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UNIT 1 PSYCHOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
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UNIT 1 PSYCHOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
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UNIT 1 PSYCHOLOGY EXAMQUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
If you were conducting a study designed to determine which type of psychotherapy is
most effective in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, what type of research
would you employ? - Answer-applied
which of the following statements is most consistent with the notion that science should
be a "prescription for humility"? - Answer-"But I might be wrong."
Dr. Wolpe designs an experimental test of his theory of aggression against a competing
theory. After conducting the appropriate statistical tests, he finds that the data are better
explained by the competing theory. His willingness to accept the evidence that another
theory is superior is a characteristic of - Answer-scientific skepticism
The hallmark of scientific skepticism is - Answer-critical thinking
One evening, when he couldn't sleep, Mr. Bradley turned on the television and saw an
infomercial for a new sleep aid. As a critical thinker, Mr. Bradley should be most
cautious about this new product if - Answer-its makers claim it has been "proven" to
induce sleep in 80 percent of test participants.
The term ______ refers rtf the tendency to perceive meaningful connections among
unrelated phenomena - Answer-paternicity
When a psychologist is discussing a heuristic, he or she is referring to - Answer-a
mental shortcut or rule of thumb
A mental shortcut that helps us streamline our thinking and making sense of our world is
called a - Answer-heuristic
Watching behavior in a real-world settings is known as - Answer-naturalistic observation
The extent to which it I possible to draw cause-and-effect conclusions from a given
research project describes the study's __________ validity. - Answer-internal
Vincent is designing a research study as part of his Master's thesis. He wants to do a
laboratory study where he can control as many variables as possible, but he is
concerned that his findings will not generalize very well from the laboratory setting to the
real world. In technical terms, Vincent is concerned about the ________ of his study. -
Answer-external validity
, ______ is consistency of measurement - Answer-reliability
________ is the extent to which a measure assesses what is claims to measure. -
Answer-Validity
A key disadvantage to self-report measures is that - Answer-respondents are not
always honest in their answers
Two variables are said to be correlated when scores on one variable - Answer-are
related to scores on the second variable.
As the average daily temperature in Des Moines, Iowa, decreases the number of
persons who are observed wearing sweaters in the workplace increases. This is an
example of a ________ correlation. - Answer-negative
There is a negative correlation between wearing one's seatbelt and the severity of the
injuries received during an accident. Which statement correctly illustrates this
correlation? - Answer-The more often you wear your seat belt, the less likely you are to
suffer seriously injuries in an accident.
Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest degree of
correlation between two variables? - Answer--.47
When asked if there are more ice cream cones sold in November or July, Mary answers
July immediately. She is surprised to find out that there is little to no difference between
the two months in terms of ice cream cone sales. Mary's error is most likely an example
of - Answer-illusory correlation
What is the main difference between an experiment and a correlational study? -
Answer-An experiment involves the manipulation of variables, while a correlational
study does not
In an experiment, the _______ group receives no manipulation. - Answer-control
The _____ variable is what the experimenter "manipulates" or varies. - Answer-
independent
Dr. Wilkins randomly assigns subjects to one of three groups. He is interested in the
effects of caffeine on anxiety levels. He gives subjects in the first group an extra two
cups of coffee a day for six months. The second group receives an extra two cups of
decaffeinated coffee a day for the same time period, while the control group is not given
either regular or decaffeinated coffee. By providing one group with decaffeinated coffee,
Dr. Wilkins is trying to account for which potential element of the experiment? - Answer-
The placebo effect
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