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Celbiologie en immunologie samenvatting DLT 1
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Samenvatting van alle stof van de eerste 3 college's
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Hoorcollege 1Self = eigen stoffen, harmless (inhibition), harmful (activation)
Non self = niet eigen stoffen, harmless (inhibition), harmful (activation)
Inhibition = tolerance van stoffen
Activation = inflammation, stoffen aanvallen
Dysbalance hierin:
- atuo-immuun ziekte
- infection
- cancer
- allergie
Innate (activeert binnen uren)
- Epithelial barriers
- neutrophils
- Macrophages
- dendritic cells voor de helft
- NK cells
- Complement
Adaptive (activeert in dagen)
- B cells
- T cells
- Antibodies
First line of defense
Epithelial barriers
Second line of defense
Innate immuunsysteem (from birth)
,Specificiteit = de mate waarin een imuunrespons onderscheid kan maken tussen de
verschillende antigenen. Heel specifiek is dat het kan zien wat voor een infectie het is.
- neutrophils
- Macrophages
- NK cells
- Complement (plasma eiwitten, met
enzymatische activiteit)
Cytokine = signaling molecule for activation
Chemokine = signaling molecule for migration
-
Third line of defense:
Adaptive immuunsysteem (adaptable)
Immunoglobulin: any of several classes of structurally related proteins that function as
antibodies or receptors and are found in plasma and other body fluids and the
membrane of certain cells.: Compare IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM.
The lymphatic system is important for adaptive immunity
,Primary
Development adaptive immuuncells
- B cells -> Bone marrow
- T cells -> Thymus
Secondary
Activation adaptive immuuncells
• Lymph nodes
• Spleen
• Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissues (GALT)
Humorale afweer: Dit extracellulair afweersysteem
richt zich op ziekteverwekkers in het lichaamsvocht
(bloed enz.) (B-cells)
Cellulaire afweer: Dit (intra)cellulaire afweersysteem
richt zich op zieke, geïnfecteerde cellen. (T-cells)
Dendritische cel: zorgt voor interactie tussen inate
en adaptive systeem voor optimale pathogen
clearence.
Zorgt voor:
1. Activation of adaptive immunity by innate
dendritic cells
2. Specific activation of innate immune cells by
adaptive immunity: T cells and antibodies
Hoe ontstaan immuuncellen? Ze komen uit hematopoietic stem cells, 2 groepen.
, The immune system includes: leukocytes (witte bloedcellen) or immune cells, complement,
antibodies & lymphatic
I: What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?
II: What is the function of these components in immunity?
Complement system
Grote rol tijdens inflammatie tegen bacteriele infectie
Complement:
- Most important factor C3
- Activated door cleavage for tag & recruit
- Cleaved into C3a and C3b (enzymatic reaction)
- C3a = anaphylatoxin
- Trekt andere imuuncellen aan
- C3b = complement fixation
- Gaat binden aan je pathogeen, dat vlaggetje dus
- beter destructie hierdoor
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