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Samenvatting Bouwstenen - bouwwetenschappen Materialenkennis
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Gebaseerd op boek van Kathleen Verlée 2024
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BouwwetenschappenInhoud
1. Circulariteit......................................................................................................... 5
1.1. inleiding........................................................................................................ 5
1.2. circulaire aanpak in de Vlaamse bouwsector...............................................5
1.3. Circulaire alternatieven................................................................................ 5
1.4. Principes van circulaire economie in de bouwsector....................................5
1.5. Nog een lange weg af te leggen...................................................................6
1.6. Recyclage versus hergebruik........................................................................6
1.7. Niveaus van circulariteit............................................................................... 6
1.8. Verwachte technische levensduur................................................................6
1.9. LCA en TOTEM.............................................................................................. 6
2. cement............................................................................................................... 7
2.1. Geschiedenis van cement............................................................................ 7
2.2. Definitie van cement.................................................................................... 7
2.3. Toepassingen van cement............................................................................ 7
2.4. Bestanddelen van cement............................................................................8
2.5. Fabricatie van cement.................................................................................. 8
2.6. Indeling van cement..................................................................................... 9
2.7. Verschil tussen cement, mortel, specie en beton.........................................9
2.8. Kwaliteitsgarantie van cement.....................................................................9
2.9. Cement voor verschillende toepassingen.....................................................9
2.10. Duurzaamheid van cement......................................................................10
3. Beton................................................................................................................ 10
3.1. Definitie van beton..................................................................................... 10
3.2. Toepassingen van beton............................................................................. 10
3.3. Bestanddelen van beton............................................................................. 11
3.4. Fabricatie van beton................................................................................... 11
3.5. Indeling van beton...................................................................................... 12
3.6. Eigenschappen van beton..........................................................................12
3.7. Watercementfactor..................................................................................... 13
3.8. Consistentie van beton............................................................................... 13
3.9. Druksterkte van beton............................................................................... 13
3.10. Gewapend beton...................................................................................... 14
3.11. Voorgespannen beton.............................................................................. 14
, 3.12. Classificering van de aantastingsrisico’s van beton.................................14
3.13. Omgevingsklassen beton.........................................................................14
3.14. Betontype................................................................................................. 14
3.15. Kwaliteitsgarantie van beton....................................................................14
3.16. Stortklaar versus zelfgemaakt beton........................................................15
3.17. Beton en energiebesparing......................................................................15
3.18. Duurzaamheid van beton.........................................................................15
3.19. Beton bij brand......................................................................................... 15
4. Cellenbeton...................................................................................................... 16
4.1. Geschiedenis van cellenbeton....................................................................16
4.2. Definitie van cellenbeton............................................................................16
4.3. Toepassingen van cellenbeton....................................................................16
4.4. Bestanddelen van cellenbeton...................................................................16
4.5. Fabricatie van cellenbeton.........................................................................16
4.6. Producten van cellenbeton.........................................................................17
4.7. Eigenschappen van cellenbeton.................................................................17
4.8. Cellenbeton en energiebesparing...............................................................17
4.9. Duurzaamheid van cellenbeton..................................................................17
4.10. Cellenbeton bij brand............................................................................... 17
5. Kalkzandsteen.................................................................................................. 17
5.1. Geschiedenis van kalkzandsteen................................................................17
5.2. Toepassingen van kalkzandsteen...............................................................17
5.3. Bestanddelen van kalkzandsteen...............................................................18
5.4. Fabricatie van kalkzandsteen.....................................................................18
5.5. Producten van kalkzandsteen.....................................................................18
5.6. Kalkzandstenen wanddeel als totaalpakket................................................18
5.7. Eigenschappen van kalkzandsteen.............................................................18
5.8. Kalkzandsteen en energiebesparing...........................................................18
5.9. Duurzaamheid van kalkzandsteen.............................................................19
5.10. Kalkzandsteen bij brand...........................................................................19
6. Baksteen.......................................................................................................... 19
6.1. Definitie van baksteen............................................................................... 19
6.2. Toepassingen van baksteen.......................................................................19
6.3. Bestanddelen van baksteen.......................................................................20
6.4. Fabricatie van baksteen............................................................................. 20
