Summary
Samenvatting 11 orgaanstelsels MBK1
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De 11 orgaanstelsels anatomisch, fysiologisch en pathologisch volgens de theorie gezond domein
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Domein Gezond leven en gewoontes.Medische Basiskennis............................................................................................................ 3
0. Algemeen....................................................................................................................... 3
1. Hart en vaatstelsel......................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Anatomie.................................................................................................................4
1.2 Fysiologie................................................................................................................ 4
1.3 Pathologie............................................................................................................... 5
Normaalwaarden Bloeddruk.....................................................................................5
Normaalwaarden Cholesterol...................................................................................5
2. Bewegingsapparaat.......................................................................................................7
2.1 Anatomie.................................................................................................................7
2.1 Fysiologie................................................................................................................ 7
2.3 Pathologie............................................................................................................... 9
3. Zenuwstelsel/Psyche...................................................................................................10
3.1 Anatomie............................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Fysiologie.............................................................................................................. 10
.................................................................................................................................... 14
3.3 Pathologie............................................................................................................. 15
4. Ademhalingsstelsel......................................................................................................16
4.1 Anatomie............................................................................................................... 16
4.2 Fysiologie.............................................................................................................. 16
4.3 Pathologie............................................................................................................. 17
5. Spijsverteringsstelsel...................................................................................................18
5.1 Anatomie............................................................................................................... 18
5.2 Fysiologie.............................................................................................................. 18
5.3 Pathologie............................................................................................................. 20
6. Afvalstoffenstelsel/Nierstelsel......................................................................................21
6.1 Anatomie............................................................................................................... 21
6.2 Fysiologie.............................................................................................................. 22
6.3 Pathologie............................................................................................................. 24
7. Hormoonstelsel............................................................................................................ 24
7.1 Anatomie............................................................................................................... 24
7.2 Fysiologie.............................................................................................................. 25
7.3 Pathologie:............................................................................................................ 29
8. Immuunsysteem / Lymfevatenstelsel...........................................................................32
8.1 Anatomie............................................................................................................... 32
8.2 Fysiologie.............................................................................................................. 32
8.3 Pathologie............................................................................................................. 33
9. Voortplantingsstelsel....................................................................................................35
9.1 Anatomie............................................................................................................... 35
9.2 Fysiologie.............................................................................................................. 36
9.3 Pathologie............................................................................................................. 36
10. Zintuigelijk stelsel (Huid)............................................................................................37
10.1 Anatomie............................................................................................................. 37
10.2 Fysiologie............................................................................................................ 38
1
, 10.3 Pathologie........................................................................................................... 38
11. Psyche....................................................................................................................... 39
Zie ook Zenuwstelsel en slaap ontspanning................................................................39
Stress / Vermoeidheid / Slaap.....................................................................................39
Voeding................................................................................................................................ 40
Aanbevolen hoeveelheden:.........................................................................................41
Koolhydraten........................................................................................................... 41
Eiwitten:.................................................................................................................. 43
Vetten..................................................................................................................... 44
Zout........................................................................................................................ 45
Micronutrienten.......................................................................................................45
Alcohol.................................................................................................................... 45
Stofwisseling............................................................................................................... 46
Voedingsadviezen:.................................................................................................46
Berekening BMI............................................................................................................... 47
Berekening Ruststofwisseling (Harris Benedict formule)..................................................47
Beweging.............................................................................................................................. 48
Berekening BMR.............................................................................................................. 50
Berekening PAL............................................................................................................... 51
Berekening MET-waarde.................................................................................................51
Slaap en ontspanning........................................................................................................... 51
Stress en energiemanagement............................................................................................55
Verslaving............................................................................................................................. 58
.................................................................................................................................... 59
2
,Medische Basiskennis
0. Algemeen
BRAVO staat voor
-meer Bewegen
- niet Roken
- minder/geen Alcohol
- Voeding
- Ontspanning
Anatomie is de bouw van het menselijk lichaam
Fysiologie is de werking van het lichaam
Pathologie is ziekteleer
Homeostase is evenwicht, er ontstaat onbalans als er te veel of te weinig van iets is.
Een lichaam bestaat uit cellen, weefsels en organen.
Cel:
Er gaat iets in-er gebeurt iets mee/wordt iets omgezet-gaat iets uit.
Weefsel
Groep cellen met dezelfde vorm en functie.
- spierweefsel (glad en dwarsgestreept)
- botweefsel
- vetweefsel
- zenuwweefsel
- huidweefsel
- kraakbeenweefsel
- bloedcellen
Orgaan
Een groep samenwerkende weefsels, weefsels met dezelfde functie
3
, 1. Hart en vaatstelsel
1.1 Anatomie
1.2 Fysiologie
Je hebt een kleine bloedsomloop die het zuurstof ophaalt en een grote bloedsomloop die het
zuurstof verspreidt in het lichaam.
Kleine Bloedsomloop
Rechterboezem > Rechterkamer > Longslagader (zuurstofarm!) > Long (zuurstofopname) >
Longader (zuurstofrijk) > hart (linkerboezem)
Grote Bloedsomloop
Linkerboezem > Linkerkamer > AORTA (hoofdslagader) > lichaamsslagaders ( zuurstofrijk)
> organen en weefsels > holle aders ( zuurstofarm) > hart (rechterboezem)
Lichaamsslagaders heten ook arteriën, ze hebben een dikkere vaatwand om de bloeddruk te
weerstaan en vervoeren zuurstofrijk bloed (enige uitzondering is de longslagader). Gaan
naar de organen toe.
Holle aders heten ook venen, zijn minder dik maar bevatten kleppen om het terugstromen
van het bloed te voorkomen. Voeren het zuurstofarme bloed van de organen weg terug naar
het hart.
4
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