Exam (elaborations)

2024_AQA-GCSE History – Paper 1 Section B/C: Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972 (Merged Question Paper and Marking Scheme)

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2024_AQA-GCSE History – Paper 1 Section B/C: Conf

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2024_AQA-GCSE History – Paper 1 Section B/C: Conf

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2024aqa gcse history paper 1 section bc conf

Institution 2024_AQA-GCSE History – Paper 1 Section B/C: Conf
Course 2024_AQA-GCSE History – Paper 1 Section B/C: Conf

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2024_AQA-GCSE History – Paper 1 Section B/C:
Conflict and Tension Between East and West,
1945–1972
(Merged Question Paper and Marking Scheme)
Please write clearly in block capitals. Wednesday 15 May 2024

Centre number

Surname Candidate number

Forename(s)

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I declare this is my own work.

GCSE
HISTORY
Paper 1 Section B/C: Conflict and tension between East and West,
1945–1972
Wednesday 15 May 2024 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours
Materials For Examiner’s Use
For this paper you must ensure you have:
Question Mark
• A Sources Booklet (enclosed).
• The other optional Question Paper/Answer Book and Interpretations Booklet 01
for the Paper 1 Section A topic you are entered for. 02
You will have 2 hours to complete both papers. 03

Instructions 04
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen. TOTAL
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
• Answer all four questions.
• Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked.
• You must answer the questions in the spaces provided.
Do not write outside the box around each page or on blank pages.
• If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of
this book. Write the question number against your answer(s).

Information
• The maximum mark for this paper is 44.
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• Extended writing is tested in Question 04.
• Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar (SPaG) will be assessed in Question 04. The marks for SPaG are
shown below the mark allocation for Question 04.

Advice
• You are advised to spend about 1 hour on Paper 1 Section A and about 1 hour on Paper 1 Section B.

*JUN2481451BC01*
IB/M/Jun24/G4006/E4 8145/1B/C

,GCSE History Paper 1 Section B/C: Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972
Summary

The GCSE History Paper 1 Section B/C: Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–
1972, scheduled for May 2025, will examine the key events and tensions that arose during the Cold
War period, focusing on the period from the end of World War II through to the early 1970s. This
paper will test students’ understanding of the political, military, and ideological conflicts between the
United States and its allies (the West) and the Soviet Union and its allies (the East). The key areas
covered include:

1. The Origins of the Cold War (1945–1949):

 The Yalta and Potsdam Conferences in 1945, where key leaders (Churchill, Roosevelt, and
Stalin) discussed post-war Europe, and the ideological differences that began to emerge.
 The division of Germany and Berlin into East and West, and how this became a central point
of Cold War tensions.
 The role of nuclear weapons in increasing tensions, including the US dropping atomic
bombs on Japan and the Soviet Union’s development of their own nuclear bomb in 1949.
 The Truman Doctrine (1947) and the policy of containment aimed at preventing the spread
of communism, particularly in Europe and Asia.
 The Marshall Plan (1948) and the Soviet response, which deepened the divide between
capitalist Western Europe and communist Eastern Europe.

2. The Berlin Blockade and Airlift (1948–1949):

 The Soviet blockade of West Berlin and the Western powers’ response with the Berlin
Airlift, which demonstrated the growing conflict over control of Germany and Berlin.
 The significance of the blockade in the wider context of Cold War rivalry, as well as the
eventual lifting of the blockade and the division of Berlin into East and West.

3. The Korean War (1950–1953):

 The invasion of South Korea by communist North Korea in 1950 and the subsequent
intervention of the United Nations, led by the United States, to defend South Korea.
 The role of China in supporting North Korea and the eventual stalemate that resulted in a
divided Korea.
 The impact of the Korean War on US foreign policy and the intensification of the Cold War
rivalry between the superpowers.

4. The Arms Race and Space Race:

 The escalating arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union, with both sides
developing increasingly powerful nuclear weapons and delivery systems.
 The Space Race, highlighted by the Soviet Union’s launch of Sputnik (1957) and the United
States’ successful moon landing in 1969, as a symbol of technological and ideological
superiority.

5. The Cuban Missile Crisis (1962):

 The Cuban Missile Crisis, when the Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles in Cuba, just 90
miles from the US, and the subsequent 13-day standoff between the United States and the
Soviet Union.
 The role of President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev in managing the crisis and the
eventual agreement to remove the missiles in exchange for a US promise not to invade Cuba
and the removal of US missiles from Turkey.
 The long-term impact of the crisis on US-Soviet relations, including the establishment of the
Hotline and the signing of the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.

,6. The Vietnam War (1955–1975):

 The US involvement in Vietnam, with the goal of preventing the spread of communism in
Southeast Asia, and the role of South Vietnam, supported by the United States, against the
communist North Vietnam and its allies, including China and the Soviet Union.
 The tactics and strategies used by both sides, including the use of guerrilla warfare by the
Viet Cong and the role of chemical weapons by the United States.
 The Tet Offensive (1968) and the growing opposition to the war in the United States, leading
to a shift in US policy and eventual withdrawal from Vietnam in 1973.

7. The Nuclear Arms Race and Detente (1960s–1970s):

 The development of the nuclear arms race and the growing stockpiles of nuclear weapons on
both sides.
 The concept of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) and how it shaped Cold War
diplomacy.
 The period of Detente in the late 1960s and early 1970s, where both superpowers sought to
reduce tensions through agreements like the SALT I Treaty and the Nuclear Non-
Proliferation Treaty.
 The role of President Nixon in easing tensions, particularly through his visit to China and the
opening of diplomatic relations with the country.

8. The Prague Spring (1968):

 The Prague Spring, a period of political liberalization in Czechoslovakia led by Alexander
Dubček, and the Soviet Union’s response, including the Warsaw Pact invasion to suppress
the reforms.
 The significance of the event in terms of Soviet control over Eastern Europe and the response
from the West, which was limited due to the policy of containment.

, 2

Do not write
Answer all four questions. outside the
box

Study Source A in the Sources Booklet.

0 1 Source A is critical of America. How do you know?

Explain your answer using Source A and your contextual knowledge.
[4 marks]

4

*02*
IB/M/Jun24/8145/1B/C

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Exam (elaborations)

2024_AQA-GCSE History – Paper 1 Section B/C: Conflict and Tension Between East and West, 1945–1972 (Merged Question Paper and Marking Scheme)

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