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Samenvatting Seminarie bestuursniveau: centrale besturen (DEEL 2) - 2020 $5.94   Add to cart

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Samenvatting Seminarie bestuursniveau: centrale besturen (DEEL 2) - 2020

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Dit document bevat de notities uit de les 'Seminarie bestuursniveau: centrale besturen', gegeven in 2de Bachelor Bestuurskunde en Publiek Management. De lessenreeks bestaat uit drie onderdelen: Uitvoerende cluster - Politieke cluster - Maatschappelijke cluster. Dit document gaat over de politieke...

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  • April 14, 2020
  • 40
  • 2019/2020
  • Summary

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By: laravandewalle1 • 1 year ago

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By: Arianevanbellinghen • 4 year ago

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© Van Der Schueren A. 2020




POLITIEKE CLUSTER
Inhoud
Lesinhoud ...........................................................................................................................................3
1. Introductie politieke cluster ............................................................................................................3
Politieke systemen: types ................................................................................................................3
Parlementaire democratie: theorie .................................................................................................5
Maar: ..........................................................................................................................................5
Internationale variatie: formeel...................................................................................................5
Internationale variatie: formeel...................................................................................................5
Twee ideaaltypes ........................................................................................................................6
Parlementaire democratie: praktijk .................................................................................................6
Party government .......................................................................................................................7
Responsible party government ....................................................................................................7
2. Politieke partijen .............................................................................................................................8
Omschrijving ...................................................................................................................................8
Partijorganen ..................................................................................................................................9
Partijleden ......................................................................................................................................9
De partijvoorzitter .......................................................................................................................9
De partijmedewerkers............................................................................................................... 10
De centrale studiedienst ........................................................................................................... 11
Financiering .................................................................................................................................. 11
Dotaties .................................................................................................................................... 11
Overheidsfinanciering ............................................................................................................... 12
(Normatieve) discussies ............................................................................................................ 12
Partijleden ................................................................................................................................ 12
Crisis? ........................................................................................................................................... 13
Partijen onder vuur ................................................................................................................... 13
3. De regering ................................................................................................................................... 14
Drie onderzoekstradities ........................................................................................................... 14
Formatie ....................................................................................................................................... 14
Formatie: coalitietheorieën ....................................................................................................... 14
Formatie in België ..................................................................................................................... 14
Formatie 2014: atypisch ............................................................................................................ 16
Vlaamse formatie ...................................................................................................................... 16


1
Dr. Benjamin de Vet, Gilles Pittoors en Prof. Bram Wauters

,© Van Der Schueren A. 2020



Formatie: de inhoud .................................................................................................................. 17
Formatie: de bevoegdheidsverdeling......................................................................................... 17
Werking ........................................................................................................................................ 19
Coalitiegovernance in België ..................................................................................................... 19
De ministerraad ........................................................................................................................ 20
Kern(kabinet) ............................................................................................................................ 20
Premier VS minister-president .................................................................................................. 20
Interne werking regering ........................................................................................................... 20
Presidentialisering..................................................................................................................... 21
Ontslag ......................................................................................................................................... 21
Ontslag regering ........................................................................................................................ 21
Ontslag minister ........................................................................................................................ 21
4. Het parlement............................................................................................................................... 21
Rol en taken .................................................................................................................................. 21
Samenstelling ............................................................................................................................... 22
Organisatie ................................................................................................................................... 22
Fracties ..................................................................................................................................... 22
De fractievoorzitter ................................................................................................................... 23
Fractie-eenheid ......................................................................................................................... 25
Commissies ............................................................................................................................... 27
De plenaire vergadering ............................................................................................................ 29
Werking en instrumenten ............................................................................................................. 30
De parlementaire week ............................................................................................................. 30
Het parlementaire jaar .............................................................................................................. 30
Begroting .................................................................................................................................. 30
Beleidsnota’s............................................................................................................................. 31
Wetgeving................................................................................................................................. 32
Lopende zaken .......................................................................................................................... 35
Controle........................................................................................................................................ 35
Onmacht? ................................................................................................................................. 39




2
Dr. Benjamin de Vet, Gilles Pittoors en Prof. Bram Wauters

,© Van Der Schueren A. 2020




Lesinhoud
1) Introductie

• Politiek systeem (federaal en Vlaams)
o Kenmerken
o Internationale en theoretische situering

2) Regering-partij-parlement

• ‘Facts and figures’
• Onderlinge verhoudingen

1. Introductie politieke cluster
Politieke systemen: types




Presidentieel systeem:



3
Dr. Benjamin de Vet, Gilles Pittoors en Prof. Bram Wauters

, © Van Der Schueren A. 2020



• Kiezer kiest parlement en president. (kiest dus twee keer)
• Strikte scheiding der machten. → Donald Trump: eqmpeachment-procedure (=aparte,
juridische procedure, de echte parlementaire controle)
• Parlement kan regering niet laten vallen.: vaste termijn
→ als kiezer één stem (België) => coalitie wordt gevormd => parlement en regeringsleider
worden aangesteld => parlement kan regeringsleider afstemmen

Semi-presidentieel:

• Kiezer kiest parlement en president.
• Duidt premier aan die verantwoording aflegt aan parlement (cohabitation mogelijk).
Bv. Frankrijk: president probeert op basis van verhouding in parlement een regering samen te
stellen.
→ cohabitation: premier en president van andere strekking

Directoriaal regime:

• Kiezer kiest parlement
• Parlement stelt bondsraad samen van 7 personen (evenredig) : vaste termijn
• Roterend voorzitterschap, maar collegialiteit
Bv. uniek, federale regering van Zwitserland: perfecte afspiegeling van hoe parlement eruit ziet
→ consensus democratie (overleg is belangrijker dan wil opleggen aan minderheid) => collegiaal
beslissingen nemen

Direct verkozen premier in parlementair systeem:

• Israel 1996-2003
→ 1996: Israëlisch systeem is erg versnipperd, instabiel klimaat => regeringsvorming (coalitie) is
erg moeilijk => er worden verkiezingen gehouden om formateur aan te stellen → werd
afgeschaft in 2003 (vandaag terug verkiezingen 3de jaar op rij)
o Er wordt voorgesteld om hoofd van de regering rechtstreeks te laten verkiezen.
o Split – ticket voting: zorgt voor verdere versnippering (om regeringsleider te kiezen
stemmen ze voor ene partij, voor parlement kiezen ze kleinere partij →≠ goed!).

• Coalities maken makkelijker?




Hybrid/presidential parliamentarism? (Hazan, 2001)


4
Dr. Benjamin de Vet, Gilles Pittoors en Prof. Bram Wauters

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