpresentedOa
6.O(5) sOoptionalOforOtheOpatients’Osafety.
7.O(6) 3. (4,O5,O6)OareOcorrect.OAmbulatingOaOpatient,Oadminister-
8.O(7) OingOmedications,OandOobtainingOvitalOsignsOareOwithinOth
9.O(10) eOLPN/LVN’sOscopeOofOpractice.O(1,O3)OAssessingOandOde
10.O(9) velopingOtheOplanOofOcareOareOwithinOtheORN’sOscopeOofO
practice.O(2)ODelegationOdoesOnotOoccurOupOtheOsuper-
NURSINGO PRACTICEO ANDO ETHICALOANDOLE OvisionOlineOtoOanORN;OitOoccursOdownwardOtoOassistiveOp
GALOPRINCIPLES ersonnel.
4. (3)OisOcorrect.OUponOpresentationOofOanOidea,OanOautocratic
1. abbreviations,Oconfused,Ocrushing,Olong-term,Otall
OleaderOwillOmake OaOdecisionOusingOtheirOownOknowledge.O(
2. state,Oprotect,Oquality 1,O2,O4)OAutocraticOleadersOdoOnotOseekOinputOtoOmakeOde
3. Veracity cisions.
4. beneficence,Ofidelity,Ojustice 5. (2)OisOcorrect.OLPNs/LVNsOconsultOwithORNsOinOcaringOforO
5. knowledgeable,Orole,Ohumor,Orespect theirOpatients.O(1,O3,O4)OConductingOinterviews,OevaluatingO
otherOstaff,OandOsupervisingOprofessionalOstaffOareOnotOwithi
VALUESO CLARIFICATION nOanOLPN/LVN’sOjobOdescription.
ThereOareOnoOcorrectOanswersOtoOthisOsection.OThisOisOanOexerciseOre 6. (2)OisOcorrect.OBecauseOtheOpatientOisOanOadult,OtheOnurseOa
quiringOpersonalOresponses. ctsOonOfidelityOandOprotectsOtheOpatient’sOpersonalOhealthOin
formation.O(1)OTheOonlyOpersonOwhoOcanOinformOtheOmoth
CLINICALO JUDGMENT erOisOtheOadultOpatient.O(3,O4)OTheOnurseOdoesOnotOpro-
OvideOfalse OinformationOtoOtheOmotherOandOtellsOtheOmother
ThereOareOnoOcorrectOanswersOtoOthisOsection.OThisOisOanOethicalOexercise OtoOtalkOtoOherOchild,OwhoOcanOdecideOhowOtoOanswerOthe
OthatOhasOmanyOchoicesOtoObeOconsideredOforOtheObestOoutcomeOforOtheOp Omother’sOquestions.
atient. 7. (4)OisOcorrect.OWhenOpatientsOrefuseOtreatment,OitOcanObe
OaOdilemmaOrelatedOtoOlifeOandOdeath.OHowever,OifOpatient
sOareOgivenOcorrectOinformationOandOunderstandOthe
