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Volledige lesnotites + ppt Migratierecht
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Volledige aanvulling ppt met de lesnotities voor Migratierecht (VUB) gedoceerd door G.Debersaques. Behaald resultaat 19/20.
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Migratierecht
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Academiejaar 2023-2024
,MIGRATIERECHT
MODULE 1: INLEIDING.................................................................................................................. 4
PLAN VAN DE CURSUS ........................................................................................................................ 4
INLEIDING: MIGRATIERECHT IN EEN (INTER)NATIONALE CONTEXT .................................................................. 4
A. HET BEGRIP ‘MIGRATIERECHT’....................................................................................................... 4
B. MIGRATIERECHT IS/WAS (?) ZAAK VAN NATIONALE STAATSSOEVEREINITEIT .......................................... 4
KENNISCLIP BIJ LES 1 .................................................................................................................... 9
THE AA-CASE AND PROCEDURAL CASES .................................................................................................. 9
SAMENVATING VAN WAT HIERONDER GEZEGD WORDT: .................................................................................. 9
MODULE 2: WIE IS VREEMDELING? ............................................................................................. 13
A. VOORAFGAAND… EEN EIGEN JURDISCH BEGRIP .................................................................................. 13
B. WIE IS VREEMDELING?................................................................................................................. 13
HET JURIDISCH BEGRIP “VREEMDELING” GEDEFINIEERD .................................................................................... 13
IS DE BELG EEN VREEMDELING ...................................................................................................................... 13
ONDERSCHEID BE – BU - VREEMDELING NIET VEROUDERD ? ............................................................................ 14
C. WIE IS BELG? ............................................................................................................................. 15
1. BRON EN UITGANGSPUNT (PUBLIEKRECHTELIJK: GW) .................................................................................. 15
2. (2) BASISPRINCIPE(S) INZAKE VERKRIJGEN EN VERLIES NATIONALITEIT (EX!) ..................................................... 16
3. BASISPRINCIPES INZAKE VERWERVEN VAN DE BE NATIONALITEIT .................................................................... 20
D. BU – DERDELANDER ALS FUNDAMENTEEL ONDERSCHEID ...................................................................... 27
1. BURGER VAN DE UNIE ............................................................................................................................. 28
2. IS DE BELG EEN BURGER VAN DE UNIE? (IN HET MIGRATIERECHT) .................................................................... 29
3. HET FAMILIELID VAN DE BURGER VAN DE UNIE? .......................................................................................... 32
4. MET BU GELIJKGESTELDE VREEMDELINGEN.................................................................................................. 33
E. ANDERE ONDERSCHEIDEN.............................................................................................................. 33
1. INTERNATIONALE BESCHERMING ............................................................................................................... 34
2. STAATSLOZE .......................................................................................................................................... 34
3. IN ILLEGAAL OF LEGAAL VERBLIJF ............................................................................................................... 36
3. DE INWIJKELING ..................................................................................................................................... 38
DEEL III DE BRONNEN ................................................................................................................. 39
OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................ 39
A. INTERNATIONAL EN EUROPESE BRONNEN .......................................................................................... 39
1. UNIVERSELE VERKLARING RECHTEN VAN DE MENS 10 DECEMBER 1948 .......................................................... 39
EVRM..................................................................................................................................................... 39
C. GEEN “DOORWERKING” VAN ART. 6 EVRM ............................................................................................... 47
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,D. VOORLOPIGE MAATREGELEN EHRM: “RULE 39” ........................................................................................ 49
3. ANDERE INTERNATIONALE INSTRUMENTEN ................................................................................................. 50
4. EUROPESE BRONNEN .............................................................................................................................. 52
B. NATIONALE BRONNEN .................................................................................................................. 53
OVERZICHT ............................................................................................................................................... 53
2. DE VREEMDELINGENWET (W. 15/12/1980) ............................................................................................. 53
DEEL III DE BEVOEGDHEIDSVERDELING IN BE .............................................................................. 55
DE BEVOEGDHEIDSVERDELING............................................................................................................ 55
DEEL IV DE TOEGANG EN HET KORT VERBLIJF.............................................................................. 58
A. ALGEMEEN TOEGANG <-> VERBLIJF ................................................................................................. 58
1. TOEGANG EN KORT VERBLIJF IS UNIERECHT: ............................................................................................ 58
2. BASISONDERSCHEIDEN: BINNENKOMST – TOEGANG – (LEGAAL) VERBLIJF) ...................................................... 58
B. TOEGANG?................................................................................................................................ 60
1. PRINCIPES ............................................................................................................................... 60
2. UNIERECHT: SCHENGENACQUIS .................................................................................................. 60
3) TOEGANGSVOORWAARDEN VOOR BU EN HUN FAMILIELEDEN-DERDELANDERS ................................... 64
4) TOEGANGSVOORWAARDEN VOOR BU EN HUN FAMILIE-LEDEN ......................................................... 76
5) REGELMATIGE BINNENKOMST EN AANMELDING ............................................................................. 79
C. KORT VERBLIJF? .......................................................................................................................... 80
