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CPHON Questions and Answers
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CPHON Questions and Answers Auer rods AML distinguishing feature Leukemia Malignant disorder of the blood and blood forming organs including the bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen Cytogenetics for Leukemia Ploidy; abnormalities found in more than 90% of patients with ALL; with nu...

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  • December 31, 2024
  • 8
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • cphon questions and answers
  • leukemia malignant disorder of the blood and blood
  • cytogenetics for leukemia ploidy abnormalities fo

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CPHON Questions and Answers
Auer rods - answer AML distinguishing feature

Leukemia - answer Malignant disorder of the blood and blood forming organs
including the bone marrow, lymph nodes and spleen

Cytogenetics for Leukemia - answer Ploidy; abnormalities found in more than 90% of
patients with ALL; with number of chromosomes and structures (translocation)

Hyperdiploidy in ALL - answer More than 46; favorable if not more than 50

Genetic associations with leukocytes - answer Trisomy 21, schwachman diamond
syndrome, neurofibromatosis, fanconi anemia, Bloom syndrome, ataxia telanflectasia

Favorable AML - answer Age >2, WBC <50K, female, absence of extramedullary
disease, BMI between 11&94th percentile, Down syndrome

Favorable ALL - answer Age 2-10 at diagnosis, WBC <50k, neg MRD at day 29

MRD - answer Ratio of leukemia cells to normal bone marrow cells; use DNA-PCR
probes; elevated = poor prognosis and increased risk of relapse
Goal is < 5% blasts

Consolidation in leukemia chemo - answer Peg, MTX, VCR, doxo, corticosteroid,
cytarabine, oral MTX, 6MP

Maintenance Chemo in leukemia - answer 2-3 years 6MP, MTX, VCR, corticosteroid,
CNS prophylaxis

Classifications for Leukemia - answer French American British and WHO

Immunophenotyping - answer Monoclonal antibodies that develop in response to
changes in the expression of cell surface antigens: cd10 positive in 80% of patients with
ALL

ALL - answer Most common risk for TLS

AML - answer Most common risk for DIC

Adolescents - answer Most common age group to be dx with lymphoma

, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - answer Originates in cells and organs of immune
system, more systemic, spreads rapidly and unpredictably and often aggressively,
lymphoid lineage

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma risk - answer Increased risk with wiskotts aldrich
syndrome, ataxia telanfiectisa, post BMT, SCIDS, AIDS, other immunosuppressive
disorders

EBV - answer Role unclear but thought to precede or occur with b-cell transformation
with Burkitts

4 types of Non hodgkins - answer Precursor (lymphoblastic), Burkitts, diffuse large B
cell, anaplastic large cell

Induction chemo for AML - answer 3-7 days of cytarabine, doxo, 6tg, prednisone,
vp16 ; abx and antifungal prophylaxis

Diploid - answer 46 chromosomes

Staging for non hodgkins - answer Ann Arbor or Murphy (st Jude)

Good prognostic for non hodgkins - answer Primary tumor head/neck/LN/GI stage 1
or 2

Poor prognostic for non hodgkins - answer Incomplete remission, increased tumor
burden, LDH> 1000, dealt in treatment

Hodgkin's lymphoma - answer Involves lymphatic system, including spleen and all
lymph nodes; characterized by reed sternburg cells

Reed-Sternberg cells - answer Abundant cytoplasm and large nucleus; most of
tumor composed of inflammatory cells and fibrosis due to cytokines release

Night sweats - answer Cardinal sign of lymphoma

Hodgkin's lymphoma B cell sxs - answer Fatigue, fever for more than 3 days, weight
loss 10% in 6mo, night sweats

Favorable prognostic of hodgkins - answer Localized involvement, abscense of B
sxs and bulky disease

Unfavorable hodgkins - answer Advanced stage, B sxs, bulky disease, extranodal
disease, male, elevated ESR

Astrocytomas - answer Most common brain tumor ~50%

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