TEST BANK FOR
PORTH'S ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5TH EDITION BY TOMMIE L. NORRIS
(2019) || ALL CHAPTERS (01 – 52)||COMPLETE GUIDE|| GRADE A+
TEST BANK FOR
PORTH'S ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5TH EDITION BY TOMMIE L. NORRIS
(2019) || ALL CHAPTERS (01 – 52)||COMPLETE GUIDE|| GRADE A+
TEST BANK FOR
PORTH'S ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5TH EDITION BY TOMMIE L.
NORRIS
(2019) || ALL CHAPTERS (01 – 52)||COMPLETE GUIDE|| GRADE A+
5TH EDITION
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
UNIT 1 • CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE ............................................................................................. 5
CHAPTER 1: CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE .................................................................................... 5
UNIT 2 • CELL FUNCTION AND GROWTH.................................................................................................... 16
CHAPTER 2: CELL AND TISSUE CHARACTERISTICS................................................................................... 16
CHAPTER 3-: CELLULAR ADAPTATION, INJURY, AND DEATH .................................................................. 27
CHAPTER 4: GENETIC CONTROL OF CELL FUNCTION AND INHERITANCE ............................................... 37
CHAPTER 5: GENETIC AND CONGENITAL DISORDERS ............................................................................ 46
CHAPTER 6: NEOPLASIA ......................................................................................................................... 57
UNIT 3 • DISORDERS OF INTEGRATIVE FUNCTION ..................................................................................... 67
CHAPTER7: STRESS AND ADAPTATION ................................................................................................... 67
CHAPTER 8: DISORDERS OF FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID BASE BALANCE ............................... 76
UNIT 4 • INFECTION, INFLAMMATION, AND IMMUNITY ........................................................................... 96
CHAPTER 9: INFLAMMATION, TISSUE REPAIR, AND WOUND HEALING ................................................ 96
CHAPTER 10: MECHANISMS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE.......................................................................... 115
CHAPTER 11: INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY ............................................................................... 125
CHAPTER 12: DISORDERS OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE ....................................................................... 135
UNIT 5 • DISORDERS OF NEURAL FUNCTION............................................................................................ 155
CHAPTER 13: ORGANIZATION AND CONTROL OF NEURAL FUNCTION ................................................ 155
CHAPTER 14: SOMATOSENSORY FUNCTION, PAIN, AND TEMPERATURE ............................................ 166
CHAPTER 15: DISORDERS OF MOTOR FUNCTION ................................................................................ 176
CHAPTER 16: DISORDERS OF BRAIN FUNCTION .................................................................................. 186
CHAPTER 17: SLEEP AND SLEEP DISTURBANCES................................................................................... 196
CHAPTER 18: DISORDERS OF THOUGHT, EMOTION, AND MEMORY ................................................... 206
UNIT 6 • DISORDERS OF SPECIAL SENSORY FUNCTION ............................................................................ 216
CHAPTER 19: DISORDERS OF VISUAL FUNCTION .................................................................................. 217
CHAPTER 20: DISORDERS OF HEARING AND VESTIBULAR FUNCTION ................................................. 227
UNIT 7 • DISORDERS OF THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM .......................................................................... 237
CHAPTER 21: BLOOD CELLS AND THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM ......................................................... 237
CHAPTER22: DISORDERS OF HEMOSTASIS ........................................................................................... 246
CHAPTER 23: DISORDERS OF RED BLOOD CELLS.................................................................................. 256
CHAPTER 24: DISORDERS OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS AND LYMPHOID TISSUES ..................................... 266
UNIT 8 • DISORDERS OF CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION ........................................................................... 277
, CHAPTER 25: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.................................. 277
CHAPTER 26: DISORDERS OF BLOOD FLOW.......................................................................................... 287
CHAPTER 27: DISORDERS OF CARDIAC FUNCTION .............................................................................. 306
CHAPTER 28: DISORDERS OF CARDIAC CONDUCTION AND RHYTHM .................................................. 327
UNIT 9 • DISORDERS OF RESPIRATORY FUNCTION................................................................................... 338
CHAPTER 29: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM ......................................... 338