1. TOEGANG = KORT VERBLIJF ...................................................................................................................... 80
2. ADMINISTRATIEVE VERPLICHTINGEN .......................................................................................................... 80
3. DUUR VAN HET KORT VERBLIJF ................................................................................................................. 80
D. TOPICS RECHTSBESCHERMING ........................................................................................................ 81
OVERZICHT ................................................................................................................................ 82
A. EEN BASISBEGRIP: ONDERSCHEID VERBLIJFSRECHT – VERBLIJFSTITEL ........................................................ 82
VERBLIJF (= ≥ 3M) DERDELANDER ................................................................................................................ 82
B. HET VERBLIJF VAN DE DERDELANDER ............................................................................................... 83
VERBLIJF (= ≥ 3M) DERDELANDER: NEGOTIUM ............................................................................................... 83
DE (PROCEDURE TOT DE) MACHTIGING TOT VERBLIJF (ART. 9 E.V. VW) VAN EEN DERDELANDER ............................. 86
DE TOELATING TOT VERBLIJF (DERDELANDER)................................................................................................ 107
C. VERBLIJF BU + FAM (ART. 40 E.V. VW.) ........................................................................................ 108
D. HET VERBLIJF VAN DE FAM BE (ART. 40TER VW.) ........................................................................... 109
DEEL VI DE VESTIGING .............................................................................................................. 114
OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................. 114
A. CONCEPTEN .................................................................................................................... 114
B. REGELING ....................................................................................................................... 114
VESTIGING (ART. 14E.V. VW.): C-KAART ...................................................................................................... 114
C. VERSCHILLEN EN RECHTSBERSCHERMING? .............................................................................. 115
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, DEEL VII INTERNATIONALE BESCHERMING ................................................................................ 117
OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................. 117
A. ALGEMEENHEDEN..................................................................................................................... 117
REMINDER .............................................................................................................................................. 117
ALGEMEENHEDEN EN BEGRIPPEN ................................................................................................................ 117
BEGRIP VLUCHTELING............................................................................................................................... 120
VERZOEKER OM INTERNATIONALE BESCHERMING (OUD: ASIELZOEKER) ............................................................. 123
VREEMDELING DIE SB GENIET .................................................................................................................... 123
VERHOUDING VLUCHTELINGENSTATUS - SBS ............................................................................................... 123
B. ERKENNINGSCRITERIA VLUCHTELING .............................................................................................. 124
1° ZICH BUITEN HET LAND VAN NATIONALITEIT BEVINDEN; .............................................................................. 125
2° EEN GEGRONDE VREES VOOR VERVOLGING HEBBEN; .................................................................................. 130
3° OMWILLE VAN RAS, GODSDIENST, NATIONALITEIT, BEHOREN TOT EEN BEPAALDE SOCIALE GROEP OF POLITIEKE
OVERTUIGING; ........................................................................................................................................ 132
4° DE BESCHERMING VAN HET LAND VAN NATIONALITEIT NIET KUNNEN OF WILLEN INROEPEN. .............................. 134
C. VOORWAARDEN SUBSIDIAIRE BESCHERMING (SB) .............................................................................. 135
BEGRIP .................................................................................................................................................. 135
VOORWAARDEN ...................................................................................................................................... 136
ERNSTIGE SCHADE? .................................................................................................................................. 137
DE BESCHERMING VAN HET LAND VAN HERKOMST NIET KUNNEN OF WILLEN INROEPEN ........................................ 138
D. EEN BIJZONDER STATUUT: DE ONTHEEMDEN .................................................................................... 138
WAT?.................................................................................................................................................... 138
INWERKINGTREDING ................................................................................................................................ 140
GEVOLG ................................................................................................................................................. 140
SAMENLOOP MET IB ................................................................................................................................ 141
VIII. RECHTSBESCHERMING ...................................................................................................... 142
A. ALGEMEENHEDEN..................................................................................................................... 142
RECHTSMACHT RVV ..................................................................................................................... 143
BEVOEGDHEID RVV ...................................................................................................................... 144
FEITENCONTROLE IN ANNULATIE ..................................................................................................... 144
FEITENBEOORDELING IN VOLLE RECHTSMACHT ..................................................................................... 145
FEITENBEOORDELING IN HERVORMINGSBEVOEGDHEDEN ........................................................................ 146
PROCEDUREKWESTIES: ALGEMEEN .................................................................................................... 147
VRAGEN................................................................................................................................... 147
DEEL IX CRIMMIGRATIE: BEGRIP EN CONCEPT ........................................................................... 148
DEEL X CAPITA SELECTA (ONDER VOORBEHOUD) ...................................................................... 148
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