Sociale psychologie 3e druk
Inzicht in sociale relaties en het psychologisch functioneren van
mensen.
Samenvatting
1
, Sociale psychologie: samenvatting
Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1 Sociale relaties en welzijn........................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Sociale netwerken..........................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Sociale relaties als buffer tegen stress...........................................................................................................4
1.2.1 Stress.......................................................................................................................................................4
1.2.2 Stressoren...............................................................................................................................................4
1.2.3 Coping en sociale steun..........................................................................................................................4
1.2.3 Stressemmer...........................................................................................................................................5
1.2.4 Het geven van sociale steun...................................................................................................................5
1.3 Een gebrek aan sociale relaties......................................................................................................................5
1.3.1 Eenzaamheid...........................................................................................................................................5
1.3.2 Aantasting van de zelfwaardering...........................................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 3 Denken over het zelf en anderen................................................................................................8
3.1 Denken over het zelf.......................................................................................................................................8
3.1.1 Organisatie van het zelfbeeld.................................................................................................................9
3.1.2 Omgaan met zelfrelevante informatie....................................................................................................9
3.1.3 Zelfwaardering........................................................................................................................................9
3.2 Denken over anderen.....................................................................................................................................9
3.2.1 De eerste indruk......................................................................................................................................9
3.2.2 Ingroup versus outgroup......................................................................................................................10
3.3 Oordelen en beslissingen..............................................................................................................................10
3.3.1 Attributies.............................................................................................................................................10
4.1 Belangrijke factoren voor contact................................................................................................................12
4.1.1 Gelijkheid..............................................................................................................................................12
4.1.2 Nabijheid...............................................................................................................................................12
4.1.3 Zelfonthulling........................................................................................................................................12
4.2 Communicatie..............................................................................................................................................12
4.2.1 Verbale en non-verbale communicatie.................................................................................................12
4.2.2 Het communicatieproces......................................................................................................................12
4.2.3 Communicatiestrategieën.....................................................................................................................13
4.2.4 Automatische reactiepatronen.............................................................................................................13
4.2.5 Culturele verschillen in de communicatie............................................................................................13
4.3 Individuele verschillen in communicatie.......................................................................................................14
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, Sociale psychologie: samenvatting
Hoofdstuk 5 Verschillende soorten relaties en hun processen.......................................................................14
5.1 Hechting: de basis van relaties.....................................................................................................................14
5.2 Soorten relaties............................................................................................................................................14
5.2.1 Relaties met familieleden.....................................................................................................................14
5.2.2 Partnerrelaties......................................................................................................................................15
5.2.3 De relaties met vrienden......................................................................................................................15
5.3 Relaties op het werk.....................................................................................................................................15
5.3.1 Relaties met collega's............................................................................................................................15
5.3.2 Relaties met leidinggevenden...............................................................................................................16
5.3.3 Emotionele arbeid................................................................................................................................16
Hoofdstuk 6 Behoeften en motivatie............................................................................................................ 16
6.1 Psychologische behoeften............................................................................................................................16
6.1.1 De behoeftepiramide............................................................................................................................16
6.1.2 Psychologische basisbehoeften............................................................................................................17
6.1.3 Waarden................................................................................................................................................17
6.2 De bevrediging van psychologische behoeften............................................................................................18
6.2.1 Van behoefte naar behoeftebevrediging..............................................................................................18
6.2.2 Motivatie...............................................................................................................................................18
6.2.3 Doelen...................................................................................................................................................19
6.2.4 BEAT's....................................................................................................................................................19
6.2.5 Emoties.................................................................................................................................................20
Hoofdstuk 7 Groepsprocessen...................................................................................................................... 20
7.1 Psychologische processen binnen groepen..................................................................................................20
7.1.1 Omstandereffect...................................................................................................................................20
7.1.2 Groepssocialisatie.................................................................................................................................20
7.1.3 Samenwerking......................................................................................................................................20
7.1.4 Groepsleiders........................................................................................................................................21
7.1.5 Groepsprestaties...................................................................................................................................21
7.1.6 Besluitvorming in groepen....................................................................................................................22
7.1.7 Groepssamenstelling............................................................................................................................22
7.2 Psychologische processen tussen groepen...................................................................................................22
7.2.1 Culturele verschillen tussen groepen...................................................................................................22
7.2.2 Integratie van culturele groepen..........................................................................................................22
7.2.3 Agressie en discriminatie......................................................................................................................23
Hoofdstuk 8 Beinvloeden op basis van sociaalpsychologische principes........................................................23
8.1 Wat is gedragsbeïnvloeding?.......................................................................................................................23
8.2 Gedragsbeïnvloeding op doelgroep niveau.............................................................................................23
8.2.1 De theorie van gepland gedrag.............................................................................................................23
8.3 Gedragsbeïnvloeding bij individuen.............................................................................................................24
8.3.1 Trans theoretisch model van verandering............................................................................................24
8.3.2 Motiverende gespreksvoering..............................................................................................................24
Gesprek gebruiken om men te motiveren zijn of haat gedrag te veranderen. MG is ontwikkeld door 2
psychologen in de jaren 80, William Miller en Steve Rollnick............................................................................24
8.4 Behavioral change techniques.....................................................................................................................24
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