Biodiversity: Understanding the Variety of Life on Earth
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Course
Biology
Institution
11th Grade
This document provides a detailed yet simplified overview of the Biodiversity unit for Grade 11 Biology. It covers key topics such as the levels of biodiversity, the classification of living organisms, taxonomy, and the significance of biodiversity. The document also discusses threats to biodiversi...
• Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including all the different species of
plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, as well as the ecosystems they form.
• It’s important because it keeps ecosystems stable, supports food chains, and provides
resources like medicine and food.
Levels of Biodiversity
1. Genetic Diversity: The variety of genes within a species. Example: Different breeds of
dogs.
2. Species Diversity: The variety of species in an ecosystem. Example: A rainforest has
birds, monkeys, insects, and trees.
3. Ecosystem Diversity: The variety of ecosystems in an area. Example: Forests, deserts,
oceans, and grasslands.
Classification of Living Things
• Scientists classify organisms to better understand their relationships and organize them
into groups.
• Taxonomy: The science of naming and classifying organisms.
o Categories (from broad to specific): Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order,
Family, Genus, Species.
o Mnemonic: "Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup."
The Three Domains of Life
1. Bacteria: Single-celled organisms without a nucleus. Example: E. coli.
2. Archaea: Single-celled organisms that live in extreme environments. Example:
Thermophiles.
3. Eukarya: Organisms with cells that have a nucleus. Example: Humans, plants, fungi.
The Six Kingdoms
1. Animalia: Multicellular, no cell walls, heterotrophs (eat other organisms). Example:
Lions.
2. Plantae: Multicellular, have cell walls, autotrophs (make their own food). Example:
Trees.
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