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Samenvatting - International Business (HBA01h)
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INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS [HBA01H]- Chapter 1: Deglobalization and introduction
- Chapter 2: Formal institutions
- Chapter 3: Informal institutions
- Chapter 4: Identification of firm resources and IB
- Chapter 6: Investing abroad directly
- Chapter 9: Global integration and multilateral organizations
- Chapter 11: Starting international business
- Chapter 12: Foreign entry strategies
- Chapter 13: Competitive dynamics and merger control by DG Competition
- Chapter 14: Global growth strategies, partnerships and acquisitions
- Chapter 15: Organizing and innovating in the Multinational Enterprise
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,CHAPTER 1: AN INTRODUCTION TO KEY CONCEPTS IN IB, GLOBALIZING BUSINESS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After studying Chapter 1 and my slides/lecture you should be able to:
1. Explain the concept of international business (IB): GDP, GNI, etc…., understand trade and foreign direct investment
trends.
2. Identify one fundamental question in international business from two core perspectives that provide a framework to
explain the success of companies abroad: institution-based and/or resource-based view.
3. Provide different definitions of globalization (4). (slide 22)
4. Explain 3 views on the extent of globalization - the link between globalization and poverty reduction.
5. Explain 3 views on globalization: Friedman (flat world) vs. Florida (spiky world) vs. Ghemawat (semi-globalization)
(slide 27-29)
6. Participate in the debate on globalization/deglobalization or slowbalization with a reasonably balanced and realistic
view.
7. Discuss the factors discouraging globalization.
8. WHAT TO STUDY FOR THIS CHAPTER? The material offered in my slides + in book : Chapter 1: p. 3- 24
TERMINOLOGY: WHAT IS GLOBAL BUSINESS
International Een business (bedrijf) dat zich bezighoudt met internationale
business (IB) (grensoverschrijdende) economische activiteiten en/of het doen van zaken in
het buitenland.
Global business • Wereldwijde activiteiten, waaronder zowel internationale
(GB) (grensoverschrijdende) activiteiten als binnenlandse bedrijfsactiviteiten
• Nationaal en internationaal
Multinational Een bedrijf dat zich bezighoudt met foreign direct investments (directe
entreprise (MNE) buitenlandse investeringen) en actief is in meerdere landen. (world largest MNE
= Walmart
Foreign direct = directe buitenlandse investeringen, investments in, controlling, and managing
investment (FDI) value-added activities in other countries <- > portfolio investment
• Investeringen waarbij je directe controle wint (bedrijf managen)
• Voorbeelden FDI:
o Joint-ventures zijn FDI, want moederbedrijf heeft aandelen
o Filiaal is FDI, want 100% van moederbedrijf
• Geen FDI:
o Franchising is geen FDI, dit zijn contractuele relaties, ze gaan die
bedrijven niet managen (wel structuur en look&feel overnemen)
o Portfolio investeringen = investeren in bedrijven zonder
ownership, geen bedoelen om te managen (<10%) (geen FDI)
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, Engage IB in 2 ways:
1) Trough contractual arrangements (eg. Export)
2) By undertaking foreign direct investment = FDI = start to own & control foreign operations
a. Investment aimed at controlling and managing value-added activities in other countries
Firms that have undertaken FDI and thus control and manage value-added activities in multiple countries are called
MNEs
IMPORTANT ECONOMIC TERMS: GNP, GDP AND GNI
Belangrijke termen
= Som toegevoegde waardes van wat geproduceerd wordt door de
Gross National Product (GNP)
bedrijven van dat land (bedrijven + gezinnen + overheid)
Bruto Nationaal Product (BNP)
= productie binnen het land
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) = Som toegevoegde waardes van wat geproduceerd wordt in land
Bruto Binnenlands Product (BBP) = productie door mensen die in het land wonen (kunnen in ander land werken)
= BBP + inkomens in buitenland – inkomsten buitenlanders
Gross National Income (GNI)
= verdiend/geproduceerd binnen de landsgrenzen door de
Bruto Nationaal Inkomen (BNI)
staatsburgers van een land
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) = Aanpassing van het BBP om rekening te houden met verschillen
Koopkrachtpariteit (KKP) in de kosten van levensonderhoud
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