Class notes
Class notes HISTORY 262 (HIST262)
- Course
- HISTORY 262 (HIST262)
- Institution
- University Of Tennessee - Knoxville
Nationalism and Imperialism
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Nationalism and ImperialismNations and empires, 1850s-1910s
- Building of nation-states in Europe, the Americas and Oceania
- Rivalries among European states
- Emergence of Italy and Germany
- United States expansion met resistance
- Asia and Africa struggled to repel invaders
- Nationalism, imperialism, industrialization
- 2nd half of 19th century: closely linked to each other
- Previously, nations—-peoples sharing a common past, territory, culture, and
traditions
- Building nationalism
- A single regional dialect was selected as a national language— cf. Italian and
German
- Forms of nation-states
- Industrializing and seizing new territories
- Germany, France, the US, Russia, and Japan— caught up to Britain
- Widespread movement of labor, capital, commodities, and information
- Role of Colonial Subjects
- Give little or no representation
- Tension between nation and empire
India under EIC rule, 1800-57
- EIC dismantled the powers of nobility and the rights of peasants
- Allied with princely kingdoms previously
- Character Act of 1833
- 1848: lord Dalhousie appointed as governor-general of India– “policy of lapse”
Rebellion of 1857
- 1856: annexation of Awadh
- Wave of rebellion spread through 270,000 Indian soldiers (vs. 40,000 British soldiers)
- Limitations
- Upper classes, localized revolts, no national vision
- The British response
- Racial stereotypes after 1857
- 1874: EIC rule ended
- 1876: British direct control over India— Queen Victoria (“Empress of India”)
British Imperialism in India
- 1858: British government replaced EIC rule— period known as the RAJ (“rule”)
- Modernized India’s transportation and communication systems
- Infrastructure developed to maximize profits from trade
- 4th largest railroad network in the world by 1910
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