Psychologische modellen van hulpverlening (H001347A)
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Samenvatting Psychologische modellen in de hulpverlening
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Psychologische modellen van hulpverlening (H001347A)
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Universiteit Gent (UGent)
In deze samenvatting staan alle lessen grondig samengevat. de belangrijkste namen staan in het groen aangeduid zodat deze makkelijk terug te vinden zijn. het is een openboekexamen dus er staat een heel duidelijk ene grondige inhoudstafel in om je op het examen rap te situeren over een bepaald onder...
Psychologische modellen van hulpverlening (H001347A)
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PSYCHOLOGISCHE MODELLEN VAN
HULPVERLENING
Noor Desutter
PMVH 2023-2024
,Samenvatting PMHV Noor Desutter (2023-2024)
INHOUDSOPGAVE
Gedragstherapie........................................................................................................................................................... 5
Hoofstuk 1: inleiding ........................................................................................................................................................ 5
Empirically supported treatments (ESTS) ................................................................................................................... 5
Bedenkingen van ESTs ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Therapeutische relatie-factoren ................................................................................................................................. 6
Modernisme en postmodernisme .............................................................................................................................. 7
Modernisme ........................................................................................................................................................... 7
Positivisme ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
Postmodernisme ..................................................................................................................................................... 8
Postmodernisme en psychotherapie ..................................................................................................................... 10
Evidence based ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Onderzoekskader praktijkgericht onderzoek ........................................................................................................ 11
Besluit ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Hoofdstuk 2: grondslagen van de gedragstherapie ....................................................................................................... 13
definitie ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Leermodel ................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Kenmerken van gedragstherapie .............................................................................................................................. 13
Gedragstherapie en psychopathology ...................................................................................................................... 15
Persoonlijkheid binnen het cognitief gedragstherapeutisch kader .......................................................................... 15
the many waves of CBT ............................................................................................................................................. 16
Klinische conceptualisatie: van leertheorie naar cognitieve gedragstherapie ......................................................... 18
Hoofdstuk 3: Uitgangspunten en kernprincipes van het dynamische diagnostische procesmodel (DDPM):................. 19
Exploratie fase: ......................................................................................................................................................... 19
De cliënt en zijn context: ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Inventarisatie van klachten en probleemgebieden ............................................................................................. 20
Concretisering van de aanmeldingsklacht ........................................................................................................... 20
De hulpvraag ........................................................................................................................................................ 20
Ontwikkelignsgeschiedenis .................................................................................................................................. 21
Betrekken van de context .................................................................................................................................... 21
Taxatie fase: .............................................................................................................................................................. 22
Essentiële factoren van taxatie ............................................................................................................................ 22
Kiezen voor de korte route .................................................................................................................................. 23
ordenen van probleemselectie ............................................................................................................................ 23
kiezen voor de ‘lange’ route ................................................................................................................................ 24
globaal proces model ........................................................................................................................................... 24
Analyse fase: ............................................................................................................................................................. 25
Vragenlijsten en semi-gestructureerde interviews: ............................................................................................. 26
Gepersonaliseerde registratie/ metingen ............................................................................................................ 26
Topografische analyse .......................................................................................................................................... 27
Observatie: ........................................................................................................................................................... 27
Gedragstherapeutische analyse ........................................................................................................................... 28
Betekenisanalyse.................................................................................................................................................. 29
het kernproces ..................................................................................................................................................... 37
hoofdstuk 4: opstellen van een behandelplan ............................................................................................................... 38
Doelen formuleren.................................................................................................................................................... 38
SmART formuleren van doelen ............................................................................................................................ 38
Interventies koppelen aan doelen ............................................................................................................................ 38
Samenwerking en de therapeutische relatie binnen de CBT .................................................................................... 39
therapeutische relatie .......................................................................................................................................... 39
Belang van de therapeutische relatie .................................................................................................................. 39
Belang van een goede casusconceptualisatie ...................................................................................................... 40
weerstand en ambivalentie.................................................................................................................................. 40
1
,Samenvatting PMHV Noor Desutter (2023-2024)
Overdracht en tegenoverdracht .......................................................................................................................... 40
Wat bij moeilijkheden in de therapeutische relatie? ........................................................................................... 41
Overzicht behandeltechnieken ................................................................................................................................. 41
the many waves of cbt ......................................................................................................................................... 41
Evaluatie binnen dynamisch diagnostisch procesmodel .......................................................................................... 49
waarom therapeuten geen systematuscge metingen doen ................................................................................ 50
Systematische evaluatie ....................................................................................................................................... 50
Systeemtherapie .........................................................................................................................................................51
inleidende beschouwing (handboek) ............................................................................................................................. 51
Spanningsvelden: ...................................................................................................................................................... 51
4 grote stromingen (handboek) ................................................................................................................................ 51
Onderzoek naar psychotherapie welke factoren zorgen voor verandering? ........................................................... 52
Uitkomstenonderzoek: werkt (deze) therapie? ........................................................................................................ 52
Procesonderzoek ...................................................................................................................................................... 53
De werkalliantie (belangrijk aspect van psychotherapie) .............................................................................................. 53
Het normatieve kader van Alan Carr ........................................................................................................................ 53
Aabevelingen binnen het normatieve kader van Carr .............................................................................................. 54
Therapeutische positionering ................................................................................................................................... 55
Een continuüm van zorgopvatting ............................................................................................................................ 56
Het pionierswerk van H.S. Sullivan ................................................................................................................................ 58
Biografie en achtergrondinfo van Sullivan ................................................................................................................ 58
Ervaringen in psychiatrische ziekenhuizen ............................................................................................................... 59
Belang ....................................................................................................................................................................... 59
Opvattingen over interpersoonlijke relaties ............................................................................................................. 60
Belangrijke theoretische aspecten............................................................................................................................ 61
