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Samenvatting Comparative law and Criminal procedure

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Nederlandse samenvatting voor het vak Comparative law and Criminal procedure waarin zowel de lessen als het syllabus werden verwerkt (academiejaar )

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  • December 26, 2024
  • 199
  • 2024/2025
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COMPARATIVE CRIMINAL
LAW &
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

,Inhoudsopgave
Introductie.........................................................................................1
Praktisch.............................................................................................................. 1
1. Criminal law.................................................................................................. 1
2. Criminal procedure....................................................................................... 1
Examen............................................................................................................... 2

Hoofdstuk 1: inleiding.........................................................................3
1. het Strafrecht.................................................................................................. 3
A. Reactie van de staat..................................................................................... 4
B. morele afkeuring.......................................................................................... 5
2. Kernbegrippen van strafrecht..........................................................................5
A. Wettigheid.................................................................................................... 6
B. Harm vs. Rechtsgüter – schade vs rechtsgoederen......................................7
C. VerwijtbaarheiD............................................................................................ 9

Hoofdstuk 2: Wettigheid....................................................................12
1. Geschiedenis................................................................................................. 12
A. De oorsprong.............................................................................................. 12
B. Evolutie tot nu toe...................................................................................... 13
C. Conclusie.................................................................................................... 15
2. Componenten of subprincipes.......................................................................15
3. Legaliteit als element van het delict: de "élément juridique"-theorie...........16

Hoofdstuk 3: De structuur van strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid........17
1. Algemeen...................................................................................................... 17
2. EngelanD....................................................................................................... 17
3. Frankrijk........................................................................................................ 19
A. Algemene theorie....................................................................................... 19
B. Theorie van de vier elementen:..................................................................19
C. Theorie van drie elementen........................................................................20
D. Variatie op de theorie van twee elementen...............................................20
4. Duitsland....................................................................................................... 20
A. Algemene theorie....................................................................................... 20
B. Onafhankelijke elementen..........................................................................21

Hoofdstuk : Actus reus.....................................................................22
1. Algemeen: een handeling..............................................................................23
A. Engeland..................................................................................................... 23
B. Frankrijk...................................................................................................... 24
2. Aansprakelijkheid voor omissies...................................................................25

I

, A. Engeland..................................................................................................... 25
B. Frankrijk...................................................................................................... 25
3. Oorzakelijk verband...................................................................................... 26
A. Engeland..................................................................................................... 26
B. Frankrijk...................................................................................................... 27

Hoofdstuk 5: Mens rea......................................................................29
1. Algemeen...................................................................................................... 29
A. Engeland..................................................................................................... 29
B. Frankrijk...................................................................................................... 29
2. Bedoeling (dolus).......................................................................................... 29
A. Engeland..................................................................................................... 29
B. Frankrijk...................................................................................................... 31
3. Roekeloosheid............................................................................................... 33
A. Engeland..................................................................................................... 33
B. Duitsland.................................................................................................... 34
4. Nalatigheid (culpa)........................................................................................ 34
A. Engeland..................................................................................................... 35
B. Frankrijk...................................................................................................... 35
C. Discussie.................................................................................................... 36

Hoofdstuk 6: Rechtvaardiging, excuses of algemene en bijzondere
verweermiddelen..............................................................................37
1. Inleiding........................................................................................................ 37
2. Voorbeeld: rechtvaardiging...........................................................................37

Hoofdstuk 7: Strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid van ondernemingen en
andere vormen van strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid in de toekomst. 43
1. Strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid van bedrijven...........................................43
2. Andere vormen van strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid in de toekomst: AI en
robots................................................................................................................ 45

Hoofdstuk 1: gerechtelijk systeem en vervolging................................46
A. Frankrijk........................................................................................................ 46
1. Rechtbanken............................................................................................... 46
2. Vervolging................................................................................................... 52
B. Nederland..................................................................................................... 53
1. Rechtbanken............................................................................................... 53
2. Vervolging................................................................................................... 55
C. Duitsland....................................................................................................... 56
1. rechtbanken................................................................................................ 56
2. Vervolging................................................................................................... 61
D. Engeland (NIET VOOR EXAMEN)...................................................................61

II

, 1. Rechtbanken............................................................................................... 61
2. Vervolging................................................................................................... 66
E. Zwitserland (niet voor examen)....................................................................69
1. rechtbanken................................................................................................ 69
2. Het openbaar ministerie............................................................................. 71

Hoofdstuk 2: procedure voor het proces en voorhechtenis..................73
A. Frankrijk........................................................................................................ 79
1. algemene opmerkingen over de procedure voor het proces......................79
2. de procedure voor het proces.....................................................................80
B. Nederland................................................................................................... 101
1. Algemene opmerkingen over de strafprocedure......................................101
2. Procedure vóór het proces........................................................................103
C. Duitsland..................................................................................................... 109
1. algemene opmerkingen over de strafprocedure.......................................109
2. Vooronderzoek.......................................................................................... 109
3. Voorlopige hechtenis................................................................................ 114
4. Afsluiting van de onderzoeken..................................................................115
D. Engeland..................................................................................................... 123
1. Algemene opmerkingen over de strafprocedure......................................123
2. De procedures voorafgaand aan het proces.............................................126

Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding harmonisatieproces.......................................143
1. Algemene inleiding...................................................................................... 143
2. Harmonisatie van strafvordering is moeilijker.............................................143
3. Zijn strafrechtsystemen aan het convergeren; 2 meningen:.......................144

Hoofdstuk 2: Het Europees openbaar ministerie (EPPO)....................145
1. inleiding....................................................................................................... 145
2. Redenen voor creatie..................................................................................145
3. organisatie.................................................................................................. 146
3.1 Het centrale niveau................................................................................ 146
3.2 Gedecentraliseerd niveau: de Europese Gedelegeerde Aanklager.........150
4. Bevoegdheid en uitoefening van de bevoegdheden van EPPO...................151
4.1 Bevoegdheid (artikel 22)........................................................................151
4.2 Uitoefening van bevoegdheid.................................................................152

Hoofdstuk 3: Harmonisatie van de criminele procedure – de rechten van
de partijen......................................................................................154
1. Harmonisatie door de rechtspraak van de EHRM........................................154
2. Harmonisatie van crimineel procedure door EU-recht: invoering................155
3. Het recht op interpretatie En vertaling in strafrechtelijke procedure..........156

III

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