Samenvatting Anatomie I - Geneeskunde: hoofd, hals, nek, rug en bekken
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Course
Anatomie I (E0I40A)
Institution
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)
Dit zijn alle te kennen termen van Anatomie I met bijpassende illustraties. De osteologie, myologie, syndesmologie en zenuwen van het hoofd, de hals, de nek, de rug en het bekken komen aan bod. Uitgezonderd de thorax en buikwand.
OSTEOLOGIE HOOFD
Hoofdcompartimenten
• Cranium cerebrale
o Hersenen
o Meningen in hersenvocht
o Gehoorapparaat in schedelbasis
• Cranium viscerale
o Oogkassen = orbitae
o Neus (naar nasopharynx)
▪ Nares: vooraan
▪ Choanae: achteraan
▪ Sinussen (bijholten)
o Mondholte met tong (naar larynx)
o N. Opticus (2de hersenzenuw)
Keel
• Pharynx = keel
• Nasopharynx: achter neus
o Afgesloten door zacht gehemelte
• Epiglottis (voedsel)
o Ondergrens oropharynx
o Begin hypopharynx
• Inademen: naso → oro
o Laryngopharynx
• Uitademen: trachae & larynx
Schedel
Vooraanzicht
• Os frontale
o Arcus superciliares
o Glabella
o Margo supraorbitalis
o Incisura supraorbitalis
• Os nasale
o Apertura piriformis
• Os zygomaticum
• Maxilla
o Foramen infraorbitale (v, a, n)
o Processus alveolaris (8 tanden)
• Mandibula
o Corpus mandibulae
o Ramus mandibulae
o Protuberantia mentalis
o Linea obliqua
o Tuberositas masseterica
o Foramen / tuberculum mentale
▪ n. alveolaris inf (n. mentalis)
1
,Zijaanzicht
• Os parietale
• Os occipitale
• Os temporale
o Arcus zygomaticus
o Meatus (porus) acusticus externus
o Processus mastoideus
o Pars squamosa
o Processus styloideus
• Ala major os sphenoidale
• Sutura coronalis
• Sutura squamosa
• Sutura occipitomastoidea
• Sutura parietomastoidea
• Sutura temporozygomatica
• Ramus mandibulae
o Processus coronoideus
o Processus condylaris
o Incisura mandibulae
o Angulus mandibulae
Achteraanzicht
• Sutura saggitalis
• Sutura lambdoidea
• Sutura occipitomastoidea
• Protuberantia occipitalis externa (knobbel)
• Linea nuchae superior
• Linea nuchae inferior
• Crista occipitalis externa
• Foramen magnum (achterhoofdsgat)
o hersenstam
Onderaanzicht
• Hard gehemelte
o Os palatinum
o Sutura palatina
o Processus palatinus
o Foramen incisivum
o Foramen palatinum majus / minus
• Vomer
• Os sphenoidale
o Corpus
o Ala maior / minor
o Proc. pterygoideus
▪ Lamina medialis / lateralis
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, • Condylen op os occipitale (contact met C)
o Foramen jugulare (v. jugulare + n. accessorius)
o Canalis caroticus (a. caroticus)
o Foramen lacerum
o Foramen spinosum
o Foramen ovale (n. trigeminus (V))
→ voor zenuwen en bloedvaten
• Mandibula
o Foramen mandibulae
▪ N. alveolaris inf: ondertanden
▪ N. mentalis: kin
o Lingula mandibulae
o Tuberositas pterygoidea
▪ M. pterygoideus medialis
o Linea mylohyoidea
o Spina mentalis
▪ M. genioglossus (bovenaan)
▪ M. geniohyoideus (onderaan)
o Fossa digastrica
▪ M. digaster venter anterior
Temporomandibulair gewricht
• Synoviaal gewricht
o Capsula articularis
o Lig. Laterale
• Discus
• Fossa articulare os temporale (dak)
• Tuberculum articulare
• Lig. Stylomandibulare
• Lig. Sphenomandibulare
→ openen en sluiten (kauwen)
→ protractie en retractie
Schedelbeenderen
• Os frontale
• Os parietale
• Os temporale
• Os occipitale
• Os sphenoidale
• Os zygomaticum
• Os lacrimale
• Os nasale
• Maxilla
• Mandibula
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