PSYCHOLOGY 201 EXAM 1 REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Carl rogers - answer-humanistic psychology, emphasized self-determination, free will,
and importance of choice
Abraham Maslow - answer-humanistic psychology, theory of motivation, importance of
psychological growth
Culture - answer-attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors shared by a group of people and
communicated from one generation to another
Cross-cultural psychology - answer-branch of psychology, studies effects of culture on
behavior and mental processes
Ethnocentrism - answer-belief that one's own culture or ethnic group is superior to
another, tendency to use one's culture as a standard to judge other cultures
Clinical psychology - answer-studies causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of
different types of behavioral and emotional disorders (anxiety, eating disorders, mood)
Cognitive - answer-investigates mental processes (reasoning, thinking, memory,
perception, language)
Counseling - answer-helps people of all ages adjust, adapt, and cope with personal and
interpersonal problems in; relationships, work, education, marriage, child rearing, and
aging
4 basic goals of psychology - answer-describe, explain, predict, control and influence
mental and behavioral processes
Scientific method - answer-set of assumptions, attitudes, and procedures that guide
researchers in creating questions to investigate in generating evidence and in drawing
conclusions
Hypothesis - answer-tentative statement that describes the relationship between two or
more variables
Statistics - answer-branch of mathematics used by researchers to organize, summarize,
and interpret data
, Replicate - answer-to repeat or duplicate a scientific study in order to increase
confidence in the validity of the original findings
Naturalistic observation - answer-systematic observation and recording of behaviors as
they occur in their natural setting
Goal=detect natural behavior patterns and include ethical things
Case study - answer-intensive, investigation of individual, family, social units
Placebo - answer-fake substance, treatment, or procedure that has no known direct
effects
Placebo effect - answer-change attributed to person's beliefs or expectations rather than
an actual drug, treatment, or procedure
Natural experiment - answer-study investigating effects of a naturally occurring event on
the research participants
Ethical research - answer-informed consent/voluntary participation, students as
research participants, use of deception, confidentiality of information, information about
study/ debriefing
Informed consent and voluntary participation - answer-inform participant of purpose of
research, potential risks and emotional things, free to decline of withdraw from research
at any time
Students as research participants - answer-student must be given choice of alternate
activity to fulfill course requirements or earn extra credit
Use of deception - answer-1) not feasible to use alternatives that do not involve
deception 2) potential findings justify use of deception because of scientific, educational,
or applied value
Confidentiality of information - answer-in writing lectures, other public forums disclose
personally identifiable information about research participants
Information about study and debreifing - answer-provided with opportunity to obtain
information about nature, results, and conclusions of research, debreif participants and
to correct any misconceptions participants may have had about the research
Mri - answer-magnetic resonance imaging, revolutionized medical technology, magnetic
fields bombard the brain, computer analyzes brain activity in tissue regions, detailed
sliced electronic images, used in other parts of body especially organs and joints
Animal psychological research contributions - answer-contributed to: neuroscience,
learning, memory, cognition, motivation, disorder, therapies, stress
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
Carl rogers - answer-humanistic psychology, emphasized self-determination, free will,
and importance of choice
Abraham Maslow - answer-humanistic psychology, theory of motivation, importance of
psychological growth
Culture - answer-attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors shared by a group of people and
communicated from one generation to another
Cross-cultural psychology - answer-branch of psychology, studies effects of culture on
behavior and mental processes
Ethnocentrism - answer-belief that one's own culture or ethnic group is superior to
another, tendency to use one's culture as a standard to judge other cultures
Clinical psychology - answer-studies causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of
different types of behavioral and emotional disorders (anxiety, eating disorders, mood)
Cognitive - answer-investigates mental processes (reasoning, thinking, memory,
perception, language)
Counseling - answer-helps people of all ages adjust, adapt, and cope with personal and
interpersonal problems in; relationships, work, education, marriage, child rearing, and
aging
4 basic goals of psychology - answer-describe, explain, predict, control and influence
mental and behavioral processes
Scientific method - answer-set of assumptions, attitudes, and procedures that guide
researchers in creating questions to investigate in generating evidence and in drawing
conclusions
Hypothesis - answer-tentative statement that describes the relationship between two or
more variables
Statistics - answer-branch of mathematics used by researchers to organize, summarize,
and interpret data
, Replicate - answer-to repeat or duplicate a scientific study in order to increase
confidence in the validity of the original findings
Naturalistic observation - answer-systematic observation and recording of behaviors as
they occur in their natural setting
Goal=detect natural behavior patterns and include ethical things
Case study - answer-intensive, investigation of individual, family, social units
Placebo - answer-fake substance, treatment, or procedure that has no known direct
effects
Placebo effect - answer-change attributed to person's beliefs or expectations rather than
an actual drug, treatment, or procedure
Natural experiment - answer-study investigating effects of a naturally occurring event on
the research participants
Ethical research - answer-informed consent/voluntary participation, students as
research participants, use of deception, confidentiality of information, information about
study/ debriefing
Informed consent and voluntary participation - answer-inform participant of purpose of
research, potential risks and emotional things, free to decline of withdraw from research
at any time
Students as research participants - answer-student must be given choice of alternate
activity to fulfill course requirements or earn extra credit
Use of deception - answer-1) not feasible to use alternatives that do not involve
deception 2) potential findings justify use of deception because of scientific, educational,
or applied value
Confidentiality of information - answer-in writing lectures, other public forums disclose
personally identifiable information about research participants
Information about study and debreifing - answer-provided with opportunity to obtain
information about nature, results, and conclusions of research, debreif participants and
to correct any misconceptions participants may have had about the research
Mri - answer-magnetic resonance imaging, revolutionized medical technology, magnetic
fields bombard the brain, computer analyzes brain activity in tissue regions, detailed
sliced electronic images, used in other parts of body especially organs and joints
Animal psychological research contributions - answer-contributed to: neuroscience,
learning, memory, cognition, motivation, disorder, therapies, stress
