Samenvatting Business fundamentals Arteveldehg met docent Elise Lanneau
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Course
Business fundamentals
Institution
Arteveldehogeschool (Artevelde)
Book
Business fundamentals
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Summary
Subjects
ondernemer
eenmanzaak
maatschap
vennootschap
marketing
hr management
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Arteveldehogeschool (Artevelde)
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Business fundamentals
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Business
13-1-2025
fundamentals
Tony Nguyen
Tony Nguyen 202446028
,1. HF1 : COMPLIANCE – JE ONDERNEMING UP & RUNNING................................3
1.1 MISSIE, VISIE EN WAARDEN............................................................................................... 4
1.1.1 BEpaal je missie.................................................................................................. 4
1.1.2 Bepaal de visie.................................................................................................... 4
1.1.3 bepaal je bedrijfswaarden...................................................................................5
1.2 BEDRIJFSPLAN................................................................................................................ 5
1.2.1 Lean canvas ( door ash maurya )........................................................................6
1.3 NAAMGEVING................................................................................................................. 9
2 HF2: HOE WORD IK ONDERNEMER?.............................................................10
2.1 OPSTARTFORMLAITEITEN................................................................................................. 11
2.2 VERSCHILLENDE STATUTEN VAN ZELFSTANDIGEN.................................................................11
2.3 WELKE ONDERNEMINGSVORM KIES IK................................................................................13
2.3.1 eenmanszaak.................................................................................................... 13
2.3.2 vennootschap.................................................................................................... 13
2.3.3 voor-en nadelen van een eenmanszaak of vennootschap.................................16
2.3.4 grootte van een vennootschap..........................................................................17
3 HF3: HOE START IK EEN EENMANZAAK/MAATSCHAP....................................17
3.1 OPRICHTINGSFORMALITEITEN VAN EEN EENMANSZAAK/MAATSCHAP..........................................17
3.1.1 een zakelijke zichtrekening openen..................................................................18
3.1.2 De akte opstellen..............................................................................................18
3.1.3 opstartformaliteiten eenmanszaak/maatschap.................................................18
3.1.4 je btw-houdenigheid activeren..........................................................................19
3.1.5 de nodige vergunningne aanvragen..................................................................21
3.1.6 je aansluiten bij een sociaal verzekeringsfonds.................................................22
3.2 DE ORGANISTATIE VAN DE EENMANSZAAL EN MAATSCHAP.....................................................23
3.3 FISCALE VERPLICHTINGEN............................................................................................... 24
3.3.1 belastingen........................................................................................................ 24
3.3.2 btw.................................................................................................................... 25
3.3.3 inkomsten -en personenbelasting.....................................................................27
3.3.4 Inkomstenbelasting........................................................................................... 27
3.3.5 Personenbelasting............................................................................................. 28
3.4 BOEKHOUDIGE VERPLICHTINGEN.......................................................................................30
3.4.2 Factureer als een pro........................................................................................31
3.5 HOE VERKOOP IK VANUIT DE EENMANSZAAK?.....................................................................34
3.5.1 Waaruit bestaat je verkoopprijs?......................................................................34
3.5.2 wat bepaalt je verkoopprijs?..............................................................................35
3.6 VERGOEDING VAN DE ONDERNEMER.................................................................................36
3.7 RISICO........................................................................................................................ 36
4 HOE GA IK VAN EEN EENMANSZAAK NAAR EEN VENNOOTSCHAP..................37
4.1 SCHRAPPEN VAN DE EENMANSZAAK..................................................................................37
4.2 OPRICHTINGSFROMALITEITEN VAN EEN VENNOOTSCHAP.........................................................38
4.2.1 je vennootschapsvorm kiezen...........................................................................38
4.2.2 een zakelijke rekening.......................................................................................39
4.2.3 het financiële plan opstellen.............................................................................39
4.2.4 vraag en bankattest aan...................................................................................41
4.2.5 Oprichtingsakte en statuten opstellen...............................................................42
4.2.6 btw – houdanigheid activeren...........................................................................44
4.2.7 aandelen register aanleggen.............................................................................45
, 4.2.8 ubo – registratie................................................................................................ 45
4.2.9 vennootschapsbijdragen...................................................................................45
4.3 DE ORGANISATIE VAN EEN VENNOOTSCHAP........................................................................45
4.3.2 specifieke rollen en comités..............................................................................47
4.4 FISCALE VERPLICHTINGEN............................................................................................... 48
4.4.1 btw.................................................................................................................... 48
4.4.2 vennootschapsbelasting....................................................................................48
4.4.3 1ste bewerking: fiscaal resultaat.........................................................................53
4.5 BOEKHOUDIGE VERPLICHTINGEN.......................................................................................53
4.5.1 basisprincipes voor de vennootschap................................................................53
4.5.2 boekhoudige vereisten op maat........................................................................55
4.5.3 zeer kleine onderneming...................................................................................56
4.5.4 microvennootschap...........................................................................................56
4.5.5 kleine vennootschap.........................................................................................56
4.5.6 grote vennootschap.......................................................................................... 57
4.6 VEGOEDING VAN DE VENNOTEN EN AANDEELHOUDERS.........................................................57
4.7 RISICOBEHEER.............................................................................................................. 59
5 WERKING EN ANALYSE VAN DE VENNOOTSCHAP.........................................61
5.1 DE JAARREKENING........................................................................................................ 61
5.2 FINANCIËLE ANALYSE VAN DE ONDERNEMING......................................................................61
