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samenvatting - Histologie van receptoren, reukorgaan en smaakorgaan
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Samenvatting van 11 pagina's voor het vak Zenuwstelsel en zintuigen aan de UGent (gebaseerd op les)
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HISTOLOGIE VAN RECEPTOREN,REUKORGAAN EN SMAAKORGAAN
EXTERORECEPTOREN
Exteroreceptoren: zijn gevoelig aan prikkels die van buitenaf komen
• Mechanoreceptoren
o Aanraking (tastzin)
o Druk
o Vibraties
• Thermoreceptoren
o Warmte
o Koud
• Pijn- (nociceptoren) en jeukreceptoren
Receptie van prikkels kan door
• Vrije zenuwuiteinden: niet-omkapselde sensibele zenuwuiteinden
• Gespecialiseerde eindlichaampjes: omkapselmde sensibele zenuwuiteinden
VRIJE ZENUWUITEINDEN
• Meest voorkomende sensibele uiteinden
• Overal, maar vooral huid
o Pulp van tand → tandpijn
o Meningen → hoofdpijn
o Mucosa → pijn bij maagmucus
o NIET in hersenen!
• Eindigen op kleine knomvormige verbreding
• Thermo-, noch en jeukreceptoren = vrije ezenuwuiteinde
• Vrije zenuwuiteinden rond haarfollikel = mechanoreceptor
• Merkel-schijf = mechanoreceptor
o Fijne tast en discriminatiezin
, MERKEL-SCHIJF: OP BEHAARDE EN NIET-BEHAARDE HUID
2 delen Merkel-schijf
• Merkelcel
o Tussen basale cellen epiderm
§ Door desmosomen eraan vast
o Vesikeltjes met neurotransmitter
§ Mechanische prikkel → degranulatie cellen → prikkeling zenuwvezel
• Bladvormige uitstulping van zenuwvezels
o Afferente zenuwvezels maken synaptische contact met Merkelcel
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