NUR 215 EXAM 1, 2, 3 & 4 REVIEW EXAM | NUR 215 MODULE 1 -
10 GUIDE, LATEST 2025 - ARIZONA COLLEGE OF NURSING
Nur 215 Exam 1 review
Module1:
- Nursing diagnosis (priority)
o Priority of initial assessment
▪ Airway
▪ Breathing
▪ Circulation
▪ Disability-risk for seizures
▪ Expourse-risk for infection
Least restrictive and invasive when considering patient
safety
◦ Services:
- Primary: preventive, primary doctor, urgent
- Secondary: outpatient/diagnosis
- Tertiary: end of life care, patients on hospice,
long term care facilities
- Scopes of Practice, Standards of Care & Ethics
o Standards of Practice
◦ Provide a guide to the knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSAs) that nurses must incorporate into
their practice to provide safe, quality care.
Basic Principles:
• Advocacy
• Responsibility
• Accountability (Owning up)
• Confidentiality (HIPPA)
Ethical Principles:
◦ Autonomy (act independently for patient)
◦ Beneficence (promote good for patient)
◦ Fidelity (keeping your promise to your patient)
◦ Justice (treating all patients the same)
◦ No Maleficence (prevent harm to patient)
◦ Veracity (tell the truth to the patient)
- Maslow Needs
- Nursing Process/ ADPIE(put definition of NP)
- Nursing process is a problem-solving process that nurses use to diagnosis and treat the response of clients
to health problems while maintaining the standards of practice. (tool to determine priority of nursing
actions).
- Safe, Effective Nursing Care (SENC)Thinking, Doing, Caring
o Provide goal-directed, client centered care
o Collaborate with the interprofessional healthcare team
o Validate evidence-based research to incorporate into practice
o Provide safe, quality client care
o Embrace/incorporate technological advances
- HIPPA Prevention
o Under HIPAA rules, healthcare agencies and their employees must take steps to ensure the
confidentiality of the patient information and medical records. Nurses and other healthcare
providers must protect the patient’s right to privacy by not sharing their information with
unauthorized individuals.
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,- Board of Nursing/ Nurse Practice Act
o Nurse Practice Acts In the United States, each state enacts its own nurse practice act, a
compilation of laws that govern the practice of nursing and empower a state board of nursing to
oversee and regulate nursing practice. Although there are minor variations, each board of nursing
is responsible for the following:
▪ Defining the practice of professional nursing. This definition usually includes the
scope of practice (i.e., activities that nurses are expected to perform and, by implication,
those they may not).
▪ Approving nursing education programs
▪ Establishing criteria that allow a person to be licensed as an APRN, RN, or LPN/LVN
▪ Developing rules and regulations to provide guidance to nurses
▪
▪ Enforcing the rules that govern the education of nursing and nursing practice
- Communication
o Communication is an exchange of information, ideas, and feelings. It includes verbal and
nonverbal language (i.e., spoken language, gestures, eye contact, and even silences).
- Cultural Awareness
o Cultural awareness refers to an appreciation of the external signs of diversity.
o Ethnicity and cultural background affect a person’s view of health and the healthcare system as
well as responses to health problems.
- Delegation
o BOX 3-7 The Five Rights of Delegation: Checklist
o Right Task (Can I delegate it?) As a rule, you should delegate an activity only if it meets all of
the following criteria:
▪ Delegable for a specific patient.
▪ Within the licensed nurse’s scope of practice and the delegatee’s job description.
▪ Permitted by the state’s nurse practice act.
▪ Permitted by the agency’s policies.
▪ Is performed according to an established sequence of steps and requires little or no
modification from one situation to another.
▪ Does not require independent, specialized nursing knowledge, skills, or judgment.
▪ Is not health teaching or counseling.
▪ Does not endanger a client’s life or well-being.
o Right Circumstance (Should I delegate it?) Before delegating, assess the patient to be certain
that her needs match the abilities of the UAP or LPN. Consider patient safety:
▪ Is the patient setting appropriate?
▪ Is the patient’s condition relatively stable?
▪ Can the patient perform self-care activities without extensive help?
▪ Are adequate resources available?
▪ Are there other factors to maintain safety?
o Right Person (Who is best prepared to do it?)
o The right person:
▪ Is delegating the task (the nurse must be competent to delegate).
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, ▪ Will be performing the task (the UAP must be competent to do the task).
▪ Will receive the care (i.e., the severity of the patient’s illness is considered).
▪ Has performed the task often or has worked with patients with similar diagnoses.
▪ Has a workload that allows time to do the task properly.
o The facility:
▪ Has documented proof that the person has demonstrated competence. If evidence is
lacking, you need to establish the UAP’s competence (e.g., observe and evaluate his
performance or ask the UAP, “How many times have you done this procedure?”
o Right Direction/Communication (What does the UAP need to know?)
▪ Explain exactly what the task is. For example, “Empty the catheter bag, and measure
the amount of urine using the clear, marked plastic container”—not just “Measure the
urine.”
▪ Include specific times and methods for reporting. For example, “Come tell me the
patient’s temperature every hour.”
▪ Explain the purpose or objective of the task. For example, “Change the patient’s
position every 2 hours to prevent bedsores; they are not able to turn by themselves.”
▪ Describe the expected results or potential complications. For example, “I have
given the patient their medications, so their temperature should be below 100°F by 0900.
If not, let me know immediately.”
▪ Be specific in your instructions. For example, “Let me know whether Ms. Reynolds
has any more red spots or broken skin areas when you turn her” not “Tell me what her
skin looks like.”
▪ Be certain the delegatee (UAP) understands the communication and that they
cannot modify the task without first consulting the nurse.
o Right Supervision/Evaluation (How will I follow up?) As the RN, you are responsible for
providing supervision and evaluating the outcomes. This includes the following:
▪ Monitoring the UAP/LVN’s work. Does it comply with standards of practice and
agency policy and procedures?
▪ Intervening as needed. Some UAPs receive little training, so you may need to
demonstrate and receive return demonstrations of the UAP’s ability to perform some
activities.
▪ Obtaining feedback from the patient. Evaluate both the patient’s responses to the
UAP interventions and the relationship with the UAP.
▪ Obtaining feedback from the delegatee. Provide both positive and negative
feedback. If performance is not acceptable, speak privately with the UAP to explain the
specific mistakes. Listen to the UAP’s view of the situation.
▪ Evaluating client outcomes.
▪ Ensuring proper documentation of the delegatee’s actions. Some agencies permit
UAPs to record vital signs and other patient data. However, the RN is still responsible for
seeing that all necessary data are recorded and that they are accurate.
Module 2:
- Levels of Preventions
o Health promotion is motivated by the desire to increase well-being. Health protection is motivated
by a desire to avoid illness.
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