Ways of thinking that affects our emotions, behaviors and how we categorize info - ✔✔Thinking
Styles
tendency to make systematic errors when processing information - ✔✔Cognitive Biases
Occurs when we assume commonality of similar appearance, results in neglect of other relevant info -
✔✔Representative Biases
The tendency to see behavior as a product of the actor's dispositions and to ignore important
situational determinants. - ✔✔Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE)/ Correspondence Bias
Western, Field Independent, Attend to focal objects and specific details in isolation from the field in
cause and effect, linear and sequential frame. The world is a line. Prefer logical arguments excludes
the middle between being and non being. Polarized (black/white, right/wrong) - ✔✔Analytical
Thinking
Eastern, Field Dependent, Perceive events holistically attend to larger context assume a coherent
whole with interdependence between parts. The world is a circle. Dialectal thinking, tendency
towards acceptance of contradiction. Acceptance of grey areas, the middle way. - ✔✔Holistic Thinking
Members are prepared to fight or even to kill
to defend their reputations as honorable men. Why? Traditionally herding economy Vulnerability to
loss Sensitivity to insults The state is too weak or nonexistent
to prevent or punish theft of property
Tough exterior serves as a deterrent - ✔✔Culture of Honor
Poverty and inequality Historically low pop density; less government
presence
Final Exam ICC questions with correct answers
, Legacy of slavery Warmer temperature
Culture of honor? - ✔✔Reason for South Violence
Combines language and non-verbal communication Meta message that contextualizes how listeners
are
expected to receive and interpret messages - ✔✔Communication Styles
Low vs. High context communication
Direct vs. Indirect communication Elaborate vs. Understated communication Self enhancement vs. self
effacement (humbling)
communication - ✔✔Verbal Communication Styles
the degree to which individuals rely on
explicit speech rather than contextual factors to convey or interpret meaning in verbal messages
Clear Explicit Specific Direct - ✔✔Low Context Communication
the degree to which individuals rely on
contextual factors rather than explicit speech to convey or interpret meaning in verbal messages -
✔✔High Context Communication
Messages reveal the speakers true intentions wants opinions needs and desires - ✔✔Direct Style
Verbal style used to camouflage true intentions, opinions, want, needs and desires - ✔✔Indirect Style
Involves the use of rich expressive language in everyday talk. Impulsive thinking - ✔✔Elaborate Style
Promote self ego, highlight own ability and accomplishments. Parenting style based on
encouragements - ✔✔Self Enhancement Style
Final Exam ICC questions with correct answers
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