What causes hypertension? - ANSWERSnarrowing of the arteries, which increases the blood
pressure
What effects does hypertension have on the body? - ANSWERS-Retinal and other eye changes (retinopathy)
-Renal damage (chronic kidney disease)
-Heart disease
-Peripheral Artery disease
-can caus...
HYPERTENSION (EXAM 4)QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS 100% SOLVED!
What causes hypertension? - ANSWERSnarrowing of the arteries, which increases the
blood
pressure
What effects does hypertension have on the body? - ANSWERS-Retinal and other eye
changes (retinopathy)
-Renal damage (chronic kidney disease)
-Heart disease
-Peripheral Artery disease
-can cause stroke and heart attacks
What is the normal systolic pressure in adults? - ANSWERS120
What is the normal diastolic pressure in adults? - ANSWERS80
What is considered elevated BP in adults? - ANSWERSS: 120-129 or D: < 80
What is the blood pressure criteria for stage 1 hypertension? - ANSWERSS: 130-139 or
D: 80-89
What is the blood pressure criteria for stage 2 hypertension? - ANSWERSS: >140 D:
>90
How do you diagnose hypertension? - ANSWERSa series of blood pressure readings
What information would you include in an assessment of a patient with possible
hypertension? - ANSWERSFamily history
Personal history (diet, exercise)
What lab tests would you include in an assessment of a patient with possible
hypertension? - ANSWERSUrinalysis- to look for protein in the urine
Blood chemistry
Cholesterol levels
Glucose levels
Triglyceride levels
What diagnostic tests would you include in an assessment of a patient with possible
hypertension? - ANSWERSEKG
Chest X ray
Physical assessment
, What data would you look for that could be signs of hypertension in a patient? -
ANSWERSBlurred vision
Urination problems (look at BUN for fluid status and Cr for kidney damage)
Glucose level (look for diabetes)
Triglyceride levels
What are non modifiable risk factors of developing hypertension? -
ANSWERSAdvancing adult age
African American
Family history
Gender
What are modifiable risk factors of developing hypertension? - ANSWERSDrinking too
much alcohol
Overweight/obesity
Poor diet habits
Sedentary lifestyle
What are some contributing factors of hypertension? - ANSWERSTobacco products
Stress
Sleep apnea
-no direct correlation between tobacco and hypertension, but there is with tobacco and
heart disease. With heart disease there is a risk for hypertension
What are some lifestyle modifications for patients with hypertension? -
ANSWERSWeight loss
Dash diet
Dietary sodium restriction
Physical activity
Moderate alcohol consumption
Tobacco cessation
What is the DASH diet? - ANSWERSDietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
Lots of grains and fresh fruits
What is the primary medication for hypertension? - ANSWERSAce Inhibitors-except in
African Americans
What is the action of Ace Inhibitors? - ANSWERSACE inhibitors act in the lungs to
prevent ACE from converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor
and stimulator of aldosterone release
-decrease peripheral resistance without increasing CO, cardiac rate, cardiac contractility
Therapeutic effect of ACE inhibitors? - ANSWERSdecrease in cardiac workload
associated with the decrease in peripheral resistance and blood volume.
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