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Sumario Tema 4 - Campo magnético
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1. Campo magnético en el vacío 2. Campo magnético en los medios materiales 3. Fórmulas de uso en ejercicios
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FÍSICA 2 TEMA 4TEMA 4
CAMPO MAGNÉTICO
4.1 – EL CAMPO MAGNÉTICO EN EL VACÍO
Un imán crea en cualquier punto “P” del espacio que la rodea un campo magnético de valor:
E8FGáHI
B
Si ahora colocamos una carga “q” en “P” que se mueve con una velocidad “v”, la fuerza será:
E8FGáHI = q + v
F E8FGáHI
E8 x B
()
CAMPO MAGNÉTICO: B = * + , = T (Tesla)
El campo magnético de un imán se representa mediante líneas de
campo que salen del polo norte un entran en el polo sur. Como los
polos aparecen siempre juntos, las líneas cerradas empiezan en
uno, siguen en el otro y por tanto son líneas de campo cerradas.
Ésta es una característica general de las líneas de campo magnético,
sea cual sea su origen.
CORRIENTE DE INTENSIDAD: 8J = n + q + v
E8
K+G
PERMEABILIDAD MAGNÉTICA: μ0 = 1,26 + 10-6 L
FLUJO DE CAMPO MAGNÉTICO: ϕB = T + m2 = Wb (Webber)
Cuando el flujo de campo magnético es nulo se dice que el campo magnético es solenoidal.
4.2 – CAMPO MAGNÉTICO EN LOS MEDIOS MATERIALES
Atendiendo al comportamiento de los materiales frente a un campo externo, estos se clasifican en:
DIAMAGNÉTICOS: B < Bexterno
Diamagnéticos: Paramagnéticos:
PARAMAGNÉTICOS: B > Bexterno
FERROMAGNÉTICOS: B >> Bexterno
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