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Samenvatting verdieping in ziekteleer 1

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! de delen systeemziekten en dermatologie zijn hier niet in opgenomen Samenvatting van Verdieping in Ziekteleer I, gegeven in de 1e master klinische biomedische wetenschappen.

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  • December 29, 2024
  • 95
  • 2024/2025
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Verdieping in de ziekteleer 1
Inhoud
Inleiding................................................................................................................6
1. Het diagnostisch en therapeutisch proces........................................................6
2. Evidence-based practice...................................................................................6
Cardiovasculair stelsel..........................................................................................8
1. Structuur en functies van het hart....................................................................8
2. Symptomen geassocieerd met hartpathologie.................................................9
3. Onderzoeksmethoden.....................................................................................10
4. Pathologie van het hart...................................................................................10
Congenitale hartaandoeningen....................................................................10
Verworven klepgebreken..............................................................................10
Infectueuze endocarditis...............................................................................12
Hartdecompensatie......................................................................................12
Pericarditis....................................................................................................14
Pathologie van de coronaire bloedvaten.......................................................14
Hartritmestoornissen....................................................................................15
Cardiomyopathiën........................................................................................16
5. Arteriële bloedvaten.......................................................................................16
Structuur en functies....................................................................................16
Atherosclerose van de perifere arteriële bloedvaten....................................17
Arteriële hypertensie....................................................................................18
6. Vasculair stelsel..............................................................................................19
Anatomie en functionele aspecten...............................................................19
Pathologie van de venen van de onderste ledematen..................................19
Hematologische ziekten en stollingsstoornissen.................................................21
1. Hematologische ziekten..................................................................................21
Afwijking rode bloedcellen............................................................................22
Afwijkingen witte bloedcellen.......................................................................23
Afwijkingen bloedplaatjes.............................................................................24
2. Stollingsstoornissen........................................................................................25
Nefrologie............................................................................................................26
1. Structuur en functie nieren.............................................................................26
2. Onderzoeken...................................................................................................27
3. Acute nierinsufficiëntie (ANI)...........................................................................28
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,4. Chronische nierinsufficiëntie...........................................................................29
5. Terminologie....................................................................................................31
Urologie...............................................................................................................32
1. Anatomie en functie........................................................................................32
2. Onderzoeken...................................................................................................32
3. Benigne prostaathypertrofie...........................................................................32
4. Prostatitis........................................................................................................33
5. Prostaatkanker................................................................................................33
6. Blaaskanker.....................................................................................................34
7. Renaal cel carcinoma......................................................................................35
8. Nefrolithiasis...................................................................................................35
9. Mannelijke seksuele dysfucntie.......................................................................35
Longen en luchtwegen........................................................................................36
1. Structuur en functies......................................................................................36
2. Symptomen bij pathologie luchtwegen...........................................................37
3. Onderzoeksmethoden.....................................................................................37
4. Afwijkingen van de normale ventilatie............................................................39
Algemene kenmerken...................................................................................39
5. Pathologie van de longen................................................................................40
Pneumonie....................................................................................................40
Bronchectasieën...........................................................................................41
Asthma.........................................................................................................41
COPD............................................................................................................42
Longcarcinoom.............................................................................................44
Tuberculose...................................................................................................45
Diffuse intestitiële aandoeningen.................................................................46
6. Pathologie van de pleura................................................................................47
Pneumothorax..............................................................................................47
Pleurale effusie.............................................................................................48
7. Obstructief slaapapneusyndroom (OSAS).......................................................48
Gastro-enterologie..............................................................................................50
1. Structuur en functie........................................................................................50
De pharynx...................................................................................................50
De esophagus...............................................................................................50
De maag.......................................................................................................50
De dunne darm.............................................................................................51
2

, De dikke darm (colon)...................................................................................51
Rectum en anaal kanaal...............................................................................51
2. Onderzoeken...................................................................................................51
3. De slokdarm....................................................................................................52
Motorische slokdarmstoornissen...................................................................52
Gastro-oesophagale reflux ziekte (GERD).....................................................53
Slokdarmkanker............................................................................................54
Andere slokdarmaandoeningen....................................................................54
4. De maag.........................................................................................................54
Gastritis........................................................................................................54
Maagkanker..................................................................................................55
Dyspepsie.....................................................................................................56
5. Bariatrische heelkunde...................................................................................56
6. De dunne darm...............................................................................................57
Coeliakie.......................................................................................................57
Lactose intolerantie......................................................................................57
Invaginatie....................................................................................................58
Divertikel van Meckel....................................................................................58
Appendicitis..................................................................................................58
7. Het colon.........................................................................................................58
Spastisch colon.............................................................................................58
Volvulus........................................................................................................59
Diverticulose.................................................................................................59
Inflammatoire darmziekten...........................................................................59
8. Kanker.............................................................................................................61
9. Acuut abdomen...............................................................................................61
10. Terminologie..................................................................................................62
Hepatologie.........................................................................................................62
1. Structuur en functie........................................................................................62
2. Onderzoeken...................................................................................................63
3. Hepatitis..........................................................................................................63
Acute infectieuze hepatitis...........................................................................63
Chronische hepatitis.....................................................................................64
Toxische hepatitis.........................................................................................64
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease...................................................................65
Haemochromatose........................................................................................65
3

, Cholestatische leverziekten..........................................................................66
Vasculaire leverziekten.................................................................................66
Andere leverziekten......................................................................................66
Levercirrose..................................................................................................66
4. Galweglijden...................................................................................................68
5. Acute pancreatitis...........................................................................................68
6. Chronische pancreatitis...................................................................................68
7. Pancreaskanker...............................................................................................68
Neurologie...........................................................................................................69
1. Semeiologie....................................................................................................69
2. Neurotrauma...................................................................................................71
Dwarslaesie..................................................................................................71
Epiduraal hematoom....................................................................................72
Traumatische hoofdletsels............................................................................72
3. Hersentumoren...............................................................................................74
4. CVA.................................................................................................................74
Ischemisch CVA.............................................................................................75
Hersenbloeding.............................................................................................78
5. Bewegingsstoornissen.....................................................................................80
Parkinsonisme...............................................................................................81
Ziekte van Parkinson....................................................................................81
Essentiële tremor..........................................................................................83
Ziekte van Huntington..................................................................................83
6. Cerebellaire aandoeningen.............................................................................84
Ischemisch....................................................................................................84
Tumoraal.......................................................................................................84
Infammatoir..................................................................................................84
Intoxicaties...................................................................................................84
Deficiënties...................................................................................................84
Degeneratief.................................................................................................85
7. Neuromusculaire aandoeningen.....................................................................85
8. Multiple sclerose.............................................................................................86
9. Infectieuze aandoeningen...............................................................................88
Bacteriële meningitis....................................................................................88
Virale meningitis...........................................................................................89
Encefalitis.....................................................................................................89
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