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Samenvatting WACO Chemie 4 - Doorstroomfinaliteit 1u - Natuurwetenschappen
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een samenvatting van thema 3 over het boek waco 4
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1.1 organische en anorganische stoffenmono di tri tetra penta
hexa hepta octa nona deca
-organische stoffen (koolstofverbindingen): levende materie
zetmeel, glucose, vanille
-anorganische stoffen: ( minerale verbindingen): levenloze materie
keukenzout, roest, krijt
organische stoffen anorganische stoffen
atoomsoorten altijd C, meestal H bijna alle atoomsoorten
beperkt aantal andere behalve C
atomen
totaal aantal atomen in klein tot zeer groot aantal klein aantal
formule
type binding covalente binding ion- als covalente binding
aantal gekende stoffen +5 miljoen enkele honderdduizenden
- functionele groep: bij samengestelde stoffen is een gemeenschappelijk atoom of een
identieke atoomgroep die de oorzaak is van dezelfde chemische eigenschappen
2.1 oxiden
⇒O/zuurstof
⇒metaal+niet-metaal
vb: cement, lachgas, foundation, shampoo, roest, …
2.2 hydroxiden
⇒OH/ hydroxide groep
⇒ammoniak, gebluste kalk, ontstoppers,
2.3 zuren
⇒H/ waterstof
● binaire zuren (2 atoomsoorten)
⇒ zuurrest= niet-metaal
formule systematische naam triviale naam
HCl waterstofchloride zoutzuur
H₂S diwaterstofsulfide
● ternaire zuren ( 3 atoomsoorten)
⇒zuurrest= niet-metaal + zuurstofatoom
formule systematische naam triviale naam
HNo₃ waterstofnitraat salpeterzuur
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