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Politiestudies samenvatting
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Politiestudies ....................................................................................................................................10Praktische informatie .....................................................................................................................10
Les 1: .............................................................................................................................................11
1. De maatschappelijke opdracht van de politie (boek h3) .............................................................11
1.1 Police vs Policing ...............................................................................................................11
1.2 Defund the police: geef ze geen macht, geef ze geen wapen, trek ze los van de maatschappij .12
1.3 Maatschappelijke opdracht van de politie als terugkerend vraagstuk ....................................12
1.4 paradoxen of tegenstellingen? Tegengestelde eisen .............................................................13
1.5 Identiteit van de politie: ......................................................................................................13
1.6 de 4 dimensies van de politie: .............................................................................................13
Les 2: .............................................................................................................................................15
2. Geschiedenis van de politie .....................................................................................................15
2.1 Ter inleiding .......................................................................................................................15
2.2 De Franse en Nederlandse tijd (voor 1830) ...........................................................................15
2.3 Tweedeling (1795) ..............................................................................................................16
2.4 De nederlandse Tijd (voor 1630) ..........................................................................................17
2.5 De Belgische politiediensten bij de onafhankelijkheid van België in 1830 ...............................18
2.6 Politie van de miserie 1870-1914 .........................................................................................20
2.7 Oprichting Gerechtelijke politie (examen: schets mij de gerechtelijke politie) ........................22
2.8 1942 ..................................................................................................................................23
2.9 Van een koude oorlog naar een politieoorlog .......................................................................24
2.9.1 Rijkswacht ..................................................................................................................24
2.9.2 De zaak Lahaut ............................................................................................................25
2.9.3 Les Trente Glorieuses ..................................................................................................25
2.9.4 Vanaf jaren ‘60 de weg naar een concurrentieel politiebestel .........................................26
2.9.5 Schandalen rond politieke inlichtingen .........................................................................27
2.9.6 Schandaal: De zaak Francois ........................................................................................27
Les 3: .............................................................................................................................................28
3. De weg naar een nieuwe politiebestel 1988-1998 (deel 1) ..........................................................28
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, 3.1 Miserie van de politie: .........................................................................................................28
3.2 De 3 Politiediensten: ..........................................................................................................28
3.3 Eerste maatregelen regering Martens VII: .............................................................................29
3.4 Politie wordt een politiek probleem: (Examenvraag!!) ...........................................................29
3.5 ‘Het Pinksterplan’: .............................................................................................................29
3.6 Het begin van een wending: ................................................................................................30
3.6.1 Demilitarisering/civilisering van de rijkswacht (1991) .....................................................31
3.7 Herwaardering van de gemeentepolitie ...............................................................................32
3.8 Vijfhoeksoverleg ................................................................................................................33
Les 4 ..............................................................................................................................................33
3.9 Eén wet op politiefunctie ....................................................................................................33
3.10 Herstructurering van de GPP .............................................................................................34
3.11 Wet op de Staatsveiligheid ................................................................................................34
3.12 Controle op politie- en inlichtingendiensten.......................................................................34
3.13 Creëren gemeenschappelijke diensten..............................................................................34
3.14 Interpolitiezones ..............................................................................................................35
3.15 Dutroux loopt in het bos 1998: ..........................................................................................36
3.16 Het octopusakkoord 1998:................................................................................................36
4. De Belgische politiestructuur ..................................................................................................38
4.1 Meerdere politiekorpsen, één politionele dienstverlening, Artikel 3, Wet op de Geïtegreerde
Politie .....................................................................................................................................38
4.2 De Belgische staat: ............................................................................................................38
4.3 Scheiding der machten: ......................................................................................................38
4.4 Functionele band, geen hiërarchische: ................................................................................41
4.4.1 De lokale politie ...........................................................................................................41
Les 5 ..............................................................................................................................................42
4.5 Taken Lokale politie ...........................................................................................................42
4.5.1 Bestuurlijk versus gerechtelijk .....................................................................................43
4.5.2 Basisfunctionalieiten (PLP 10) ......................................................................................44
