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Samenvatting celbiologie 1 hoofdstuk 6: enzymen
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Een samenvatting van hoofdstuk 6: 'enzymen: de catalysatoren van het leven' uit het vak celbiologie 1 in de eerste bachelor geneeskunde aan de KU Leuven.
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6: enzymenCelbiologie I : hoofdstuk 6 enzymen
Enzymen (biokatalysatoren)
Versnellen een reactie maar BEGINNEN ze NIET
Op de active site worden reagentia gebonden (enzym-substraat complex)
Substraat wordt omgezet in product (enzym-product complex)
Eiwit-ligand interactie
[ A ] [B]
Dissociatieconstante Kd =
[ AB ]
Als oppervlak complementair is zal de affiniteit groter zijn
Induced-fit mechanisme
Na binding van ligand ondergaat het enzym conformatieverandering
Aminozuren zitten zo naast substraat om reactie positief te beïnvloeden
Co-factoren
Sommige enzymen hebben metaal of organisch molecuul als deel
Apo-enzymen = deel van enzym dat uit polypetideketens bestaat
Co-enzym = organische molecule
Protease en lysozyme
Protease = zuur-base katalyse
Lysozyme = covalente katalyse
Denaturatie
Door temperatuur of pH verandering
Kan ook optreden door ionische sterkte (opgeloste ionen concentratie te hoog)
Ionen trekken water aan waardoor er geen hydrofobe hydratie meer is
Soms zijn producten van reacties inhibitoren voor deze reactie (terugkoppeling)
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