Class notes
Class notes HISTORY 262 (HIST262)
- Course
- HISTORY 262 (HIST262)
- Institution
- University Of Tennessee - Knoxville
Maritime Expansion in the Atlantic World
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Maritime Expansion in the Atlantic WorldAstronomical navigation chart
● From Hormoz to Calicut
○ Beichen – Polaris
○ Zhinü – Vega
○ Gu – Crux
○ Busi – Pegasus
● Zhi (finger)
○ Zām
○ iṣba إصب
● Cross-cultural communication
Ming seclusion: mid-15th c.
● 424: death of Yongle Emperor
● 1431: Annam independence
● 1433: abrupt stop of voyages
● 1449: Mongol defeat of Ming army
○ Temporary capture of Chinese emperor
● Building of Great Wall
● Pullback from coast – Japanese pirates
Contact, commerce, colonization
● By mid-15th c.: Ottoman Empire
● Europeans’ seeking alternative routes to Asia
○ Portuguese entering into Indian Ocean
● Accidental discovery of the Americas
○ Merging of two biomes
● The old expansionism & the new
● Amerindians & their empires (Aztec, Inca)
Aztec empire of Mexico
● 1325–1519
● The Aztecs
○ Nahua-speaking nomadic hunting & gathering people
○ Homeland: Aztlán (“heron-land”) – Aztec
○ Mexica – Mexico
○ Settled in the Basin of Mexico (Anáhuac, “Land Between the Waters”) in mid-
13th
○ Despised as Chichimeca (“lineage of the dog”) by neighboring peoples
● 1325: capital city of Tenochtitlán (“Place of the Cactus Fruit”) founded
○ On lake Texcoco
○ Largest city in N. America before Spanish Conquest – up to 250,000
● Conquests provided a steady stream of humans for sacrifice – cf. Mongols
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