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Samenvatting mens & samenleving 2023
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MENS & SAMENLEVING2023 - 2024
,Inhoud
Eindcompetenties .................................................................................................................................... 8
Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................... 8
Nobel Prize Daniel Kahneman ............................................................................................................. 8
Gedragsverandering: nudgen of boosten ............................................................................................ 8
Hoofdstuk 1: Motivatie ............................................................................................................................ 8
Motivatie ............................................................................................................................................. 8
Motivatie: het enige antecedent voor prestatie.................................................................................. 9
Context motivatie ................................................................................................................................ 9
The principles of scientific management (Fredrick Winslow Taylor)............................................... 9
X-Y theorie (Douglas Mc Gregor) (1960) ....................................................................................... 10
Sociaal-economisch overleg .......................................................................................................... 11
Theorie .............................................................................................................................................. 11
Behoeftetheorieën ............................................................................................................................ 11
Behoeftetheorie van Maslow ........................................................................................................ 12
De ERG-theorie van Alderfer ......................................................................................................... 12
De prestatiemotievatietheorie van McClelland............................................................................. 13
⇧ De motivatie om iets te verwezenlijken en te presteren van Henry Murray ............................. 14
⇧ Thematic apperception test (TAT) .............................................................................................. 14
⇧ Een nederlandstalige prestatiemotivatietest van Hermans ....................................................... 15
De tweefactorentheorie van Herzberg .......................................................................................... 16
Het jobkenmerkenmodel ............................................................................................................... 18
Procestheorie .................................................................................................................................... 18
De verwachtingstheorie (= expectancy theory) van Vroom .......................................................... 18
Goalsetting (van Locke & Latham) ................................................................................................. 19
De zelfdeterminatietheorie ............................................................................................................... 20
Waarom? ....................................................................................................................................... 20
Zelfdeterminatietheorie !! ............................................................................................................. 21
In vele domeinen gebruikt… .......................................................................................................... 21
Hoofdstuk 2: Emoties ............................................................................................................................ 22
Actualiteit .......................................................................................................................................... 22
Waarom je emoties op het werk beter niet onderdrukt ................................................................... 22
Emoties – moods – affect .................................................................................................................. 22
Artikel boek.................................................................................................................................... 23
Emoties .......................................................................................................................................... 23
Typologie van emoties ................................................................................................................... 27
1
, Street level bureaucrats .................................................................................................................... 29
Voorspelt EI (=emotional intelligence) individuele prestaties ........................................................... 29
Emotional labor ................................................................................................................................. 29
Labeling ............................................................................................................................................. 30
Voorbeeld ...................................................................................................................................... 31
Emotionele beïnvloeding ............................................................................................................... 31
Communicatie ............................................................................................................................... 31
Broaden your emotional vocabulary ............................................................................................. 31
Emoties in pitches ......................................................................................................................... 32
Onderzoek Warnick & Co .............................................................................................................. 32
Hoofdstuk 3: Perceptie, attributie en rationeel denken ........................................................................ 33
Perceptie – attributie – rationeel handelen ...................................................................................... 33
Perceptie........................................................................................................................................ 34
Attributie ....................................................................................................................................... 37
Selffulfilling phrophecy .................................................................................................................. 39
Rationeel denken/handelen .......................................................................................................... 39
Hoofdstuk 4: Persoonlijkheid................................................................................................................. 41
Intro/actualiteit ................................................................................................................................. 41
Persoonlijkheidstrekken (‘traits’)....................................................................................................... 42
Big 5 (meetschaal om persoonlijkheid te meten) (5 dimensies) ....................................................... 42
1. Extraversie (1ste dimensie) ......................................................................................................... 43
2. Vriendelijkheid (anderen helpen, altruïsme)............................................................................. 43
3. Emotionele stabiliteit ................................................................................................................ 44
4. Consciëntieusheid (= ordentlijkheid) ......................................................................................... 44
5. Openheid voor ervaringen......................................................................................................... 44
Vervolg the big 5 ................................................................................................................................ 45
Voorbeeld 1 in context van Arbeidsmarktbeleid (1)...................................................................... 46
Voorbeeld 1 in context van Arbeidsmarktbeleid (2)...................................................................... 47
Voorbeeld 2: muziek en persoonlijkheid ....................................................................................... 47
Voorbeeld 3: success en emotionele stabiliteit ............................................................................. 48
Persoonlijkheid .................................................................................................................................. 49
Meten van persoonlijkheid ............................................................................................................ 49
Persoonlijkheidsontwikkeling of verandering?.............................................................................. 49
Toekomst?...................................................................................................................................... 49
Oefeningen (examen!!) ..................................................................................................................... 51
Hoofdstuk 6: Cultuur (1ste sociologisch hoofdstuk) ............................................................................... 54
2
, Actualiteit .......................................................................................................................................... 54
Opening case study (p.140 in boek) .................................................................................................. 55
Artikel case: de cultuur moet veranderen!.................................................................................... 55
Sociologie en cultuur ......................................................................................................................... 55
Normen, verwachtingen, waarden en doelen ................................................................................... 56
Cultuurverschillen tussen regio’s en landen...................................................................................... 57
Kunnen we landen en regio’s met elkaar vergelijken? Geert
Hofstede (1928-2020)........................................................................................................................ 58
Hofstede ........................................................................................................................................ 58
Dimensies hofstede ....................................................................................................................... 60
Cultuur binnen organisaties .............................................................................................................. 61
Organisatiecultuur ......................................................................................................................... 61
QUINN: model om organisatiecultuur te snappen/benoemen ..................................................... 62
Culturele verschillen in leiderschapsstijlen ................................................................................... 62
ERIN MEYER: culture map ............................................................................................................. 62
Emotional culture .............................................................................................................................. 63
Negatieve emoties/angstcultuur/psych veiligheid ............................................................................ 64
Speak up! ........................................................................................................................................... 66
Hoofdstuk 5: mentaal welzijn en gezondheid ....................................................................................... 68
Actualiteit .......................................................................................................................................... 68
Welke trend zal overheersen voor de arbeidswereld in 2022 ........................................................... 68
Gallup (meting van mentaal welzijn) ................................................................................................. 69
Arbeids- en gezondheidspsychologie en HRM .................................................................................. 69
Mentale gezondheid op het werk in de brede zin te bestuderen ................................................. 70
Mentale gezondheid op het werk ..................................................................................................... 70
Mutual gains of conflicting outcomes? ............................................................................................. 70
Veranderingen in organisaties met betrekking tot welzijn en gezondheid ....................................... 71
Verandering op het vlak van de inhoud van werk ......................................................................... 72
Het psychologisch contract............................................................................................................ 72
Stress ................................................................................................................................................. 72
Pressure & performance................................................................................................................ 73
Traumatische stressoren................................................................................................................ 73
Burn-out ............................................................................................................................................ 74
Stress op het werk ......................................................................................................................... 75
Gepercipieerde stress .................................................................................................................... 75
Kosten ............................................................................................................................................ 76
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