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Test Bank For Anatomy and Physiology 2nd Edition , All 28 Chapters Covered, Verified Latest Edition
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City University of New York (CUNY)CUNY Academic Works
Open Educational Resources Bronx Community College
2021
Anatomy and Physiology Preparatory Course Textbook (2nd
Edition)
Carlos Liachovitzky
Bronx Community College
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,Anatomy & Physiology
Preparatory Course Textbook
TeTeTextbook 2 Edition | 2021 nd
Carlos Liachovitzky
Bronx Community College of The City University of New York
,Table of Contents
About Anatomy and Physiology Preparatory Textbook .....................................6
UNIT 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology ............................................7
MODULE 1: Levels of Organization of The Human Organism ............................7
Learning Objective 1: Describe, in order from simplest to most complex, the major levels
of organization in the human organism. ......................................................................................... 7
MODULE 2: What Is Human Anatomy, What Is Human Physiology ................. 11
Learning Objective 2: Define the terms anatomy and physiology, and give specific
examples to show the interrelationship between anatomy and physiology. ................................ 11
MODULE 3: Homeostasis and Control Systems............................................... 13
Learning Objective 3: Define homeostasis. ........................................................................ 13
Learning Objective 4: Define control system and describe its components. ...................... 14
Learning Objective 5: Define negative feedback and give one example using body
temperature. ................................................................................................................................. 16
Learning Objective 6: Define positive feedback and give one example; also, compare and
contrast positive and negative feedback in terms of the relationship between response and
result. ............................................................................................................................................ 18
UNIT 2 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Chemical Building Blocks
......................................................................................................................... 21
MODULE 4: Atoms ............................................................................................ 21
Learning Objective 7: Define the term atom and describe its structure in terms of location
and charge of its subatomic particles. .......................................................................................... 21
Learning Objective 8: Define the term element and distinguish between atom and
element. ........................................................................................................................................ 24
Learning Objective 9: Distinguish between the terms atomic number and mass number. 27
Learning Objective 10: Define isotope. ............................................................................... 30
Learning Objective 11: Describe the arrangement of electrons in atoms, define valence
electrons, and explain the octet rule. ........................................................................................... 32
Anatomy and Physiology Preparatory Course Textbook 2nd Ed. | Carlos Liachovitzky | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
2
, Learning Objective 12: Define the terms ion, cation, anion, and electrolyte. ..................... 35
MODULE 5: Chemical Bonds ............................................................................ 37
Learning Objective 13: Define chemical bonding, molecules, salts and compounds; and
list three types of chemical bonds important for the study of human physiology. ....................... 37
Learning Objective 14: Define ionic bonds and describe how they form, and define salts.
...................................................................................................................................................... 39
Learning Objective 15: Define covalent bonds and describe how they form, and
differentiate between the two types of covalent bond. ................................................................. 41
MODULE 6: Water............................................................................................. 45
Learning Objective 16: Define hydrogen bonds and describe how they form. .................. 45
Learning Objective 17: Describe the behavior of ionic compounds when placed in water.
...................................................................................................................................................... 47
Learning Objective 18: Differentiate between hydrophobic and hydrophilic substances. . 48
Learning Objective 19: Define the terms solution, solvent, and solute. ............................ 49
MODULE 7: Acids and Bases ........................................................................... 51
Learning Objective 20: Define and differentiate the terms acid and base......................... 51
Learning Objective 21: Define the terms pH, neutral, acidic, and basic (or alkaline)........ 53
Learning Objective 22: Define the term buffer, and compare the response of a regular
solution with a buffer solution to the addition of acid or base. ..................................................... 56
UNIT 3 Molecular Level: Biomolecules, the Organic Compounds Associated
with Living Organisms ..................................................................................... 58
MODULE 8: Organic Compounds...................................................................... 58
Learning Objective 23: Define the terms organic compound and macromolecule, and list
the four groups of organic compounds found in living matter. ..................................................... 58
Learning Objective 24: Define functional groups and give examples. ............................... 62
MODULE 9: Chemical Reactions ...................................................................... 64
Learning Objective 25: Differentiate between substrate and product, and define chemical
equation. ....................................................................................................................................... 64
Anatomy and Physiology Preparatory Course Textbook 2nd Ed. | Carlos Liachovitzky | CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
3
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