6.5. Indeling van baksteen................................................................................ 20
6.6. Uitvoering van baksteenmetselwerk..........................................................21
, 6.7. Baksteen en energiebesparing...................................................................22
6.8. Duurzaamheid van baksteen......................................................................22
6.9. Baksteen bij brand..................................................................................... 22
7. Metalen............................................................................................................. 22
7.1. Definitie van metalen................................................................................. 22
7.2. Indeling van metalen.................................................................................. 22
7.3. Corrosie van metalen................................................................................. 23
7.4. Staal........................................................................................................... 24
7.5. Aluminium.................................................................................................. 27
7.6. Zink............................................................................................................ 28
7.7. Koper.......................................................................................................... 28
7.8. Lood........................................................................................................... 29
8. Hout.................................................................................................................. 30
8.1. Definitie van hout....................................................................................... 30
8.2. Toepassingen van hout............................................................................... 30
8.3. Structuur van hout..................................................................................... 31
8.4. Hout en water............................................................................................. 32
8.5. Duurzaamheid van hout............................................................................. 33
8.6. Toegepaste houtsoorten............................................................................. 33
8.7. Aanduiding van hout.................................................................................. 34
8.8. Hout en energiebesparing..........................................................................34
8.9. Hout bij brand............................................................................................. 34
9. Isolatiemateriaal............................................................................................... 34
9.1. Definitie van isolatiemateriaal....................................................................34
9.2. Indeling van isolatiematerialen..................................................................34
9.3. Belangrijkste isolatiematerialen.................................................................35
9.4. Duurzaamheid van isolatiematerialen........................................................35
9.5. Kwaliteitsgarantie van isolatiematerialen..................................................36
9.6. Buitenmuren isoleren................................................................................. 36
9.7. Vloeren isoleren.......................................................................................... 37
9.8. Hellende daken isoleren............................................................................. 37
10. Asbest............................................................................................................. 38
10.1. Definitie van asbest.................................................................................. 38
10.2. Geschiedenis van asbest..........................................................................39
10.3. Belgische asbestproducenten...................................................................39
10.4. Voordelen van asbest............................................................................... 39
10.5. Nadelen van asbest.................................................................................. 39
, 10.6. Indeling van asbesthoudende materialen................................................39
10.7. Regelgeving met betrekking tot asbest....................................................40
10.8. Herkenning van asbesthoudend materiaal...............................................40
10.9. De asbestinventaris.................................................................................. 40
10.10. Asbestbouwbeleid in het Vlaamse Gewest.............................................41
10.11. werkgeversverplichting met betrekking tot asbest................................41
10.12. asbest verwijderen................................................................................. 41
11. Warmtetransmissie......................................................................................... 42
11.1. definitie van warmte en temperatuur:......................................................42
11.2. transmissie van warmte...........................................................................42
12. luchtdichtheid................................................................................................. 43
12.1. Definitie van luchtdicht bouwen...............................................................43
12.2. Toepassingen van luchtdicht bouwen.......................................................43
12.3. luchtlekken opsporen............................................................................... 44
12.4. infiltrometrietest...................................................................................... 44
13. Vochttransport................................................................................................ 44
13.1. Definitie van vocht................................................................................... 44
13.2. waterdamp in de lucht............................................................................. 44
13.3. relatieve vochtigheid van de lucht...........................................................44
13.4. Het dauwpunt van de lucht......................................................................45
13.5. oorzaken van vocht in constructies..........................................................45
13.6. dampdiffusie............................................................................................. 45
13.7. Convectief damptransport........................................................................46
13.8. inwendige condensatie............................................................................. 46
13.9. Praktisch besluit....................................................................................... 46
14. brandveiligheid............................................................................................... 47
14.1. definitie van brand................................................................................... 47
14.2. indeling van brandweerstand...................................................................47
14.3. de brandreactie van een bouwproduct.....................................................47
14.4. regelgeving omtrent brandveiligheid.......................................................47
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