CHAPTER 30: RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS AND NEOPLASMS .................................................... 357
CHAPTER31: DISORDERS OF VENTILATION AND GAS EXCHANGE ....................................................... 367
UNIT 10 • DISORDERS OF RENAL FUNCTION ............................................................................................ 377
CHAPTER 32: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE KIDNEY ................................................................. 377
CHAPTER 33: DISORDERS OF RENAL FUNCTION ................................................................................... 387
CHAPTER 34: ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ................................................. 397
CHAPTER 35: DISORDERS OF THE BLADDER AND LOWER URINARY TRACT ........................................ 408
UNIT 11 • DISORDERS OF GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTION....................................................................... 418
CHAPTER 36: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM .............................. 418
CHAPTER 37: DISORDERS OF GASTROINTESTINAL FUNCTION ............................................................. 429
CHAPTER 38: DISORDERS OF HEPATOBILIARY AND PANCREAS FUNCTION.......................................... 440
CHAPTER 39: ALTERATIONS IN NUTRITIONAL STATUS ......................................................................... 451
UNIT 12 • DISORDERS OF ENDOCRINE FUNCTION ................................................................................... 461
CHAPTER 40: MECHANISMS OF ENDOCRINE CONTROL ...................................................................... 461
CHAPTER 41: DISORDERS OF ENDOCRINE CONTROL ............................................................................ 471
UNIT 13 • DISORDERS OF GENITOURINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION ......................................... 482
CHAPTER 42: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ........................... 482
CHAPTER 43: DISORDERS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ....................................................... 492
CHAPTER 44: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ........................ 503
CHAPTER 45: DISORDERS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM .................................................. 513
CHAPTER 46: SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS ............................................................................ 523
UNIT 14 • DISORDERS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL FUNCTION....................................................................... 533
CHAPTER 47: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ............................... 533
CHAPTER 48: DISORDERS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL FUNCTION: TRAUMA, INFECTION, NEOPLASMS ... 543
CHAPTER 49: DISORDERS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL FUNCTION: DEVELOPMENTAL AND METABOLISM
DISORDERS ............................................................................................................................................ 554
CHAPTER 50: DISORDERS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL FUNCTION: RHEUMATIC DISORDERS ................... 563
,UNIT 15 • DISORDERS OF INTEGUMENTARY FUNCTION .......................................................................... 573
CHAPTER 51: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE SKIN ...................................................................... 573
CHAPTER 52: DISORDERS OF SKIN INTEGRITY AND FUNCTION ............................................................ 583
,UNIT 1 • CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
CHAPTER 1: CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
1. AT AN INTERNATIONAL NURSING CONFERENCE, MANY DISCUSSIONS AND BREAKOUT SESSIONS
FOCUSED ON THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) VIEWS ON HEALTH. OF THE FOLLOWING
COMMENTS MADE BY NURSES DURING A DISCUSSION SESSION, WHICH STATEMENTS WOULD BE
CONSIDERED A GOOD REPRESENTATION OF THE WHO DEFINITION? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
A) INTERESTS IN KEEPING THE ELDERLY POPULATION ENGAGED IN SUCH ACTIVITIES AS BOOK
REVIEWS AND WORD GAMES DURING SOCIAL TIME
B) INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CHAIR AEROBICS CLASSES PROVIDED IN THE SKILLED CARE
FACILITIES
C) INTERVENTIONS GEARED TOWARD KEEPING THE ELDERLY POPULATION DIAGNOSED WITH
DIABETES MELLITUS UNDER TIGHT BLOOD GLUCOSE CONTROL BY PROVIDING IN-HOME COOKING
CLASSES
D) PROVIDING TRANSPORTATION FOR RENAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS TO AND FROM THEIR
HEMODIALYSIS SESSIONS
E) PROVIDING HANDWASHING TEACHING SESSIONS TO A GROUP OF YOUNG CHILDREN
CORRECT ANS>>A, B, C, E
FEEDBACK:
THE WHO DEFINITION OF HEALTH IS DEFINED AS “A STATE OF COMPLETE PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND
SOCIAL WELL-BEING AND NOT MERELY THE ABSENCE OF DISEASE AND INFIRMITY.” ENGAGING IN BOOK
REVIEWS FACILITATES MENTAL AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING; CHAIR AEROBICS HELPS FACILITATE PHYSICAL
WELL- BEING; AND ASSISTING WITH TIGHT CONTROL OF DIABETES HELPS WITH FACILITATING PHYSICAL
WELL-BEING EVEN THOUGH THE PERSON HAS A CHRONIC DISEASE. HANDWASHING IS VITAL IN THE
PREVENTION OF DISEASE AND SPREAD OF GERMS.
