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Media, Publieken en Identiteit samenvatting
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Samenvatting van media, publieken en identiteit gebaseerd op notities uit de les, powerpoints en extra colleges
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Media, publieken en identiteitInhoudstafel
Media, publieken en identiteit................................................................................ 1
1. College 1A: Centrale concepten.........................................................................6
1.1. Trends in mediagebruik................................................................................ 6
1.2. Inleiding tot concept identiteit...................................................................13
1.2.1. Identiteitsvorming: de psychologie van adolescentie...........................13
1.2.2. Jongerencultuur en de sociologie van jongeren.......................................13
1.2.3. Sociale identiteit: het individu en de groep..........................................14
1.2.4. Het terugwinnen van identiteiten: identiteitspolitiek...........................14
1.2.5. Het ‘laatmoderne’ onderwerp: identiteit in de sociale theorie.............14
1.3. Rol van media bij identiteitsvorming..........................................................14
1.3.1. Identiteit van het zijn en het worden....................................................15
1.3.2. Identiteitsvorming door middel van betekenisvolle daden van
mediaconsumptie........................................................................................... 15
1.3.3. Mediaconsumptie in verband met identiteitsprojecten........................15
1.3.4. Uses & Gratifications Theory: identiteit als sociaal en cultureel
gesitueerd...................................................................................................... 15
1.3.4.1. Een wereldburger zijn met de hulp van media..................................15
1.3.4.2. Student zijn met de hulp van media.................................................16
1.3.4.3. Jong zijn met de hulp van media.......................................................16
1.3.4.4. Een toegewijde zijn met de hulp van media......................................16
1.3.4.5. Gezond zijn met de hulp van media..................................................16
1.3.5. Conclusie.............................................................................................. 16
1.4. Identiteit in beleid...................................................................................... 16
1.4.1. Hoe omgaan met culturele diversiteit?................................................16
2. College 1B: Mediaselectiviteit en impact op identiteit (Slater).........................17
2.1. Versterkende spiralen................................................................................. 17
2.1.1. Versterkende spiralen en onderhoud van sociale identiteit..................18
2.2. Versterkende spiralen (2)...........................................................................19
2.3. Implicaties voor enkele theorieën van media invloed en mediagebruik.....19
2.4. Case-studies............................................................................................... 20
2.4.1. The internet and sexual identity formation: comparing Internet use
before and after coming out - Szulc & Dhoest (2013)....................................20
2.4.2. How social media shape identity - Ulrike Schultze...............................20
2.4.3. Religion and its impact on news media consumption - d’Haenens,
Gezduci & Koeman......................................................................................... 21
, 2.4.4. A matter of skin – Lorna Roth...............................................................24
3. College 2: Persoonlijke identiteit: de rol van digitale media bij de presentatie
van onszelf........................................................................................................... 24
3.1. Persoonlijke identiteit................................................................................. 25
3.2. Zelfidentiteit en sociale media...................................................................26
3.2.1. Culturele sociologie.............................................................................. 26
3.2.2. Politieke economie............................................................................... 28
3.2.3. Actor-netwerk theorie...........................................................................29
3.3. Conclusie.................................................................................................... 30
4. College 3: Sociale en politieke identiteit: sociaal kapitaal in relatie tot integratie
en politieke bewegingen....................................................................................... 31
4.1. Case: Sociale bewegingen in het Midden-Oosten.......................................31
4.1.1. ICTs en repertoires van acties..............................................................31
4.1.2. LGBTQ Activists in the MENA Region....................................................32
4.2. Wat is sociaal kapitaal?.............................................................................. 32
4.2.1. Soorten kapitaal................................................................................... 32
4.3. Sociaal kapitaal en burgerlijk engagement................................................33
4.3.1. Putnam’s analyse................................................................................. 33
4.3.2. Putnam’s bewijsmateriaal....................................................................33
4.3.3. Wat onthouden van sociaal kapitaal?...................................................33
4.3.4. Owen & Videras (2006)........................................................................33
4.3.5. Bridging and Bonding (Putnam, 2000).................................................34
4.3.6. SC: Europese maatregelen maken gebruik van twee types van
organisatieactiviteiten.................................................................................... 34
4.3.7. Is Bridging het antwoord voor Europese etnische minderheden?.........36
4.4. Problemen met bonding en bridging..........................................................36
4.5. Onderzoek.................................................................................................. 36
4.5.1. Sociaal kapitalistische maatregelen in onderzoek................................36
4.5.2. Bevindingen met betrekking tot sociaal kapitaal.................................36
4.5.3. Onderzoek door Ogan & d’Haenens (2012)..........................................37
4.6. De banden die de diaspora met Turkije en Europa verbinden tijdens de
Gezi-protesten................................................................................................... 39
4.7. Fluctuerende identificaties onder Marokkanen van de tweede generatie in
NL en BE: verder kijken dan persoonlijke ervaringen via sociale netwerkanalyse
.......................................................................................................................... 47
4.7.1. Micro level: media receptie en identificatie..........................................47
4.7.2. Macro: relationeel discours analyse.....................................................48
5. College 4: Religieuze identiteit.........................................................................49
5.1. Een kritische interpretatie van 20 essays over de islam in Vlaanderen.....49
, 5.1.1. Problematische integratie op de arbeidsmarkt en economische
