1. In a double-stranded DNA molecule, which of the following base ratios always equal 1?
A. (A+T)/(G+C)
B. C/G
C. (A+G)/(C+T)
D. (G+T)/(A+C) ANSWER B, C, and D
2. What does it mean to say that double-stranded nucleic acids are antiparal- lel? ANSWER It means that one
strand is going "up" (3' ...
BIO 210 FINAL EXAM / 100
QUESTIONS AND
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, 1. In a double-stranded DNA molecule, which of the following base ratios always equal 1?
A. (A+T)/(G+C)
B. C/G
C. (A+G)/(C+T)
D. (G+T)/(A+C) ANSWER B, C, and D
2. What does it mean to say that double-stranded nucleic acids are antiparal- lel? ANSWER It means that one
strand is going "up" (3' to 5') while the other is going "down" (5' to 3')
3. How many rings do purines have? ANSWER two
4. What holds the two sides of the DNA helix together? ANSWER hydrogen bond
5. In a strand of DNA, the percentage of thymine is 30%.What is the percentage of cytosine? Adenine? Guanine?
ANSWER Cytosine ANSWER 20%
Adenine ANSWER 30%
Guanine ANSWER 20%
6. Griffith's Transformation Experiment ANSWER - concluded that R-strain bacteria must have taken up what he
called a "transforming principle" from the heat-killed S bac- teria, which allowed them to "transform" into smooth-
coated bacteria and become virulent
7. Avery, MacLeod, McCarty Experiments ANSWER - showed that DNA (not proteins) can transform the properties
of cells, clarifying the chemical nature of genes
8. Hershey and Chase Experiment ANSWER - concluded that when bacteriophages, which are composed of DNA
and protein, infect bacteria, their DNA enters the host bacterial cell, but most of their protein does not
9. What were the order of the experiments that determined the presence of genetic material in DNA?
ANSWER 1. Griffith
2. Avery, MacLeod, McCarty
3. Hershey and Chase
10. cytokinesis ANSWER - the cytoplasmic division of a cell, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells
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