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Summary Afrikaans Language/Taal Notes
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Afrikaans language/taal notes IEB rules and restrictions All Taal in the matric IEB syllabus
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Afrikaans Taal Study NotesWoordorde
S vi T O M P vii I
S – Subject – Wie?
Vi – Verb 1
T – Time – Wanneer?
O – Object – Wat?
M – Manner – Hoe?
P – Place – Waar?
Vii – Verb 2
I – Infinitive – om...te
Note:
A sentence may contain any one or more of these elements.
The 1st verb must always be in 2nd element position.
The verbs you will find in 2nd element position: Any present tense verb OR
hulpwerkwoorde (sal/sou; moet/moes; behoort...te; mag/mog; kan/kon; wil/wou;
gaan,laat,leer,probeer,kom; het (past and future tense)
No verb can jump over another verb except ‘het’.
If the object is a pronoun then time and object swap round (SviOTMPviiI)
Group more than one of T, M or P together.
The infinitive always comes after verb 2 unless starting with the infinitive.
If negative, 1st nie after 1st verb, second nie at very end.
Examples:
Hy (vandag, vinnig, hardloop, winkel toe)
Hy hardloop vandag vinnig winkel toe.
Tydens vakansies (daagliks, ouers en kinders, ontspan, op die strand)
Tydens vakansies ontspan ouers en kinders daagliks op die strand.
*Note the time element is split, so it moves after the object
gaan, om hom te straf, die onderwyser, môre, met ‘n lat, hom, slaan
Die onderwyser gaan hom môre met ‘n lat slaan om hom te straf.
1
, Tye
Always look out for conjunctions!
Verlede Tyd
RULES:
1) het + ge
The 1st verb is replaced with ‘het’. That verb moves to the end of the sentence, but before
the infinitive if present and gets a ‘ge-’.
Examples:
Hy skop die bal want hy speel sokker.
Hy het die bal geskop want hy het sokker gespeel.
Die musiekinstrument klop jou hard teen die oor.
Die musiekinstrument het jou hard teen die oor geklop.
2) het + be, ge, er, her, ont, ver, mis: do NOT get ‘ge’.
Examples:
Hy beskerm homself teen roofdiere.
Hy het homself teen roofdiere beskerm.
Hy verwag net die beste.
Hy het net die beste verwag.
3) 2 actions (2 verbs)
If there are 2 actions happening at the SAME time then only the first verb gets ‘ge-’.
If there are 2 actions happening at DIFFERENT times then both verbs get ‘ge-’.
Examples:
Die aanhangers sing en eet heeltyd.
Die anhangers het heeltyd gesing en geëet.
Die mense hardloop en skree wanneer hulle die golf hoor kom. (Verlede jaar).
Verlede jaar het die mense gehardloop en skree toe hulle die golf hoor kom het. *This is also
a DAWN sentence
2
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