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Samenvatting Mens en Gezondheid 2
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Samenvatting van de lessen met boek erbij.
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Samenvatting met boekpagina’s van ‘Psychiatrie eenInleiding’ 10de editie
Mens en
Gezondheid 2
2024-2025
J.W.
25-12-2024
1
,1 Inhoud
2 Leerpad ........................................................................................................................................... 6
3 Wat is psychopathologie? ............................................................................................................... 6
3.1 Historiek van psychopathologie............................................................................................. 6
4 Symptoom vs Syndroom vs comorbiditeit ...................................................................................... 7
5 Hoe ontstaat een stoornis? ............................................................................................................. 7
5.1 Het diathese stressmodel ...................................................................................................... 7
5.2 KOP-model ............................................................................................................................. 8
6 De psychodiagnostische cyclus: ...................................................................................................... 8
6.1 Diagnostiek in de praktijk ...................................................................................................... 9
6.1.1 Interviews: ......................................................................................................................... 9
6.1.2 Psychologische tests: ......................................................................................................... 9
6.1.3 Neuropsychologisch onderzoek: ....................................................................................... 9
6.1.4 Observaties:....................................................................................................................... 9
6.2 Ondersteuning bij diagnostiek ............................................................................................. 10
6.2.1 Belangrijkste verschillen: ................................................................................................. 10
6.2.2 Voordelen van DSM-5: .................................................................................................... 10
6.2.3 Nadelen van DSM-5:........................................................................................................ 11
6.2.4 Voordelen van hokjesdenken in de psychopathologie: ................................................... 11
6.2.5 Nadelen van hokjesdenken in de psychopathologie: ...................................................... 11
7 Psychotherapeutische stromingen (boek p. 57) ............................................................................ 11
7.1 Psychoanalyse en psychodynamische benadering (p. 57) ................................................... 11
7.2 Humanistische (clientgerichte) benadering (p. 60) ............................................................. 12
7.3 Cognitieve (gedrags)benadering (p. 62) .............................................................................. 12
7.4 Systeembenadring (p. 65) .................................................................................................... 12
8 Biopsychosociaal perspectief ........................................................................................................ 13
9 Stemmingsstoornissen (H.7: paragraaf 7.1 - 7.2.3, 7.4 - 7.5) ....................................................... 14
9.1 Depressie (p. 210) ................................................................................................................ 14
9.2 Dysthyme stoornis (ook gekend als: Persisterende depressieve stoornis)......................... 16
9.3 Premenstruele stemmingsstoornis DSM5 (PMDD of PMSS) (verschil PMS!)...................... 16
9.3.1 Differentiële diagnostiek ................................................................................................. 16
9.3.2 Stellen diagnose .............................................................................................................. 16
9.4 Bipolaire stemmingsstoornis (H.7: paragraaf 7.2.4 - 7.2.5, 7.4) ......................................... 17
9.4.1 Algemene kenmerken (p. 221) ........................................................................................ 17
9.4.2 Depressie ......................................................................................................................... 17
9.4.3 Manische episode (p. 221) .............................................................................................. 17
9.4.4 Hypomanische episode ................................................................................................... 17
9.4.5 Gemengd ......................................................................................................................... 17
2
, 9.4.6 Cyclothyme stoornis (p. 221)........................................................................................... 18
10 Psychotrauma- en stressgerelateerde stoornissen (H.4: paragraaf 4.1 - 4.4) ....................... 19
10.1 Wat is stress? ....................................................................................................................... 19
10.2 Aanpassingsstoornis (p. 123) ............................................................................................... 19
10.3 Acute stressstoornis (p. 125) ............................................................................................... 19
10.4 Posttraumatische stressstoornis (p. 126)............................................................................. 20
11.1 Dissociatieve identiteitsstoornis (p. 181) ............................................................................ 21
11.2 Dissociatieve amnesie (p. 183) ............................................................................................ 21
11.3 Depersonalisatie-/derealisatiestoornis (p. 185) .................................................................. 21
12 Angststoornissen (Hoofdstuk 5: Paragraaf 5.2 - 5.6.2) ........................................................... 22
12.1 Paniekstoornis (p.140) ......................................................................................................... 22
12.2 Gegeneraliseerde angststoornis (p.172).............................................................................. 23
12.3 Specifieke fobie (p.147) ....................................................................................................... 23
12.4 Sociale angststoornis (p.150) ............................................................................................... 23
12.5 Agorafobie (p.151) ............................................................................................................... 24
13 Obsessieve-Compulsieve en verwante stoornissen ................................................................. 25
13.1 Obsessieve-compulsieve stoornis (p. 162) .......................................................................... 25
