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EXSC 224 Exam 2 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update
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EXSC 224 Exam 2 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update ANS - -visceral motor system, subconscious -motor neurons innervate smooth & cardiac muscle and glands -adjust ensure optimal support for body activities Compare the somatic and autonomic nervous systems relative to effectors,...

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  • December 23, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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EXSC 224 Exam 2 Questions with 100%

Correct Answers | Latest Update


ANS - ✔✔-visceral motor system, subconscious

-motor neurons innervate smooth & cardiac muscle and glands

-adjust ensure optimal support for body activities

Compare the somatic and autonomic nervous systems relative to effectors,

efferent pathways, and neurotransmitters released. - ✔✔Somatic

-skeletal muscle

-excitatory

-group A fibers

-Ach



ANS

-cardiac & smooth muscle, glands

-two-neuron chain (preganglionic and postganglionic neuron)

-excitatory or inhibitory

-norepinephrine sympathetic and Ach parasympathetic


1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

,Lower motor neuron - ✔✔Parasympathetic = 2 neurons, Ach

-myelinated preganglionic fiber: cell body ventral horn, Group B

-unmyelinated postganglionic fiber: travels to target, Group C



Sympathetic= 2 neurons, NE

-preganglionic synapse onto post at ganglion

-preganglionic synapse onto adrenal medulla, secretes epinephrine into

blood stream

1. Name the three types of effectors of the autonomic nervous system. -

✔✔cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, glands

2. Which relays instructions from the CNS to muscles more quickly, the

somatic nervous system or the ANS? Explain why. - ✔✔Somatic nervous

system

Only one motor neuron, heavily myelinated so signals move faster

parasympathetic division (craniosacral) - ✔✔promotes maintenance

functions, conserves energy, rest-and-digest (digest, defecate, urinate)

-fibers originate in brain stem or sacral spinal cord

-preganglionic long, postganglionic short

-ganglia near visceral effector organs


2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

, sympathetic division (thoracolumnar) - ✔✔mobilizes body systems during

activity, temporarily reduces nonessential activities, fight-or-flight, (exercise,

excitement, emergency, embarrassment)

-fibers originate in thoracic and lumbar spinal cord

-preganglionic short, postganglionic long

-ganglia close to spinal cord

Sympathetic - ✔✔-direct innervation

-thermoregulation response to heat

-releases Renin from kidneys

-metabolic effects: increases metabolic rate cells and blood glucose,

mobilizes fats for fuel

dual innervation - ✔✔-most visceral organs have both the parasympathetic

and sympathetic divisions

-Dynamic antagonism: opposite effects

For the parasympathetic division, describe the site of CNS origin, locations

of ganglia, and general fiber pathways. - ✔✔-Oculomotor nerves (III):

innervate smooth muscles in the eyes, accessory oculomotor nuclei in

midbrain -> ciliary ganglia in eye




3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

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