4.5.2 Opdrachten van federale aard ......................................................................................44
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, 4.6 Wie stuurt de lokale politie? ...............................................................................................45
4.6.1 Rol korpschef .............................................................................................................45
4.6.2 Rol burgemeester ........................................................................................................46
4.6.3 Politiecollege ..............................................................................................................47
4.6.4 Politieraad/Gemeenteraad ...........................................................................................47
4.6.5 Gemeenteraad ............................................................................................................47
4.6.6 Procureur des Konings .................................................................................................47
4.6.7 onderzoeksrechter .......................................................................................................48
4.7 Overlegorganen .................................................................................................................48
4.7.1 De Zonale veiligheidsraad ............................................................................................48
4.7.2 Lokale Integrale Veiligheidscel versus Lokale taskforce .................................................49
4.7.3 Organisatie..................................................................................................................49
4.8 Vaste Commissie voor de Lokale Politie (VCLP) ...................................................................50
4.8.1 De federale politie .......................................................................................................50
4.9 Structuur ...........................................................................................................................50
4.10 Taken en bevoegdheden Federale Politie ...........................................................................53
4.11 Specialiteit en subsidiariteit ..............................................................................................53
4.12 Taken federale centrale directies ......................................................................................53
4.12.1 De gedeconcentreerde eenheden ...............................................................................54
4.12.2 Diensten gedeconcentreerde gerechtelijke eenheden (FGP) .........................................54
4.12.3 Taken gedeconcentreerde gerechtelijke eenheden (FGP) .............................................54
4.12.4 Diensten gedeconcentreerde bestuurlijke eenheden (CSD’s) .......................................55
4.13 Sturing .............................................................................................................................56
4.14 Gezag ..............................................................................................................................56
4.16 Rol Commissaris-generaal ...............................................................................................56
4.17 De bevoegdheden van de algemene directies: DGA-DGJ-DGR.............................................57
4.18 Gedeconcentreerde eenheden – De leiding op gedeconcentreerd niveau ............................58
4.19 Bestuurlijk Directuer (DirCo) .............................................................................................58
Les 6 ..............................................................................................................................................60
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, 4.20 Gerechtelijke directeur (DirJud) .........................................................................................60
4.21 Het arrondissementeel recherche-overleg (ARRO) .............................................................60
4.22 Een bijzonder recherche-overleg: LTF ................................................................................60
4.22. Geïntegreerde werking.....................................................................................................61
4.23 Wat zorgt voor eenheid ?...................................................................................................61
4.24 Kaders & Graden ..............................................................................................................62
4.25 Beleidsafstemming ..........................................................................................................62
4.25.1 Gemeenschapsgerichte politiezorg .............................................................................62
5. Politiemodellen of politiemodes ...............................................................................................63
5.1 Van politieonderzoek naar politiemodellen ..........................................................................64
5.2 Verschillende politiemodellen ............................................................................................64
5.2.1 Professioneel misdaadmodel .......................................................................................66
5.2.2 Kenmerken professioneel misdaadmodel .....................................................................67
5.2.3 Community Oriented Policing .......................................................................................67
5.2.4 COP in België...............................................................................................................69
5.3 Evolutie politiemodellen .....................................................................................................72
5.3.1 Problem oriented policing (POP) ...................................................................................72
5.3.2 Zero tolerance policing.................................................................................................72
5.3.3 Militarisering van de politie ...........................................................................................72
Les 7 (gastcollege) ..........................................................................................................................72
6. Bestuurlijke politiezorg ............................................................................................................72
6.1 PZ Zennevallei ...................................................................................................................72
6.1.1 Interventiedienst .........................................................................................................73
6.1.2 Troeven van de zone.....................................................................................................73
6.1.3 Profielen/taakaccenten ................................................................................................73
6.2 Bestuurlijke politie .............................................................................................................74
6.2.1 Inleiding ......................................................................................................................74
6.2.2 Historische wortels van het onderscheid tussen bestuurlijke en gerechtelijke politie .......74
6.2.2.1 Een ‘revolutionaire’ politie .....................................................................................74
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