Summary
BIOL 1407 Tracing Evolutionary History Summary
- Course
- BIOL-1407
- Institution
- Tarleton State University
This is a comprehensive and detailed summary on; Tracing Evolutionary History.
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Tracing evolutionary history- Macro evolution is evolutionary change above the species level
Protocells
- In a cell enzymes build polymers out of monomers
- Protocells form when lipids are mixed with water creating vesicles when a clay that is
thought to have been on early earth is mixed w the solution these vesicles form at a
faster rate
- Some RNA molecules act as a catalyst for the formation of RNA chains and RNA
replication, these RNA molecules are called ribozymes which carry out enzyme like
functions
How fossils are dated
- Radiometric dating is a method of determining the ages of rocks based on the decay of
radioactive isotopes
Continental drift
- According to the theory of plate tectonics Earth’s crust is divided into giant irregularly
shaped plates that essentially float on the underlying mantle causing continental drift
- About 250 million years ago plate movement brought all the previously separated land
masses together into a super continent called Pangea
Mass extinctions
- The Permian extinction- 252 Mya killed 96% of marine life and at least 70% of terrestrial
life
- Cretaceous extinction- the extinction of pterosaurs and almost all dinosaurs leaving thing
on the descendants of one lineage birds
Changes in developmental rate/timing
- Pedomorphosis- the retention in the adult body of structures that were juvenile features
in an ancestral species
- Homeotic genes the master control genes, determines such basic features as where a
pair of wings or legs will develop on a fruit fly. Changes in homeotic genes or in how or
where such genes are expressed can impact body form
Taxonomy and phylogeny
- Taxonomy is the branch of biology concerned w identifying naming and classifying
species it was introduced in the 18th century by carl Linnaeus
- In the Linnaean system, biologist can assign each species a two part scientific name or
binomial the first part of the binomial is the genus to which the species or specific
epithet and is used to distinguish each species within the genus
- Larger groupings puts genera into families puts families into orders, orders into classes,
classes into phyla, phyla into kingdom kingdoms into domains
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