ENVS 101 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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ENVS 101 SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY
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ENVS 101 SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY
ENVS 101 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
What is social construction? How do we know if something is socially constructed? - Answer-Any category, condition, or thing that exists or is understood to have certain characteristics because people agree that i...
ENVS 101 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE
SUFFOLK UNIVERSITY EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
What is social construction? How do we know if something is socially constructed? -
Answer-Any category, condition, or thing that exists or is understood to have certain
characteristics because people agree that it does.
We can ask a series of questions to think about the origins of concepts:
• Is the concept natural, inevitable, timeless, or universal?
• If not, under what conditions was it invented?
• What are the social, political, and environmental effects of believing this concept is
genuine, natural, or inevitable?
Discuss the concepts of nature, the Anthropocene, and wilderness as socially
constructed. - Answer--Indigenous societies had dramatically altered landscapes by
building cities, deforestation, farming, and irrigation
-Europeans constructed the image of the New World as pristine and undeveloped and
used this concept to justify violently displacing its inhabitants
Define discourse. - Answer-Spoken and written language that not only represents the
world but may materially change it
Define, explain, and provide examples of co-production - Answer-Co-production: The
inevitable and ongoing process whereby human sand non-humans produce and change
one another through the interaction and interrelation
• Hurricane Katrina• New Orleans stormwater infrastructure constructed by people
• Social construction of race: Black people with salvaged goods described as "looting"
while white people described as "finding"• But also, people did not create the wind and
the rain (although climate change may have increased severity)
What is a worldview? - Answer-A person's "cognitive framework" that influences their
interpretations, behaviors, etc.
Human-centered, Earth-Centered, and Life-Centered Worldviews. - Answer-Human-
Centered Worldview: Focus is on the needs and wants of people
• At the end, we can and should manage the earth primarily for human benefit, using
technology to solve any environmental problems.
, Life-Centered Worldview: Humans have an ethical responsibility to avoid hastening the
extinction of other species.
Earth-Centered Worldview: Responsibility to preserve the Earth's biodiversity,
ecosystem services, and life-support functions to benefit current and future life.
Discuss some of the similarities and differences between indigenous and western
knowledge systems. - Answer-Similarities:
-A stable body of knowledge subject to
modifications
-Values honesty and inquisitiveness
-Use of prediction, observation, and
verification through repetition to create
knowledge
Differences:
-Indigenous is more holistic, whereas Western is divided into disciplines.
Science as a way of knowing. - Answer-Scientists attempt to answer questions about
how nature or society works using:
• Observations
• Experiments
• Modeling
• Data Collection
• Data Analysis
• New data and analysis can lead to revised hypotheses
Describe the concept of "positionality" - Answer-1) Social and political context that
creates your identity
2) How your identity influences and biases your perception of the world.
Discuss some of the ways in which the field of environmental conservation have and
continue to cause harm. Be able to provide examples. - Answer-• The concept of
wilderness erases people from their lands
• Indigenous people removed from National Parks throughout the US
Discuss strategies that can be used to improve equity in environmental fields. Provide
specific examples. - Answer-- Decolonize your mind
- Know your histories
- Practice ethical ecology
Describe patterns of human population growth over time. - Answer-From the evolution
of Homo sapiens to a population of 2 billion: 200,000 years
• Less than 50 years to add another 2 billion
• About 25 years to add another 2 billion
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