13.2 Verwante stoornissen aan OCS (verwante stoornissen tabel p. 163) .................................. 26
14 Schizofreniespectrum- en aanverwante stoornissen (H. 11: Paragraaf 11.1 - 11.5) .............. 26
14.1 Kenmerken: wanen en hallucinaties Beide zijn (positieve) symptomen van psychoses ..... 27
14.2 Kortdurende psychotische stoornis (p. 393) ........................................................................ 28
14.3 Schizofrenie (p. 365) ............................................................................................................ 28
14.4 Waanstoornis (p. 394) ......................................................................................................... 28
15 Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen (H 12: Paragraaf 12.1 - 12.8.3) .................................................. 30
15.1 Cluster A: vreemd of excentriek gedrag .............................................................................. 31
15.1.1 Paranoïde persoonlijkheidsstoornis “achterdocht” (p.403) ....................................... 31
15.1.2 Schizoïde persoonlijkheidsstoornissen “isolatie” (p.404) ........................................... 31
15.1.3 Schizotypische persoonlijkheidsstoornis “eigenaardig” (p.405) ................................. 31
15.1.4 Cluster A – aandachtspunten → Differentiële diagnostiek ........................................ 32
15.2 Cluster B: Overmatig dramatisch, emotioneel of wispelturig gedrag.................................. 32
15.2.1 Antisociale persoonlijkheidsstoornis (p.407) .............................................................. 32
15.2.2 Borderline persoonlijkheidsstoornis (p.410)............................................................... 32
15.2.3 Histrionische persoonlijkheidsstoornis (p.412)........................................................... 33
15.2.4 Narcistische persoonlijkheidsstoornis (p.413) ............................................................ 33
15.2.5 Cluster B – aandachtspunten → Differentiële diagnostiek ........................................ 33
15.3 Cluster C: Nerveus of angstig gedrag ................................................................................... 34
15.3.1 Vermijdende persoonlijkheidsstoornis (p.415) ........................................................... 34
15.3.2 Afhankelijke persoonlijkheidsstoornis (p.416) ............................................................ 34
3
, 15.3.3 Dwangmatige persoonlijkheidsstoornis (p.417) ......................................................... 34
15.3.4 Cluster C – aandachtspunten → Differentiële diagnostiek ........................................ 34
15.4 Praktische behandelingen voor persoonlijkheidsstoornissen (p. 426) ................................ 35
16 Middelgerelateerde stoornissen en verslavingen (H8: Paragraaf 8.1 - 8.8, p. 253) .............. 36
16.1 Psychoactieve stoffen .......................................................................................................... 36
16.2 Afhankelijkheid .................................................................................................................... 37
16.3 Tolerantie: ............................................................................................................................ 37
16.4 Middelen gerelateerde stoornis: ......................................................................................... 38
16.4.1 Stoornissen door het gebruik van middelen............................................................... 38
16.4.2 Stoornissen in het gebruik van middelen ................................................................... 39
16.4.3 Niet –middelgerelateerde verslaving: gokstoornis ..................................................... 39
17 Neurocognitieve stoornissen ( H 14: Paragraaf 14.1 - 14.2; P. 481) ....................................... 43
17.1 Delirium – Tijdelijke acute verwardheid (p.484).................................................................. 43
18 Niet-aangeboren hersenaandoening - NAH ............................................................................. 45
18.1 Hersenberoerte ................................................................................................................... 46
18.1.1 Herseninfarct: ............................................................................................................. 46
18.1.2 Hersenbloeding: .......................................................................................................... 46
18.2 Traumatisch hersenletsel (TBI): ........................................................................................... 46
18.3 Hersenziekten: ..................................................................................................................... 47
19 Voeding- en eetstoornissen (H. 9: Paragraaf 9.1 - 9.10.2) ...................................................... 48
19.1 Anorexia nervosa (p.298)..................................................................................................... 48
19.2 Boulimia nervosa (p.300) → Herhaaldelijk overeten + compensatoir gedrag .................... 48
19.3 Eetbuistoornis (p.302) → vreetbuien zonder compensatoir gedrag ................................... 48
19.4 Hoe stellen we diagnose? .................................................................................................... 49
19.5 Risicofactoren (p. 303) ......................................................................................................... 49
19.6 Behandeling (p. 309)............................................................................................................ 50
20 Slaap- en waakstoornissen (p. 317) ........................................................................................ 51
20.1 Insomnia (p. 318) ................................................................................................................. 52
20.2 Hypersomnolentiestoornis (p. 320) ..................................................................................... 52
20.3 Narcolepsie (p. 320) ............................................................................................................. 53
20.4 Ademhalingsgerelateerde slaapstoornissen (p. 321) .......................................................... 53
20.5 Slaap – en waakstoornissen gebonden aan circadiaanse ritmiek (p. 323) .......................... 53
20.6 Parasomnia’s (p. 323)........................................................................................................... 53
20.6.1 Pavor Nocturnus (p. 324) ............................................................................................ 54
20.6.2 Slaapwandelen (p. 324) .............................................................................................. 54
20.6.3 Remslaapstoornis (p. 325) .......................................................................................... 54
20.6.4 Nachtmeriestoornis (p. 325) ....................................................................................... 54
20.7 Diagnostiek van slaapstoornissen:....................................................................................... 54
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