5.2.1 ratioanalyse....................................................................................................... 61
5.2.2 kasstroomanalyse = cashflow...........................................................................64
5.3 INVENSTERINGSBESLISSING............................................................................................. 64
5.4 DE FINANCIERINGSBEHOEFTE........................................................................................... 64
5.4.1 lange – of kortetermijnfinancierngsbehoefte.....................................................64
5.4.2 Beslissingscriteria voor de financieringsbeslissing............................................65
5.4.3 eigen vermogen................................................................................................67
5.4.4 vreemd vermogen............................................................................................. 67
5.4.5 subsidies........................................................................................................... 68
5.5 BASISPRINCIPES VAN KOSTENCALCULATIE...........................................................................69
5.5.1 soorten kosten..................................................................................................69
5.5.2 kostprijscalculatie niet.......................................................................................69
5.5.3 de standaardkostprijs niet.................................................................................69
5.6 WAARDERINGSPROBLEMEN NIET.......................................................................................70
5.7 KOSTENBEHEERSING...................................................................................................... 70
5.7.1 budgetteringsproces......................................................................................... 70
5.7.2 de verschillenanalyse........................................................................................72
5.8 VERKOOPPRIJSBESLISSING............................................................................................... 75
5.8.1 cost-based pricing.............................................................................................75
5.8.2 buyer based pricing...........................................................................................76
6 STRATEGIE EN MARKETING.........................................................................77
6.1 BEDRIJFSSTRATEGIE: WAAROM, WAT EN HOE?....................................................................77
6.1.1 missie en vissie................................................................................................. 78
6.1.2 generieke strategieën van porter......................................................................79
6.1.3 treacy en wiersema...........................................................................................80
6.2 MARKTINGSTRATEGIE: HOE?............................................................................................ 81
6.2.1 klantgerichte marketingstrategie......................................................................81
6.2.2 martketingmix................................................................................................... 82
6.2.3 Product.............................................................................................................. 82
6.2.4 prijs................................................................................................................... 83
, 6.2.5 plaats................................................................................................................ 83
6.2.6 promotie............................................................................................................ 84
6.2.7 twee extra p’s................................................................................................... 84
7 BEDRIJFSPROCESSEN EN LOGISTIEK............................................................85
7.1 FUNDAMENTALS: LOGISTIEKLEXICON.................................................................................85
7.2 FORECASTING.............................................................................................................. 87
7.3 PLANNINGSTRATEGIEËN.................................................................................................. 87
7.3.1 Make to Stock (MTS).......................................................................................... 87
7.3.2 Make to Order (MTO).........................................................................................88
7.3.3 Klantenorderontkoppelpunt (KOOP)..................................................................88
7.4 PRODUCTIESTRATEGIEËN................................................................................................ 89
7.5 VOORRAADBEHEER........................................................................................................ 89
7.6 DISTRIBUTIE................................................................................................................. 90
7.6.1 distributiekanalen.............................................................................................. 90
7.6.2 Wat is retourlogistiek?.......................................................................................90
7.6.3 Groene logistiek................................................................................................ 91
7.6.4 make or buy...................................................................................................... 92
8 HR – MANAGEMENT....................................................................................93
8.1 PERSONEEL AANWERVEN? WETTELIJKE VERPLICHTING...........................................................93
8.2 DE SOORTEN (INDIVIDUELE) ARBEIDSOVEREENKOMSTEN.......................................................95
8.2.1 Arbeiders vs. bedienden....................................................................................95
8.2.2 Arbeidsduur....................................................................................................... 95
8.2.3 omvang van de arbeid.......................................................................................96
8.3 VERGOEDING VAN DE WERKNEMER...................................................................................96
8.4 NIET KENNEN............................................................................................................... 97
8.5 BEËINDIGING VAN DE ARBEIDSOVEREENKOMST....................................................................97
8.5.1 ontslag door de werkgever................................................................................97
8.5.2 Ontslag door de Werknemer..............................................................................99
8.6 HR – PLANNING............................................................................................................ 99
8.7 SELECTIE – INSTRUMENTEN........................................................................................... 101
8.7.1 functieprofiel................................................................................................... 101
8.7.2 De vacature plaatsen......................................................................................101
8.7.3 screening en selectie.......................................................................................102
8.7.4 Compensation & benefits................................................................................103
8.7.5 Onboarding van nieuwe medewerkers............................................................103
8.7.6 Professionele ontwikkeling medewerkers........................................................104
9 MAATSCHAPPELIJK VERANTWOORD ONDERNEMEN....................................106
9.1 DE 3 P’S: PROFIT, PEOPLE EN PLANET.............................................................................107
9.2 SDG’S: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS....................................................................108
9.3 CIRCULAIRE BUSINESSMODELLEN...................................................................................109
9.4 ESG-RAPPORTERING (ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, GOVERNANCE)..........................................110
1. HF1 : COMPLIANCE – JE ONDERNEMING UP
& RUNNING
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