Angst .................................................................................................................................................................... 61
Veiligheid.............................................................................................................................................................. 61
Participant obeservation ...................................................................................................................................... 62
Parataxische vertekeningen ................................................................................................................................. 63
Consensual validation .......................................................................................................................................... 64
Het postulaat van de ene soort ............................................................................................................................ 65
Methodische opmerkingen ....................................................................................................................................... 66
Wat betekent dit alles voor psychotherapie? ........................................................................................................... 66
Systeemtheorie en cybernetica ...................................................................................................................................... 69
Concepten uit de systeemtheorie en cybernetica .................................................................................................... 69
Soorten systemen: ............................................................................................................................................... 69
Algemene systeemtheorie ................................................................................................................................... 69
Verschillende systeemniveaus en emergente eigenschappen ............................................................................ 71
Redundantie (overvloed) of patronen ................................................................................................................. 71
Valkuilen ............................................................................................................................................................... 72
Intruductie systeemtheorie en cybernetica in de psychologie en psychotherapie ............................................. 73
Toepassingen in de systeemtherapie en gezinstherapie .......................................................................................... 74
Minuchin .............................................................................................................................................................. 74
Overgang van structuralisme naar poststructualisme (Anderson & Goolishian) ................................................. 80
De dialogische benadering van gezinstherapie (Peter Rober) ............................................................................. 81
Narratieve praktijken (Michael White) ................................................................................................................ 83
Client-centered psychotherapie en emotion-focused therapy .....................................................................................85
Evolutie in Cliëntgerichte therapie/ EFT......................................................................................................................... 85
Therapietheorie of tationale in CCT .......................................................................................................................... 86
Een differentieel behandelaanbod ........................................................................................................................... 86
Cliëntgerichte experiëntiële therapie ....................................................................................................................... 87
Indicatie .................................................................................................................................................................... 88
2
, Samenvatting PMHV Noor Desutter (2023-2024)
Ouderbegeleiding ..................................................................................................................................................... 88
Kernprincipe: emotionele beleving ................................................................................................................................ 88
het doel van cliëntgerichte therapie ......................................................................................................................... 89
De wijsheid van je lichaam ........................................................................................................................................ 90
Therapeutische middelen ......................................................................................................................................... 90
Empathie als therapeutisch instrument ......................................................................................................................... 91
De kunst van het luisteren ........................................................................................................................................ 91
ontwikkelingen in het concept empathie ................................................................................................................. 91
Procesempathie of communicatieve afstemming ............................................................................................... 92
Waar EFT therapeuten op letten (casus) ....................................................................................................................... 93
Waarom is dit kind/ dit gezin nu hier ....................................................................................................................... 93
Pijnkompas................................................................................................................................................................ 94
Wat is de emotionle verwerkingsstijl........................................................................................................................ 94
Interne emotionele organisatie ................................................................................................................................ 94
Emotionele transformatie ......................................................................................................................................... 94
Case formulation narratief/ behandelplan ............................................................................................................... 94
Verdere procesdirectieven tijdens therapie ............................................................................................................. 95
Gerevitaliseerd narratief ........................................................................................................................................... 95
Het specifieke aan kinder-en jongerentherapeuten ...................................................................................................... 95
speltherapie .............................................................................................................................................................. 95
Emotion Focused Therapy (EFT) ..................................................................................................................................... 96
uitgangspunten ......................................................................................................................................................... 96
Waarom emoties belangrijk zijn: emoties zijn fundamenteel adaptief… ................................................................. 96
de natuur van emoties .............................................................................................................................................. 96
3 manieren van vastlopen in emoties ....................................................................................................................... 97
Veranderingspricnipes bij het werken van emoties ................................................................................................. 97
4 soorten emoties ..................................................................................................................................................... 98
Veranderingsprincipes bij het bewerken van emoties ............................................................................................. 98
Emotieschema .......................................................................................................................................................... 99
PROCESS EXPERIËNTIËLE TAKENKAART .................................................................................................................. 101
ERVARINGSTAAK: FOCUSING ....................................................................................................................................... 103
Focusing tijdens het explicatieproces: .................................................................................................................... 103
3 kernaspecten van focusing: ................................................................................................................................. 103
8 stappen van focusing ........................................................................................................................................... 104
De 4 vaardigheden van focusing ............................................................................................................................. 104
Bij kinderen: vereenvoudigd model ........................................................................................................................ 104
Focusing met kinderen en adolescenten ................................................................................................................ 105
Wat kinderen leren door focusing .......................................................................................................................... 105
Psychodynamisch denkkader ....................................................................................................................................106
Psychodynamisch what’s in a name?...................................................................................................................... 106
Doelstelling .................................................................................................................................................................. 106
Modellen, achtergrond, theorie van het psychodynamisch kader ............................................................................... 107
Psychodynamische psychotherapie ........................................................................................................................ 107
klassieke psychoanalyse ......................................................................................................................................... 107
Symptoom als taal: hysterie ............................................................................................................................... 108
Sigmund Freud: Intra psychisch leven is dynamisch verbonden ........................................................................ 108
Motivatie therie – S. Freud ................................................................................................................................ 108
Drifttheorie – S. Freud........................................................................................................................................ 109
Conflicttheorie – S. Freud .................................................................................................................................. 109
Ontwikkeling van verlangen en angst ................................................................................................................ 109
Ontwikkeling van ego en van verdediging tegen angst...................................................................................... 110
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