2. A COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE IS TEACHING A GROUP OF RECENT GRADUATES ABOUT THE
LARGE VARIETY OF FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE AN INDIVIDUAL'S HEALTH OR LACK THEREOF. THE NURSE
IS REFERRING TO THE HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020 REPORT FROM THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES AS A TEACHING EXAMPLE. OF THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS DISCUSSED, WHICH WOULD
BE CONSIDERED A DETERMINANT OF HEALTH THAT IS OUTSIDE THE FOCUS OF THIS REPORT?
A) THE CLIENT HAS A DIVERSE BACKGROUND BY BEING OF ASIAN AND NATIVE AMERICAN DESCENT
AND PRACTICES VARIOUS ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES TO MINIMIZE EFFECTS OF STRESS.
B) THE CLIENT HAS A FAMILY HISTORY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RELATED TO
HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND REMAINS NONCOMPLIANT WITH THE TREATMENT REGIME.
C) THE CLIENT HAS A GOOD CAREER WITH EXCEPTIONAL PREVENTATIVE HEALTH CARE BENEFITS.
, D) THE CLIENT LIVES IN AN AFFLUENT, CLEAN, SUBURBAN COMMUNITY WITH ACCESS TO MANY
HEALTH CARE FACILITIES.
CORRECT ANS>>B
FEEDBACK:
IN HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020, THE FOCUS IS TO PROMOTE GOOD HEALTH TO ALL (SUCH AS USING
ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES TO MINIMIZE EFFECTS OF STRESS); ACHIEVING HEALTH EQUITY AND
PROMOTING HEALTH FOR ALL (WHICH INCLUDES HAVING GOOD HEALTH CARE BENEFITS); AND
PROMOTING GOOD HEALTH (WHICH INCLUDES LIVING IN A CLEAN COMMUNITY WITH GOOD ACCESS
TO HEALTH CARE). A CLIENT'S NONCOMPLIANCE WITH TREATMENTS TO CONTROL HIGH CHOLESTEROL
LEVELS WITHIN THE PRESENCE OF A FAMILY HISTORY OF CV DISEASE DOES NOT MEET THE “ATTAINING
LIVES FREE OF PREVENTABLE DISEASE AND PREMATURE DEATH” DETERMINANT.
3. A PHYSICIAN IS PROVIDING CARE FOR A NUMBER OF PATIENTS ON A MEDICAL UNIT OF A
LARGE, UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL. THE PHYSICIAN IS DISCUSSING WITH A COLLEAGUE THE
DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN DISEASES THAT ARE CAUSED BY ABNORMAL MOLECULES AND DISEASES
THAT CAUSE DISEASE. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENTS MOST CLEARLY DEMONSTRATES THE
CONSEQUENCES OF MOLECULES THAT CAUSE DISEASE?
A) A 31-YEAR-OLD WOMAN WITH SICKLE CELL ANEMIA WHO IS RECEIVING A TRANSFUSION OF
PACKED RED BLOOD CELLS
B) A 91-YEAR-OLD WOMAN WHO HAS EXPERIENCED AN ISCHEMIC STROKE RESULTING FROM
FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
C) A 19-YEAR-OLD MAN WITH EXACERBATION OF HIS CYSTIC FIBROSIS REQUIRING OXYGEN
THERAPY AND CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY
D) A 30-YEAR-OLD HOMELESS MAN WHO HAS PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII PNEUMONIA (PCP) AND IS
HIV POSITIVE.
CORRECT ANS>>D
FEEDBACK:
PCP IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE EFFECT OF A MOLECULE THAT DIRECTLY CONTRIBUTES TO DISEASE. SICKLE
CELL ANEMIA, FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, AND CYSTIC FIBROSIS ARE ALL EXAMPLES OF THE
EFFECTS OF ABNORMAL MOLECULES.
4. A MEMBER OF THE HEALTH CARE TEAM IS RESEARCHING THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF
A NUMBER OF CLIENTS WHO ARE UNDER HIS CARE IN A HOSPITAL CONTEXT. WHICH OF THE
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