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Test Bank For Physical Examination and
Health Assessment - 9th Edition
Authors :
Carolyn Jarvis & Ann L. Eckhardt
,Chapter 1. Evidence-Based Assessment
1. Which of the following is the primary goal of evidence-based assessment in the clinical
setting?
a) To ensure a standard set of assessments for all patients
b) To improve patient care through the use of research and best practices
c) To avoid biases in clinical decision-making
d) To reduce the number of tests conducted on patients
Answer: b) To improve patient care through the use of research and best practices
Rationale: Evidence-based assessment is focused on utilizing research and current best practices
to enhance the quality of patient care. This approach ensures that decisions made during
assessments are informed by the best available evidence.
DIF: Application
TOP: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MSC: Knowledge
2. The nurse is conducting an assessment of a patient who is undergoing a routine check-up.
Which of the following actions demonstrates evidence-based practice?
a) Using traditional assessment methods that have been used for years
b) Incorporating research findings into the physical exam
c) Relying solely on patient self-report for diagnosis
d) Avoiding new diagnostic tools that may have high costs
Answer: b) Incorporating research findings into the physical exam
Rationale: Evidence-based practice involves integrating research findings into clinical decision-
making to improve patient outcomes. The nurse should incorporate the latest evidence into their
assessment and care plans.
DIF: Application
TOP: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MSC: Knowledge
3. What is the most appropriate action when performing an assessment on a patient who is
from a different cultural background?
a) Assume the patient will be uncomfortable with certain physical exams
b) Stick to a rigid set of assessment procedures without modification
c) Adapt the assessment process to respect the patient’s cultural values and preferences
d) Disregard cultural differences in order to focus solely on clinical signs and symptoms
Answer: c) Adapt the assessment process to respect the patient’s cultural values and
preferences
Rationale: It is essential to consider cultural factors when performing assessments to ensure
,respect for the patient’s values, beliefs, and preferences. This adaptation can improve the quality
of care and the accuracy of the assessment.
DIF: Application
TOP: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MSC: Knowledge
4. When documenting the findings of a physical assessment, which of the following is an
example of subjective data?
a) Blood pressure reading of 130/80 mmHg
b) Patient reports pain rating of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10
c) Temperature of 98.6°F
d) Abnormal lung sounds detected on auscultation
Answer: b) Patient reports pain rating of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10
Rationale: Subjective data refers to information provided by the patient based on their own
feelings, perceptions, and experiences, such as pain levels. Objective data refers to measurable
facts like vital signs or physical examination findings.
DIF: Knowledge
TOP: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MSC: Knowledge
5. A nurse is assessing a 65-year-old male patient and notices that his skin is dry, wrinkled,
and slightly less elastic. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for these
findings?
a) Dehydration
b) Aging process
c) Poor circulation
d) Overhydration
Answer: b) Aging process
Rationale: As individuals age, their skin naturally becomes drier, less elastic, and wrinkled due
to a reduction in collagen and elastin fibers. While dehydration can cause skin changes, the
described findings are typical for the aging process.
DIF: Knowledge
TOP: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MSC: Knowledge
6. Which of the following assessment techniques is most appropriate to gather information
about a patient’s cardiovascular system?
a) Palpation
b) Inspection
c) Auscultation
d) Percussion
, Answer: c) Auscultation
Rationale: Auscultation is the primary technique used to assess the cardiovascular system,
allowing the nurse to listen to heart sounds, including murmurs, gallops, and rubs. This technique
is essential for evaluating heart function and rhythm.
DIF: Knowledge
TOP: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MSC: Knowledge
7. The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient with a known history of hypertension.
Which of the following physical assessment findings is most concerning?
a) Blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg
b) Respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute
c) Oxygen saturation level of 98%
d) Heart rate of 88 beats per minute
Answer: a) Blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg
Rationale: A blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg is considered elevated and may indicate
uncontrolled hypertension, which requires further evaluation and potential intervention.
DIF: Knowledge
TOP: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MSC: Knowledge
8. The nurse is assessing a patient’s musculoskeletal system. Which of the following
techniques is most appropriate for evaluating joint movement?
a) Inspection
b) Palpation
c) Percussion
d) Range of motion testing
Answer: d) Range of motion testing
Rationale: Range of motion testing is the most appropriate method to assess joint movement. It
allows the nurse to evaluate the flexibility and functionality of the joints.
DIF: Knowledge
TOP: Health Promotion and Maintenance
MSC: Knowledge
9. When conducting a health assessment, the nurse should consider which of the following
factors that can affect the accuracy of the findings?
a) Age, gender, and ethnic background
b) The time of day and the nurse’s mood
c) Patient compliance and family presence
d) All of the above
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