Summary of Lessons from Mrs. Almaz
These notes are a comprehensive collection of all lessons taught by Mrs. Almaz from week 1 to week 12. The topics covered include:
Defining Culture
Hofstede's Dimensions
Low- and High-Context Cultures
The Culture Map
Influencers Con't
Language and Culture
...
2. Elements of Culture ....................................................................................................................... 8
3. Mental Programming ..................................................................................................................... 9
3.1. Introduction to Mental Programming ...................................................................................... 9
3.2. Levels of Uniqueness in Mental Programming ..................................................................... 10
4. Identity, Values & Institutions – in a Cultural Context ............................................................ 10
4.1. Identity in a Cultural Context:................................................................................................ 10
4.2. Values in a Cultural Context: ................................................................................................ 11
4.3. Institutions in a Cultural Context: .......................................................................................... 11
5. Cultural Spheres - exploring influence from the individual to the globa .............................. 12
6. Cultural Analysis: Uncovering cultural insights ...................................................................... 12
7. Intercultural sensitivity: a framework for understanding ....................................................... 13
9. How does a better understanding of international perspective benefit you? ...................... 14
10. Quotes in powerpoints: .......................................................................................................... 15
Geert Hofstade ................................................................................................................................... 15
1. Hofstede’s 6 Dimensions at a high level ....................................................................................... 16
10.1. Hofstede’s 6 Dimensions (snapshot): ................................................................................... 17
2. Hofstede – in detail .......................................................................................................................... 17
2.1 Power Distance Index – (PDI) ..................................................................................................... 17
2.1.1 Exploring Power Distance Across Cultures .......................................................................... 18
2.2 Individualism versus Collectivism– (IDV) ..................................................................................... 18
2.2.1 Exploring Individualism and Collectivism Across Cultures................................................... 19
2.3 Masculine versus Feminine – (MAS) .......................................................................................... 19
2.3.1 Exploring Masculinity/ Femininity Across Cultures .............................................................. 20
2.4 Uncertainty Avoidance Index – (UAI) .......................................................................................... 20
2.4.1 Reflecting on UAI.................................................................................................................. 21
2.5 Long Term Orientation – (LTO) ................................................................................................... 22
Long-term orientation ........................................................................................................................... 22
= Focuses on the future, valuing hard work, saving money, and patience to achieve long-term goals .......... 22
Samenvatting Intercultural Communiaction 2
, Short-term orientation .......................................................................................................................... 22
= Focuses on the present and past, valuing traditions, maintaining reputation, and meeting social
expectations now.................................................................................................................................. 22
2.6 Indulgence versus Restraint– (IND)............................................................................................. 22
2.7 Reflect on IND ....................................................................................................................... 23
2. Impact on Business Priorities .................................................................................................... 24
3. Every country has a competitive advantage ............................................................................ 25
4. Cross Cultural Influencers.......................................................................................................... 26
Edward T. Hall.................................................................................................................................... 26
5.1 Low Context ................................................................................................................................. 27
5.2 High Context ................................................................................................................................ 27
6. Low versus High Context ................................................................................................................ 28
7. Video – Low Context vs. High Context .......................................................................................... 28
8. Real Life Scenarios - Let’s Practice ............................................................................................... 30
8.1 Real Life Scenarios – Key Takeaway .......................................................................................... 32
2. Erin Meyer’s 7 dimensions/ 8 scales for behavior and communication .................................... 33
4.1 Communicating ............................................................................................................................ 35
4.2 Evaluating .................................................................................................................................... 36
4.3 Persuading ................................................................................................................................... 38
4.4 Leading ........................................................................................................................................ 38
4.5 Deciding ....................................................................................................................................... 39
4.6 Trusting ........................................................................................................................................ 39
4.7 Disagreeing .................................................................................................................................. 40
4.8 Scheduling .................................................................................................................................. 41
5.1 Consulting Services ..................................................................................................................... 45
6.1 World Value Survey (WVS) ........................................................................................................ 46
Monitors changes in people's values, beliefs, and attitudes globally over time, influenced by economic, social,
and political shifts. ................................................................................................................................ 46
Scope: .................................................................................................................................................. 46
- A global study spanning topics like politics, religion, family, work, gender roles, and societal values... 46
Longitudinal Study: ............................................................................................................................... 46
- Repeated waves of data collection track value and attitude changes over time, both within and across
countries. ............................................................................................................................................. 46
Cross-Cultural Comparison: ................................................................................................................... 46
Samenvatting Intercultural Communiaction 3
, Compares values across cultures, highlighting similarities, differences, and their links to social and economic
factors. ................................................................................................................................................ 46
6.2 World Value Survey (WVS) ........................................................................................................ 46
6.3 World Value Survey (WVS) ........................................................................................................ 47
6.4 World Value Survey (WVS): Inglehart–Welzel Cultural Map ....................................................... 47
6.1 4 Pillars for Effective Communication ......................................................................................... 51
6.2. Mindset Hurdle: tradeoff between ............................................................................................... 52
6.2 Rule #1: Know your audience ...................................................................................................... 53
6.3 When writing an email - DON’Ts! ................................................................................................ 54
6.4 When writing an email – DO’s! .................................................................................................... 55
6.5 Texting – emojis by country .......................................................................................................... 56
7.1 Cultural Etiquette ......................................................................................................................... 57
7.2 Example of dining etiquette ......................................................................................................... 58
7.3 Tips for understanding etiquette .................................................................................................. 58
7.4 Dining Etiquette: time spent eating and drinking ......................................................................... 60
7.5 Examples of dining etiquette ........................................................................................................ 61
Mexico: ................................................................................................................................................ 61
❑“Buen provecho” – before eating. ....................................................................................................... 61
❑ Certain foods, like tacos, are eaten with one’s hands. .......................................................................... 61
Russia: ................................................................................................................................................. 61
❑ Custom to make eye contact when toasting during a meal. ................................................................. 61
Spain: .................................................................................................................................................. 61
❑ Eating dinner as late at 9 or 10pm is customary. ................................................................................. 61
❑ Tapas are common and a great way to try different foods. .................................................................. 61
Korea: .................................................................................................................................................. 61
❑ Remove shoes before entering someone’s home ................................................................................. 61
❑ Customary to use both hands when giving/ receiving something including dishes, etc............................ 61
❑ Polite to wait until the eldest person at the table begins to eat. ........................................................... 61
7.6 Drinking Etiquette ......................................................................................................................... 62
7.7 Examples of drinking etiquette.................................................................................................... 62
7.8 Other examples of etiquette ......................................................................................................... 63
7.9 Taboos ......................................................................................................................................... 64
Class 8: Building trust ......................................................................................................................... 64
1. Building trust ................................................................................................................................... 65
8.1 How to Build Trust and Rapport:.................................................................................................. 66
8.2 Build trust & rapport – in your words ........................................................................................... 67
Samenvatting Intercultural Communiaction 4
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