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Samenvatting - Statistiek I voor de sociale wetenschappen - VUB
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STATISTIEK I VOOR DESOCIALE
WETENSCHAPPEN
Luka Van Roy
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding....................................................................................2
1.1 Wat is statistiek......................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Waarom statistiek?................................................................................................... 3
1.3 soorten statistiek....................................................................................................... 3
1.3 misleide statistiek..................................................................................................... 4
1.4 oorsprong statistiek................................................................................................... 5
Hoofdstuk 2 : Variabelen verkennen & visualiseren.........................................5
2.1 Inleiding..................................................................................................................... 5
2.2 terminologie en kernbegrippen.................................................................................6
2.3 Variabelen & meetniveaus........................................................................................9
2.4 Frequntieverdelingen & grafische voorstellingen....................................................14
2.5 Let’s try !................................................................................................................ 21
2.6 datavisualisatie....................................................................................................... 21
Hoofdstuk 3: univariate statistische maten (deel 1).......................................21
3.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................... 21
3.2 Maten van ligging of positie.....................................................................................22
3.3 maten van spreiding................................................................................................28
Hoofdstuk 4: univariate statistische maten (deel 2).......................................29
4.2 maten van spreiding................................................................................................29
3.4 Maten van vorm...................................................................................................... 37
Hoofdstuk 5: verbanden tussen categorische variabelen................................43
5.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................... 43
5.2 samenhang tussen 2 categorische variabelen (Associatie).....................................47
Hoofdstuk 6: verbanden tussen categorische en metrische variabelen............54
6.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................... 54
6.2 Samenhang tussen 2 categorische variabelen........................................................55
Hoofdstuk 7: Verbanden tussen metrische variabelen deel 1..........................61
7.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................... 61
7.2 Verbanden tussen metrische variabelen.................................................................61
hoofdstuk 8: Verbanden tussen merische variabelen deel 2...........................67
8.1 inleiding................................................................................................................... 67
8.2 Samenhang tussen metrische variabelen................................................................68
1
, 8.3 regeressieanalyse................................................................................................... 70
Hoofdstuk 9: Tijdreeksen..............................................................................82
9.1 Inleiding................................................................................................................... 82
9.2 Groei & groeivoeten (niet gevraagd op examen).....................................................84
9.3 lineaire trend........................................................................................................... 85
9.4 Aandachtspunten.................................................................................................... 86
HOOFDSTUK 1: INLEIDING
Statistiek in het dagelijk leven
2
, - Sport
- Streaming platvormen
- Gezondheidszorg
- Onderwijs
- Meteorologie
- Reizen en navigatie
1.1 WAT IS STATISTIEK
Statistiek = kunst v/h leren omgaan met data/gegevens (gegevens
vertalen in kennis & inzicht)
Statistiek als wetenschappelijke discipline
Kennismethode om de wereld beter te kunnen begrijpen
Empirisch onderzoek
1.2 WAAROM STATISTIEK?
Om beweringen te staven (niet voldoende, nood aan empirie)
Nood aan empirie (data, gegevens)
Data verzamelen volgens de regels van de kunst
(onderzoeksmethoden)
Data analyseren volgens de regels van de kunst (statistiek)
Probleem
-
analyse
Probleem
-
analyse Onderzoeks-
Rapportage
ontwerp
Dataverza-
Data-
analyse meling
1.3 SOORTEN STATISTIEK
beschrijvende statistiek
- de wereld in cijfers beschrijven
3
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