ongelijkheid.................................................................................................... 50
5.1.2. De kwestie van een totalitaire islam....................................................51
5.1.3. "Othering" en strategische overdrijving...............................................51
5.1.4. Het debat over de islamitische sluier...................................................52
5.1.5. Verlichting als Kompas.........................................................................53
5.1.6. Conclusies............................................................................................ 53
5.2. Religieuze Identiteit: De rol van mediapraktijken in
radicaliseringsprocessen - Perspectieven vanuit Europa...................................53
5.2.1. Introductie............................................................................................ 53
5.2.2. Gemeenschappelijke wijsheid..............................................................53
5.2.3. Visualisatie........................................................................................... 56
5.2.4. Case-studie 1:Islamitische Staat, Dabiq Tijdschrift, een inhoudsanalyse
....................................................................................................................... 57
5.2.5. Case-studie 2: Krantenanalyse van representaties van Islam in West-
Europa............................................................................................................ 61
5.3. Case-studie 3: Een cross-culturele krantenanalyse van representaties van
Islam in West-Europa......................................................................................... 63
5.3.1. Setting the scene................................................................................. 63
5.3.2. Dimensies van het debat over de islam...............................................64
5.3.3. Voorbeeldsamenstelling.......................................................................64
5.3.4. Hypothesen.......................................................................................... 64
5.3.5. Resultaten............................................................................................ 65
5.3.6. Conclusies............................................................................................ 67
6. Webinars and presentations on Radicalism, Extremism and Islamophobia......67
6.1. Abdelwahed Mekki-Berrada: Scholarly and media Islamophobia – a
transnational study of discourses and their impact...........................................67
6.2. Thomas Frissen: Internet, the great radicalizer?.........................................69
6.3. Marie Figoureux: Continue conversations on radicalisation: voices from the
suspect community........................................................................................... 71
6.4. Ans De Nolf: Face to face with Islamophobia: a qualitative study into the
coping mechanisms among Muslim Youth in Flanders.......................................72
6.4.1. Islamophobia........................................................................................ 72
6.4.2. The context.......................................................................................... 72
6.4.3. The research........................................................................................ 72
6.4.4. Experiencing Islamophobia..................................................................73
6.4.5. Coping with Islamophobia....................................................................73
6.4.6. Discussion & research..........................................................................74
6.5. Islamophobia (added Ans De Nolf).............................................................74
, 6.5.1. Theoretical building blocks...................................................................74
6.5.2. Researching Islamophobia...................................................................74
6.5.3. Newspaper coverage of Islam and Muslims.........................................75
6.5.4. Thematic analysis................................................................................ 75
6.5.5. How is Islam portrayed within Belgian newspapers?............................76
6.5.6. The impact of Islamophobia on Well-being & coping strategies...........79
6.6. Ann Trappers: Safe Spaces, Sensitive Subjects: Conversations with Young
People on Religious Radicalisations and the Media...........................................81
6.6.1. The Workshops..................................................................................... 81
6.6.2. How it started – dialogue sessions.......................................................81
6.6.3. Conclusions from WS evaluations (19-20)............................................81
6.6.4. The safe spaces concept......................................................................82
7. College 5: Identiteit en migratie, medianarratieven en opinievorming.............82
7.1. Case: de migratie- en asielcrisis in Europa – berichtgeving en publieke
opinie................................................................................................................ 83
7.1.1. Context voor onderzoek: professionele journalistiek versus nepnieuws
....................................................................................................................... 84
7.1.2. Onderzoeksvragen............................................................................... 87
7.1.3. Beeldvorming over vluchtelingen en immigranten...............................87
7.1.4. Hypotheses.......................................................................................... 88
7.1.5. Conclusie.............................................................................................. 91
7.2. Opinieonderzoek – surveys en focusgroepen.............................................91
7.2.1. Voorgaand onderzoek – literatuurstudie...............................................91
7.2.2. Methode............................................................................................... 93
7.3. Filterbubbel?............................................................................................... 97
7.3.1. Literatuurstudie.................................................................................... 97
7.3.2. Methode............................................................................................... 97
7.3.3. Resultaten............................................................................................ 98
7.3.3.1. Individuele verschillen.......................................................................98
7.3.3.2. Landverschillen................................................................................. 99
7.4. Zelfpercepties van journalisten................................................................100
7.4.1. Resultaten.......................................................................................... 101
8. College 6: Identiteit in beleid: media- en cultureel diversiteitsbeleid in Europa
........................................................................................................................... 103
8.1. Historische wortels van de moslim in Europa...........................................104
8.2. Beleid inzake culturele diversiteit in Europa: tussen integratie en veiligheid
........................................................................................................................ 106
8.3. Media en diversiteit.................................................................................. 108
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